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NYT International - 28.07.2026.pdf 中文镜像版

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女友 米开朗基罗的 夏季为餐桌带来 被列入遗嘱 杰作 新鲜农产品 PAGE 7 | 商业 PAGE 14 | 文化 PAGE 15 | 生活

he New Dork Gim 国际版 | 2026年7月28日，星期二

为什么万斯 ——- 依然在 28 年 战争中的势头 胜过卢比奥 吸引投资者 关注乌克兰 n apetnene. eetiegtae

波兰，格但斯克

罗斯·多萨特 讨论关于重建的重点在私人资金和商业机会 观点文章 作者：安德鲁·E·克拉默 在特朗普第二个总统任期的第一年里，詹姆斯·戴维·万斯 主要是担任白宫指定的强硬人物。他并没有在减轻特朗普式的严苛，反而被赋予了要比总统本人更强硬的任务，无论这意味着公开向 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 施压，还是为明尼阿波利斯的移民镇压辩护，亦或是象征性地飞往格陵兰岛——那个被冻结的目标。 乌克兰战争的氛围已经发生了变化。只需问问那些前几天晚上在一家时髦的码头咖啡馆外的派对上，品尝着鸡尾酒并为交易干杯的商人即可。 该派对是在波兰 格但斯克 举行的关于 乌克兰 战后重建的会议之后举办的。之前的会议围绕着捐赠援助展开。 今年，重点则是私人

总统的意愿。投资——将乌克兰视为一个巨大的战后市场，而非一个受害者，且正处于加入欧盟的道路上。

在过去的几个月里，万斯的角色发生了变化。他曾是总统决定攻击伊朗并随后解开伊朗结的最著名的内部质疑者。（他还开始了一次某种程度上具有文化调解性质的副总统图书宣传之旅，并受到了一次初步的 7 新儿子的欢迎。）

因为我认为乌克兰战争可能是一场愚蠢的陷阱，我非常倾向于这个版本的万斯担任副总统，而不是那个似乎被吸入意识形态驱动的保守派反对派国家的版本。

相比之下，虽然我认为马尔科·卢比奥在担任国务卿第一年的表现极其有效，但卢比奥在面对伊朗时的表现往往是一种规避演说，让其他官员承担风险去主导战争或寻求和平，而他自己则保持选择余地。

然而，共和党的政治逻辑往往并不符合我的偏好，而我所倾向的那个版本的万斯，似乎也将他的共和党内部敌人视为政治上的弱者。从网络攻击的围攻到来自《华尔街日报》和本·夏皮罗的尖锐批评。

会议上的核心主张是将资金投入乌克兰，即便它仍处于战争状态。任何此类投资都是一场赌注，赌乌克兰将否认俄罗斯在现实中的广泛野心，在冲突中保持独立国家地位。

相比之下，我们发现悲伤伴随着强烈的民族自豪感，对政府的反对被对外国干预的不安所缓和，外在的自由生活方式与宗教哀悼、对以色列的愤怒以及对经济困难和国家限制的沮丧并存。

理解伊朗意味着同时审视所有这些现实。

在我踏入伊朗之前，这个国家已经开始向我讲述其现代故事的一个版本。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 摄影：EMILE DUCKE 为《纽约时报》拍摄 一张阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊的肖像，这位伊朗前最高领袖在本月美以袭击中丧生，他的形象笼罩在德黑兰的街道上。

伊朗派遣报道 伊朗之旅揭示了美国与一个复杂的现实共存：韧性、统一、愤怒以及经济困境和国家限制。 作者：ABDI LATIF DAHIR

进入德黑兰 在伊朗的旅程始于伊朗航空的航班。每个乘客的前座口袋里都塞着一张印有阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊面孔的传单。

政府的选择绝非偶然。它想展示战争如何影响到超越军事目标、触及伊朗历史核心地带的地方。我们的第一站是戈莱斯坦宫。

由于我认为乌克兰正在定期反击，包括对莫斯科的袭击，因此战争可能不会阻碍他的政治前途。

会议产生了 160 份协议，根据本月早些时候担任乌克兰总理的尤利娅·斯维里登科（Yuliia Svyrydenko）的说法，为乌克兰带来了约 $11 亿的私人投资和援助。

美国进出口银行宣布向乌克兰国家天然气公司提供高达 $300 百万的信贷额度。在 7,500 名参会者中，有美国国务院负责外交援助和人道主义事务的助理国务卿杰里米·莱文（Jeremy Lewin）。在一次演说中，他表示现在是向乌克兰的“D.L.B.”（国防工业基础）投资的时刻。

在过去的几个月里，外交官、军事分析师和商人们对基辅在战争中前景的评估更加乐观。前线仍然是无人机驱动的暴力熔炉，俄罗斯的导弹继续袭击乌克兰城市。但俄罗斯的进展基本被遏制。

在万斯阵营中有一种明显的感觉，即副总统异常脆弱，而 2028 年的卢比奥方案可能是可行的。万斯的怀疑者们确实掌握一些有利于自己的数据。卢比奥在一次新的 2028 年新罕快尔州初次民调中悄然上升，在博彩市场的排名与副总统相去不远。当我意识到阿亚图拉·哈梅内伊的画像就在到达大厅上方注视着时，那些最初对伊朗战争判断正确的人发现，这并不能给他们带来太多的政治优势。

巨大的横幅宣布了坚韧不拔。海报和旗帜要求复仇。伊朗领导层的信号很明确：国家在遭受苦难后幸存了下来。

我在 7 月初作为《纽约时报》首批进入该国的记者团队成员抵达伊朗。在政府派遣的翻译和导游陪同下，我们在首都德黑兰进行了数日的报道，随后前往马什哈德——这位阿亚图拉的出生地，也是他将被安葬的城市。

即便国家在展现力量，体现韧性和国家团结，但人们在德黑兰市中心部分地区销售购物袋，这表明城市部分地区的日常生活已恢复正常。在一家餐厅里，有些人认为“就好像阿亚图拉·哈梅内伊没有死一样”。

在导游观察到的一个场景中，他们被介绍给一名伊朗人，对方正处于一个哀悼的国家之中，而这个国家决定挺过这次磨难。自 2 月下旬战争爆发以来，获准进入该国的记者们发现，城市的部分地区仍留有新鲜的伤痕，附近一座司法大楼在一次袭击中受损。“人们在关注……”，某人说道。

随后，数千名抗议者在短暂的脆弱停火期间暂停的抗政府抗议活动中被杀，抗议活动于 12 月下旬再次爆发。我们被允许报道阿亚图拉·哈梅内伊的葬礼仪式。

虽然我们遇到的伊朗被战争所塑造，但并未被其定义。

这座宏伟的联合国教科文组织世界遗产地可以追溯到早于伊斯兰共和国的伊朗历史篇章。这里曾是卡扎尔王朝的仪式性都城，波斯国王在闪烁的镜面天花板和精致的瓷砖装饰下举行朝议。

在我们访问期间，那场于 12 月下旬开始的战争，在沙迪·贾法里（Shadi Jafari，媒体团领队）的带领下，虽然停火协议暂时生效，但冲突再次升级。她表示，这座宫殿遭到破坏是“不幸的”。

我们在这个城市度过了数日，揭示了一个更为复杂的现实。

美国-伊朗停火协议是如何瓦解的 我们在霍尔木兹海峡遭遇障碍的船只一样，一项看似成功的停火协议分崩离析。 PAGE 4

《纽约时报》发表来自世界各种视角的观点文章，希望在具有影响力的议题上促进建设性辩论。 DOUTHAT, PAGE 10

IRAN, PAGE 4

乌克兰的国家石油天然气公司（Naftogaz）以及石油工业服务公司，正向右翼中持怀疑态度的人群推销购买美国建筑设备。

目前，乌克兰的经济实际上由国际援助支撑。但该国的长期前景具有潜在的获利空间。乌克兰拥有欧洲已知最大的天然气储量，估计价值约 $300 亿。你完全可以认为，在乌克兰寻找严肃的商业机会是合理的，乌克兰国家天然气公司董事会主席邓肯·耐汀格尔（Duncan Nightingale）如此表示。

尽管他提到目前处于“极高水平的乐观”之中，但乌克兰仍面临战场挑战，包括俄罗斯缓慢但稳定的推进。 UKRAINE, PAGE 8

获得诺贝尔奖的日本科学家 宗近 (SUSUMU TONEGAWA) 曾因“发现抗体多样性产生的遗传原理”而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 1939-2026

作者：DYLAN LOEB MCCLAIN

宗近博士（Dr. Susumu Tonegawa）是一位日本分子生物学家，他因揭示人体如何产生足够的抗体以对抗多种感染而获得 1987 年诺贝尔奖。此后，他通过发现记忆是如何存储的，进一步深化了人们对大脑运作方式的理解。他于 7 月 11 日在加利福尼亚州圣马特奥的家中去世，享年 86。

麻省理工学院（M.I.T.）——宗近博士曾在此任教——宣布了他的死讯。

“很少有科学家能像他那样如此深刻地重塑我们对生物学的理解，”麻省理工学院皮考尔学习与记忆研究所（Picower Institute for Learning and Memory）所长 Myriam Heiman 在一份声明中表示。该研究所由宗近博士于 1994 年创建。

“他的知识无畏精神、非凡的创造力以及对基础问题的不懈追求，在免疫学和神经科学领域都开辟了全新的前沿。”

在一次采访中，接替宗近博士担任学习与记忆研究所所长的神经科学家 Li-Huei Tsai 将这一过程比作管弦乐团将多种乐器结合起来演奏一部音乐曲目的方式。

[[IMG_XXXX]] DMITRY KOSTYUKOV 为 纽约时报 拍摄。上个月在巴黎热浪中努力保持凉爽。法国卫生当局记录到，在 6 月 17 日至 7 月 2 日气温飙升期间，有近 6,000 例超额死亡。

诺贝尔委员会指出，宗近博士的发现可能包括提高疫苗效力、开发免疫疗法，以及研究如何对抗在抗体开始攻击健康细胞时发生的自身免疫性疾病。

1994 年，作为麻省理工学院的教授，宗近博士将注意力转向了一个新课题：神经科学。在创建了麻省理工学院学习与记忆中心（现为皮考尔研究所）后，他专注于研究记忆在脑中是如何存储的。

利用最先进的技术，他研究了一组被称为“engrams”（记忆痕迹）的细胞，这些细胞位于海马体中——大脑中负责将新信息整合进记忆的部分——以及其他部位。宗近博士发现，记忆是由来自多种元素的 engram 细胞创建的，包括经验、对空间、时间以及物体物理特性的感知。

几十年来，科学家们一直被 B 淋巴细胞（一种白细胞）产生的抗体所困惑。

这些抗体用于对抗疾病，形状像字母“Y”，由两条长链和两条短对称的蛋白质链组成，所有链都由硫原子桥连接。大多数长蛋白和部分短蛋白被认为是恒定的，即它们在所有抗体中都相同。

而他（Li-Huei Tsai）说：“在每条链的末端是可变氨基酸，使抗体能够结合到各种感染的抗原上，从而使其失能。”一个常见的类比是，恒定氨基酸就像钥匙的柄，而可变部分则是打开锁的齿痕。正如钥匙一样，每组齿痕的组合都是唯一的。

酷暑中，法国转向西班牙 （法国，见第 1 页）

在要求穿着正装的工作场所，如政府部门，他表示支持允许员工在炎热天气中不打领带、不穿外套或长裤。

在 2024 年瓦伦西亚发生灾难性洪水之后，[此处文本缺失/模糊] 采取了措施，而非因为热浪。在法国，绿党最近建议每年提供 5 天的有薪假期，以保护工人在极端高温期间的工作，这是一个想法。

建筑是另一个领域，[此处文本中断]

drew head- 西班牙提供了教训。其古老的房屋拥有厚墙和狭小的窗户，并配有百叶窗、遮阳帘和遮阳篷以阻挡阳光。法国和西班牙共同面对另一种与气候相关的灾难：野火。近日，马德里和波尔多附近迅速蔓延的火灾吞噬了农田、森林和房屋，迫使超过 300,000 人撤离或寻求避难，而他们并不清楚最终何时才能返回。

许多法国房屋也设有百叶窗，但在现代公寓中，大窗户更受欢迎。在巴黎，覆盖了近五分之四建筑的标志性锌制屋顶在阳光下灼热，使得居住在屋顶下方的人们生活难以忍受。

最显而易见的改变，当然是将安装空调。奥尔特拉先生表示，在西班牙最炎热的地区，四分之三的房屋使用冷却设备。将这些文化适应方案移植到法国，特别是该国北部，将具有挑战性，他承认。

“通过法规进行调整是一回事，但真正的重大挑战是文化适应，”法兰杜先生说。此外，西班牙仍在努力保护其人口。大约三分之一的西班牙家庭无法保持凉爽。

法兰杜先生在加入政府之前，职业生涯始于一名经营法国国家铁路公司 (S.N.C.F) 的商人。法国的行政安排追溯到拿破仑时代，且极其不适应更炎热的气候。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 【OCR清理说明：Lwoovi INCE FRANCE PRESSE GETTY MAGES】 法国劳工部长让-皮埃尔·法兰杜（左）和卫生部长斯特凡妮·里斯特，上月在巴黎高温期间于一个紧急避难所发表讲话。

在其他文化适应方面，尤其是在法国以及其他北欧国家，空调是一个政治导火索。批评者指出，由于消耗大量电力并将热气排到建筑物外部，这加剧了气候变化。长期以来，工人、快递员和清洁工深受其害。

尽管如此，科学家们对这些抗体如何能够创建足够多种组合来对抗数百万种感染感到困惑。

一种观点认为这是一个巨大的进化适应，在基因中代代相传，使根川功在 2005. 年（被提及）。这位分子生物学家展示了抗体如何对抗感染以及记忆是如何存储的。但人体只有大约 20,000 个基因，因此似乎不可能有足够的基因来创建对抗如此多种疾病所需的所有排列组合。在对小鼠的测试中，根川博士向印迹细胞注入了新信息，从而创建了全新且不同的记忆。这些通过改变记忆的实验，海曼博士说，最终可能在治疗 PTSD 和退行性脑疾病（如阿尔茨海默症）中发挥作用，通过修改甚至抑制那些令人痛苦的负面记忆。

另一种理论是，人体在体细胞系统中开发了防御机制。换句话说，出生时的抗体基因数量有限，但人体能够通过修改这些基因，随着时间的推移使防御多样化并增强。然而，科学家们一直缺乏进行此类实验的技术，如果能进行此类实验，或许能帮助他们……

根川功于 5, 1939, 出生在日本名古屋，是美国丹佛一家矿业公司的第二儿子，

说他支持在学校、医院、护理院安装冷却系统，以解决这一难题。去年，政府建议在夏季让家中保持足够凉爽。虽然 8 月是度假月，但许多人为了逃离闷热的城市而前往气候更凉爽的地方，而 6 月通常是繁忙的，充满了学校考试、体育赛事和建筑工程。今年，所有这些活动恰好与记录上最剧烈的 6 月热浪重合。

在寻求改变习惯方面，专家表示，法国正在寻找解决这一昂贵问题的低成本方案。行为改变比大规模基础设施投资更便宜，此类投资与旨在减少全球变暖主因——碳排放的“净零”政策相契合。专家认为，法国正在寻找解决昂贵问题的低成本方案。

法国卫生当局记录了近 6,000 例超额死亡。6 月 17 日至 7 月 2 日期间，气温升至 40 摄氏度（或 104 华氏度）以上。绝望地寻求缓解，数千人跳入运河、河流和其他水道，导致 90 人死亡。

“根据我们的时间表，像那样做——不需要花一分钱，”住在瑞士伯尔尼的城市人类学家 Sonia Lavadinho 说道。

“西班牙可以真正地比其邻国更适应高温，但它们仍然承担着非常沉重的健康负担，”这位专家说。但其他专家认为，西班牙的习惯对于法国人来说可能过于勉强，尽管他们别无选择。

“深层意识中，我有这样一个信念，”马德里政府附属智库能源、环境与技术研究中心的资深研究员 Christian Oltra 先生说，“最准确的方案就是改变行为。”

Farandou 先生建议地方当局采取行动。这并非巧合，Farandou 先生访问的是西班牙，而不是美国、亚洲或中东，因为许多建筑在那里都安装了强力空调。那些地方在文化和地理上都太遥远，无法成为法国的有效模式，他说。即便尝试像他们的西班牙邻居那样生活，对法国人来说也是一种挑战，他说。

关于 筒见 勉（Tsutomu Tonegawa）和 筒见 美代子（Miyoko Tonegawa）的谜题。他的父亲曾是一家纺织公司的工程师，全家经常为了他的工作而搬迁。1974 年，当 Tonegawa 博士在瑞士巴塞尔免疫学研究所工作时，他决定研究一种被称为骨髓瘤的癌症的 DNA 以及小鼠胚胎组织的 DNA。

在京都大学，Susumu 对分子生物学产生了浓厚兴趣。在 1963 年毕业后的几个月里，他与一名助手制造了信使 RNA（一种将 DNA 的遗传信息传递给其他基因的单链分子）的杂交探针，以检查 DNA。在 Watanabe 博士的建议下，他离开该校病毒研究所，前往加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校学习，那里有一个新的分子生物学博士项目。他在 1968 年获得博士学位，随后在附近的索尔克生物研究中心（Salk Institute for Biological Studies）从事博士后工作。

这些探针与 DNA 的互补片段结合，使科学家能够识别组织中特定的 DNA 序列。利用这些信息，他们正在进行分析。

Farandou表示：法国人民不应将[此处文本缺失]视为一种神奇的方案，他们能够将[此处文本缺失]图表并对比——或在Renato Dulbecco（未来的诺贝尔医学奖获得者）的实验室里。在1971年，Tonegawa博士开始在巴塞尔免疫学研究所工作。

他于1981年被Salvador E. Luria招募到M.I.T.，后者因其在病毒研究方面的贡献于1969年获得诺贝尔奖。

Tonegawa博士的第一次婚姻（与Kyoko Sakita）以离婚告终。他于1985年与Mayumi Yoshinari结婚。

在2017年于东京举行的一次诺贝尔奖得主会议上，Tonegawa博士被要求定义什么是创造力。“我不觉得我是一个非常有创造力的科学家。我希望我能更有创造力，”他回答道，引起了一阵笑声。

“但如果你强迫我想这个问题，”他补充道，“我可以想出三个简单的概念。No. 1，你必须对某事非常好奇。No. 2，你必须有一种不懈的冲动去解决你所面临的问题。No. 3，我认为尝试结合至少两个不同领域的知识会有所帮助。”

他继续推进研究，与巴塞尔实验室的其他人员合作，在那里，人们并不一定[此处文本缺失]。他在1976年发表了一系列关于其发现具有影响力的论文。他在1987年成为首位日本[此处文本缺失]。

Farandou认为，在他看来，西班牙是一个值得学习的宝贵案例，而不是一个简单的成功故事。在他看来，西班牙已经部分且不均匀地进行了适应——一种相对深刻的适应，以便应对胚胎组织。

当局在夜间保持泳池开放，以便家庭在放学后可以使用，并警告说，不应将这种做法视为一种魔法描述。一方面，传统的西班牙习俗，如午睡或较早的工作时间，并非无处不在，也无法提供给最容易受热影响的人群：如农业劳工、建筑工人。

然而，无论多么不完善，Farandou先生表示，由于法国今年的第一次热浪发生在5月下旬，西班牙的防暑准备做得更好。

允许他们看到抗体[此处文本缺失]是通过结合一些可变的氨基酸（通常与恒定的氨基酸结合）来创建的新链，部分编码序列的DNA链已被改变；在某些情况下，编码已被完全删除。

他们最终意识到，抗体可以通过多种方式创建，鉴于身体必须面对的大量外来抗原，这一点至关重要。

争论结束了：体细胞[此处文本缺失]，正如Tonegawa博士称呼它们那样，获胜了。

庞贝古城的顶棚描绘了一个爱情故事，现已修复。

当自然释放其威力时，罗马[此处文本缺失]。自从18世纪开始挖掘以来，庞贝古城为人们洞察古代居民的生活和习惯提供了宝贵资料。

拱顶的中心图像是用收集的碎片拼接而成的，但仅剩少数碎片。通过将装饰边框中的现有碎片（尤其是大量提及酒神狄俄尼索斯的碎片）与其他古代作品进行对比，考古学家成功确认了庞贝古城遗址中回收的数百块石膏碎片中的描绘内容。

作者：ELISABETTA POVOLEDO

本月，考古学家们向公众展示了一座修复后的壁画穹顶，讲述了酒神狄俄尼索斯与阿里阿德涅的流行爱情故事。阿里阿德涅是那位帮助特修斯逃出弥诺陶洛斯迷宫的公主。公园园长将其描述为一个描绘狂欢之神与帮助引导克里特岛迷宫的公主的“宏伟”谜题。

鲁索先生表示，该宴会厅曾是一座别墅的一部分，属于庞贝地方法官奥卢斯·鲁斯提乌斯·维鲁斯。其近年来在意大利南部的庞贝考古遗址——“面包房之屋”（House with the Bakery）的挖掘工作已经引起了广泛关注。在被称为“面包房之屋”的遗址上，研究人员最近发现了他们所称的“面包房监狱”，以及庞贝人对一种类似比萨的派的口味证据。

这些碎片自 2023 年挖掘开始以来一直被双重收集。宴会厅的顶棚通常是利用木结构和紧密捆绑的芦苇制成的“假穹顶”，随后覆盖上石灰层作为壁画的基础。随着时间的推移，有机部分分解了，因此幸存下来的很少，他解释道。

在公元 79 年被维苏威火山喷发出的数吨火山灰、岩石和火山砾掩埋后，庞贝在几个世纪以来成为了生命短暂和人类无能力的强力象征。在已挖掘出的部分中，仅有约 20 个顶棚幸存。

作为谜题而言，这个覆盖在一楼宴会厅的穹顶的完整重建注定将是惊人的。该遗址的考古学家亚历山德罗·鲁索解释说，这座穹顶是庞贝的一件稀有文物。

由于修复工作非常复杂，尽管目前已经发现了大约 1,000 个碎片，但只有约四分之一的顶棚被重新组合。其他碎片仍然缺失或尚未被鉴定。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 庞贝考古遗址“面包房之屋”中修复后的部分天花板。一个弯曲的支撑结构复制了天花板原始的形状。

这些碎片已被插入到一个复制其原始形状的弯曲支撑结构中，“这是整个项目中最具创新性的元素，”一名政府官员表示。

这种结构允许新碎片在出现时无缝添加，从而“将修复转变为一个开放且可更新的过程，”该政府官员说道。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 关联美联社/托尔伯·古斯塔夫森（TORBE GUSTAVSSON）。远景中，户川博士在 1987 年接受瑞典国王卡尔十六世·古斯塔夫颁发的诺贝尔奖。他是第一位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的日本科学家。

纽约时报 国际版 2026 年 7 月 28 日，星期二 | 3

世界 乌干达小镇坚守埃博拉防线 乌干达，邦迪布格约（BUNDIBUGYO）

REP.OF Bundibugyo fiat 9 Place that gave the name CONGO kampala to the current virus strain DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC stops it with a border rope < OF CONGO ; at AFRICA

meow I 作者：马修·姆波克·比格 (MATTHEW MPOKE BIGG) 一座横跨桥梁的绳索。这就是乌干达证明其与刚果民主共和国边境已关闭所需的全部。直到最近，跨越拉- [[SOURCE_CLEANUP_NOTE: La-]] 河的桥梁依然繁忙。乌干达农民前往刚果照看他们的庄稼，因为那里的土地更便宜。每天早晨，穿着亮色制服的刚果儿童走过这座桥，前往乌干达的乡村学校就读。但 5 月，随着乌干达宣布其与刚果之间超过 500 英里 (800 公里) 的主要边境关闭，桥上的交通陷入停滞。

[[IMG_XXXX]] — 细节区域 300 英里

纽约时报 (THE NEW YORK TIMES) 援引美国疾病控制与预防中心 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) 提及乌干达卫生官员的话称，这种专业知识在布恩迪布吉奥 (Bundibugyo) 产生的影响是，尽管河对岸威胁犹在，这里的生活依然照常进行，且该河段通常浅到可以直接涉水而过。这里的学校、商店和办公室依然开放，不过在公共场所的入口处设置了洗手站。人们在进行体育活动...

在镇政府办公室旁的场地上踢足球，每天傍晚如此。镇上没有人戴口罩。

一个坐在塑料椅子上的士兵，是近期下午乌干达这边唯一的生命迹象。而在刚果这边，一群妇女在河里洗衣服，然后把它们铺在石头上晾干。

“人们过去常跨境进入刚果去买木薯和香蕉，并把它们背在背上，”一名坐在小屋里扫描河流的乌干达情报官员穆加祖·菲利普（Mugaazu Philip）说道。但边境关闭在其他方面影响了家庭和企业。

埃博拉疫情在布恩迪布格约（Bundibugyo）引起了共鸣，这是乌干达靠近拉米亚（Lamia）的一个小镇。2007, 这里的科学家发现了某种不寻常的埃博拉物种，并以该镇命名。科学家表示，果蝠很可能是埃博拉病毒的潜在宿主，随后可传播给其他动物（包括猴子）并进入人体。

这次新疫情勾起了一些卫生工作者痛苦的回忆，他们在布恩迪布格约目睹了同事在近二十年前死于一种直到出现数周后才被鉴定为埃博拉的疾病。接着轮到了基苏古先生（Mr. Kisughu）的遭遇。

自从最初的埃博拉疫情在近二十年前爆发以来，布恩迪布格约发生了很大变化。居民表示，人们正在放弃生存农业，转而种植可可，这促使更多人进入现金经济。可可树以其独特的大叶子和球状荚果，现在主导了布恩迪布格约周围的景观。

居民表示，这种转变或许可以解释为什么人们停止在镇上食用野生动物，包括蝙蝠和猴子。此外，附近两个国家公园的建立，使得人们更难猎捕野生动物。

今年，布恩迪布格约病毒卷土重来，这次是在刚果东部。该物种极其罕见，令卫生官员措手不及。他们一直在检测更常见的埃博拉类型。埃齐基尔·基苏古（Ezekiel Kisughu），布恩迪布格约的一名护士，在接收跨境就诊的患者时，最初的检测结果呈阴性。

世界卫生组织宣布在刚果东部爆发新疫情。布恩迪布格约最高卫生官员克里斯托弗·基伊塔（Christopher Kiyita）博士表示，在他工作的 15 年中，他在国家政府的支持下应对过多次埃博拉疫情。他说，他经常开车前往首都参加重要会议。

国际公共卫生专家表示，在疫情期间关闭边境是适得其反的，因为这会惩罚那些诚实报告病毒情况的国家。尽管几位居民表示这损害了经济，但关闭边境仍是国家政策。米伦贝·马文（Mirembe Marvin），一所简陋的乡村小学校长，表示维持学校运营变得越来越困难。过去在边境赚钱的家长现在难以支付学费。“他们习惯于在刚果贸易，但现在不行了，”他说。

本月有一天，学校的老师向孩子们演示如何观察埃博拉的迹象以及如何彻底洗手。他们站在校园里排成半圆形，在手指上涂抹肥皂，并揉搓指甲下方。

[[IMG_XXXX]] （图中自上起顺时针方向：布恩迪布格约西兰幼儿园小学（Westland Nursery and Primary School）的学生在学习如何正确洗手；一条细绳标记着乌干达与刚果民主共和国之间关闭的边界；一名乌干达红十字会成员正在开展埃博拉宣传活动）

在 Bundibugyo 的医院里，他于 10 月被感染。他说他勉强生存了下来。乌干达在寻求在乌干达医院治疗方面取得了全球进展。尽管有所变化，但 Kisughu 先生在 2007 年治疗当地负责人时得知，这种疾病带来的创伤如此之大。除了两名患者死亡外，其他人都康复了。其他人被送往医院时病情危重。护士说，由于靠近刚果，Bundibugyo 容易受到传染病的影响，包括 H.LV.、Covid-19 和埃博拉。虽然该疾病在刚果的社区中肆虐，但乌干达似乎已将其控制。Bundibugyo 本月表示，该病毒已导致 1,300 多人死亡并造成感染。在医院里，他说有 20 例确诊的埃博拉疫情。在刚果至少有 3,000 例，但警告称该国的实际数字可能是两到 4 倍。乌干达匆忙关闭了与刚果的边境。世界卫生组织宣布，该镇正面临埃博拉爆发，而他当时仍处于隔离状态，当局在释放他时，他记得被释放的确切日期：Dec. 7, 2007。世卫组织表示，该镇正在应对埃博拉疫情。

“人们以为可能是中毒，”他说。“我们称之为‘未知疾病’。”他说：“我们的边境性质很复杂，它是多孔的，我们相互依赖。”他说，当时没有任何护士拥有防护装备，也没有相关信息。他回忆道，患者们相继死亡，随后一名接一名的护士也开始发病。在被释放后的几个月里，他说，由于这种疾病的污名化，镇上的人将他视为贱民。

Wessam Mankoula 领导该国的埃博拉响应小组（隶属于非洲中心），他表示，该国在一个多月内没有登记过新病例。在那些患者中，有 15 人来自 Bundibugyo。

Musinguzi Blanshe 对本报道做出了贡献。

受到足球污名化的伤害，阿根廷人开始反击 布宜诺斯艾利斯 作者：EMMA BUBOLA 和 DANIEL POLITI

但这种反阿根廷情绪是对原住民及黑人群体在阿根廷境内的关系及其待遇的关注，进而演变成对整个阿根廷社会、历史以及国家本身的更广泛批判。阿根廷研究员 Daniel Schteingart 在社交媒体上指出，根据“综合价值调查”（Integrated Values Survey）——一项衡量数十个国家价值观的研究和调查——发现，4 percent 的阿根廷人表示他们不喜欢移民做邻居，而少于 3 percent 的人会反对一个不同种族的邻居。这些数据来自 2007 年最近的一项调查。

演员塞缪尔·杰克逊（Samuel L. Jackson）在 Instagram 故事中发帖，敦促黑人球迷不要支持阿根廷队，因为阿根廷在历史上是“世界上最种族主义的国家之一，如果不是最严重的，也接近了”。

美国喜剧演员 Eric André 在一段充满脏话的 Instagram 故事中庆祝阿根廷在对阵西班牙的比赛中失利，并在其中指责阿根廷。

在本月观看国家队在世界杯决赛中的决定性失败以及利昂内尔·梅西（Lionel Messi）流泪之后，阿根廷球迷感受到了某种巨大的、持续的全球性民族仇恨浪潮。

对于那些具有原住民血统的阿根廷人来说，他们正通过在 Instagram 上发布名为 “Identidad Marrón” 或 “棕色身份” 的帖子，表达他们已经受够了这种局面。

原住民和黑人曾经在成为阿根廷的那个地区的总人口中占据更大的份额。

这种下降有许多原因。黑人男性被重复且不成比例地动员参加战争，而贫困的生活条件导致了高婴儿死亡率和较低的出生率。异族通婚改变了许多后代的分类方式，而大规模的欧洲移民减少了他们的比例。

对立的队伍，被指责为种族主义、暴力且充满犯罪。在一项 2017 和 2022 之间进行的研究中，黑人群体的相对规模。各种类型以及社交媒体的激增。安德烈先生在的一份声明中表示，他们处于世界最低之列。这有助于巩固一种持久的印象——他们的蔑视不仅针对阿根廷队，还针对这个国家。这很有道理：阿根廷在 19 世纪向移民开放了大门，并拥有全球最友好的移民法之一，”施泰因加特先生写道。他指的是阿根廷的历史，即将其视为一个白人、欧洲国家，而政府的政策并非针对每一个公民。杰克逊先生的一位代表没有回应置评请求。

Identidad Marr6n 等组织表示，阿根廷实际上拥有更加多样化的种族混合。

[[IMG_XXXX]] HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES 阿根廷与西班牙世界杯决赛后的冲突。

“我们输了，现在我们被各种各样地辱骂，”一名阿根廷研究员梅塞德斯·马斯佩罗（Mercedes Maspero）说道。她分享了在 Instagram 上发布的（且已道歉的）内容，这些内容被解读为是对阿根廷的批评。

这种敌意部分源于关于阿根廷得到了足球管理机构 FIFA 及其球队演员和名人支持的猜测。许多人利用阿根廷国家队没有任何黑人球员的指控来加强他们的批评。一些评论员试图探讨并简化这场辩论。

在 7 月 19 日的决赛后发生的激烈冲突中，几名阿根廷球员和工作人员袭击了西班牙对手。阿根廷人似乎太沉溺于将 2022 年世界杯的冠军变成了 2026 年的恶棍。

对阿根廷的谴责在决赛前几周就开始了，但“世界杯提供了一种国际法庭，在这种法庭中，阿根廷是被告”，一名记者说道。

对此，罗森布拉特补充道：“他们嫉妒我们。” 许多人通过在 Instagram 上发布内容来回应。“我们擅长几乎所有事情。”

指出真实存在的问题是一回事；将整个国家漫画化则是另一回事，施泰因加特先生写道。

这种批评还与那些无法解释我们的历史、社会和文明的联系有关。

对阿根廷的谴责在决赛前几周就开始了，但种族主义口号以及球队对对手有时具有攻击性的比赛风格。

部分原因在于，尽管米莱政府实施了一些限制，但阿根廷的移民政策仍然远不如特朗普总统领导下的美国那样严格。

在这种背景下，Identidad Marr6n 等团体甚至在美国国会举行了听证会。

这些谴责中，许多阿根廷人谴责了球员和球迷的种族主义口号，以及球队对对手的身体攻击。阿根廷人似乎认为，如果这样如此简单，就意味着那些拥有更多非洲后裔球员的国家属于那些……

阿根廷历史上为移民提供了广泛的公共教育和医疗服务，同时提供了获得合法居留权的便捷途径。其中包括许多原住民后裔，其中就包括阿根廷的足球半神迭戈·马拉多纳，他以其原生的瓜拉尼根源而闻名。它在官方历史中弱化并抹去了其非洲根源。

“被指控，”佩德罗·罗森布拉特（Pedro Rosemblat）说道，他是一位著名的阿根廷记者。他在直播节目中表示，像许多人一样，他的国家在种族主义方面存在问题。但他们拒绝接受这种问题行为在锦标赛期间对他国产生的影响。

种族主义事件一直是欧洲足球数十年来的阴暗面，但近年来已经带来了更严厉的处罚。相比之下，阿根廷尚未经历类似的清算，随意的侮辱和种族暗示仍然在被使用。露西亚·乔拉基安·埃雷拉（Lucia Cholakian Herrera）和娜塔莉·阿尔科巴（Natalie Alcoba）对此贡献了来自布宜诺斯艾利斯的报道。

“阿根廷有其一部分种族主义，但并不比其他任何拉美国家多，”一个由该群体成员组成的反种族主义组织成员、原住民后裔律师亚历山德罗·马尼亚（Alejandro Mani）表示，“而且这种裁决来自阿根廷境内的人，他们认为应当尊重他们的权利。”

他表示，这导致了对其国家和球队的大范围污名化。即便在 2024 年，一个关于阿根廷球员在决赛失利后被拍到唱种族主义歌曲的事件在今年再次浮现。一名阿根廷球迷显然也向 IShowSpeed（一名黑人主播和社交媒体影响力者）发出了种族主义谩骂。甚至总统哈维尔·米莱（Javier Milei）也对针对他们的指责表示，这种愤怒源于全球对他们的仇恨。

世界杯引发的批评还导致了更广泛的审视。他们承认，他们的国家，就像许多其他国家一样，在种族主义问题上存在缺陷。但他们认为，那些曾发动战争、从事殖民活动并与排外主义作斗争的欧洲国家，不应将其历史的阴暗面视作理所当然。他们感叹美国，在他们的边界、在他们的海域，会有尸体和充气艇漂流。

对种族问题的审视 4 | 28, 2026 星期二 纽约时报 国际版

世界

停战的庆祝演变为升级

【OCR清理说明：er aT = 】

华盛顿 迈克尔·克劳利（MICHAEL CROWLEY） 报道

7月 11 日，伊朗表示将关闭海峡“直到美国对其地区的干涉结束”。这就是特朗普总统宣布与伊朗在 6 月 14 日达成停火协议的方式，该协议停止了美国的作战行动，并向商业航运重新开放了霍尔木兹海峡。

特朗普总统对该协议感到满意，因为该协议承诺将迅速结束冲突，并缓解美国汽油价格的飙升。“世界各地的船只，启动发动机。让石油流动起来！”他写道。

然而，在不到一个月的时间里，协议就陷入了崩溃。美国和伊朗军队再次开始相互攻击，船只因担心伊朗的袭击而再次开始避开该海峡。在最近几周大幅下跌后，油价在周四再次短暂突破每桶 $100。

然而，特朗普警告说，此类谈判将是“浪费时间”，抱怨伊朗在与美国总统的谈判中有着欺骗性地“顺从”的历史。“与伊斯兰共和国的交易现在已经完成。祝贺所有人！”

与此同时，特朗普政府的官员表示，一个被剥夺石油收入的伊朗在面对美国要求开放海峡并放弃大部分或全部核计划的压力下，能坚持的时间有限。

但伊朗至少通过在短暂停战期间出售价值高达 $6 billion 的石油为自己争取了更多时间，根据鹰派智库 United 的说法，这些石油主要销往中国买家，以规避美国制裁。

7 两天后，特朗普重新实施了在停火协议作为一部分而取消的对伊朗港口的海军封锁，切断了德黑兰获利的黑市销售。随着大多数船只再次避开海峡，冲突回到了停火前的状态。

反对核伊朗。哪里出了错？以下是事情如何崩塌的。

升级与更多伤亡 到 7 月中旬，双方每天都在进行打击。伊朗对约旦境内美国导弹防御设施的袭击在 7 月 17 和 18 日导致三名美国服务人员丧生。另一名美国人在处理一架被击落的伊朗攻击无人机时在伊拉克北部丧生。在一次接回士兵遗骸的仪式上，特朗普先生试图提醒美国人他为何与伊朗开战。“他们都说得非常强硬：‘我们不能让伊朗拥有核武器，’”特朗普先生在提到这些士兵时说道。（他没有说明自己是如何知道他们的看法的。）

这些死亡人数将这场战争的美国死亡人数增加到了 18。

据估计，战争中约有 1,700 名伊朗平民被杀。

分崩离析 7 月 4 日，伊朗为在战争开始时 2 月 28 日的一次美国空袭中丧生的前最高领袖阿里·哈梅内伊举行了为期一天的葬礼。德黑兰的巨大人群要求复仇，并扛着至少一面巨型横幅，誓要杀死美国总统。

三天后，即 7 月 7 日，海峡中又有三艘油轮遭到袭击，美国将此次行动归咎于伊朗。

这对特朗普先生来说已经足够了。他宣布停火“结束”并撤销了伊朗在公开市场上出售石油的能力，通过恢复美国对任何买家的制裁来实现。

根据美国官员的说法，特朗普先生已决定推迟升级美国对伊朗袭击的计划，至少在目前如此。

[[IMG_KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES]]

停火生效 6 月 17 日签署的特朗普先生与伊朗的协议起初看起来是成功的。美国停止轰炸，并在 7 月 17 和 18 日允许伊朗暂时出售并运输其石油。伊朗起初并未干扰通过该海峡航行的船只。随着油轮再次通过这条至关重要的水路，全球油价大跌。

但分析人士警告称，建立停火协议的 14 点文件过于含糊。虽然特朗普先生表示它恢复了海峡的航行自由，但伊朗明确表示，它认为自己控制着在停火前就已经建立的沿其海岸的北部航线。

伊朗对这些水域航行的船只收取费用，但其前最高领袖保证了安全通过作为回报。

在停火协议下，伊朗同意仅在 60 天内向船只收费。特朗普先生表示，他的政府将拒绝任何包含通过海峡航运费用或通行费的最终和平协议。

6 月 21 日，副总统 JD Vance 飞往瑞士，与伊朗官员启动谈判，由停火协议概述，旨在达成一项更全面的协议，以决定海峡的长期未来以及伊朗的核计划。

海峡风云 海峡并未完全恢复正常。在南部航线上，伊朗官员要求船只必须仅使用北部航线。他们表示，只有这样伊朗才能确保其安全，但在批评者看来，这无异于一种保护敲诈。

战斗升级了。美国军队在近两周内每天袭击伊朗。特朗普先生威胁说，将通过袭击伊朗的桥梁和发电厂来回应更多对船只的袭击——如果目标没有军事功能，这可能构成战争罪。

包括卡塔尔和巴基斯坦在内的地区调解员一直试图促成一项新的停火协议。

根据美国官员的说法，战争初期布设的伊朗水雷在长期使用的通过海峡中心地带的官方航线上仍然构成威胁，导致该路径不安全。它们的清除……

需要时间。在 6 月 25 和 27 日，伊朗发动了攻击。但特朗普先生面临着一个新的威胁。在也门，胡塞武装分子与伊朗关系密切，最近声称他们袭击了两艘沙特油轮，且在红海实施攻击，并威胁将通过此类攻击支持其伊朗盟友。

出现了两条替代路线。大多数针对商业船只的无人机攻击都采用了南线。美国军队在红海为船只提供引导和部分空中支援，以保护船只免受伊朗水雷和潜在攻击的威胁。

次日，美国袭击了伊朗沿海的数十个目标，而伊朗则攻击了位于科威特、巴林和卡塔尔的更多美国军事设施。伊朗随后向约旦和巴林的美国基地发射了导弹。

两条路线中，大多数船只使用了由联合国海事机构指定的靠近阿曼的南线。

特朗普先生在 7 月 10 日正式通知国会，与伊朗的战争已经重启。但他在社交媒体上写道，他已同意伊朗的一项请求，继续与伊朗官员及地区调解员进行接触。

特朗普先生表示，他将以“重大军事惩罚”回应这些攻击。

原定于 6 月 28 日在美国和伊朗谈判代表之间举行的一次会议被取消。停火协议正在瓦解。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 泳池照片：FABRICE COPFRINI 上图：在特拉华州多佛空军基地举行的一场仪式，旨在纪念在约旦军事基地行动中阵亡的美国陆军士兵；上图：副总统 JD Vance

在战争的苦难中生存。伊朗历史经历了几个世纪的洗礼，却在现代战争中留下伤痕。

在我们的整个旅程中，随处可见袭击影响深远的提醒。在一家餐厅，一名工人在洗手间向我们表示，由于举行葬礼仪式，餐厅将被迫关闭，导致他失去了抚养家人的工资。他说话时耸了耸肩，似乎失望已变得过于平常，不再激起愤怒。对许多伊朗人来说，这场葬礼也成为了衡量国家状态的一种尺度。

在谢里夫理工大学（Sharif University of Technology）——伊朗顶尖的学术机构之一，遭损毁的建筑物已坍塌成混凝土堆和扭曲的金属。伊朗空间研究中心已沦为一团混乱的楼层。阿扎迪体育馆（Azadi sports complex）这一长期举办重大音乐会、体育赛事和活动的标志性场馆也成了受害者。

伊朗领导人可能希望削弱购买力。大学毕业生谈到难以找到稳定工作。有工作的人担心工资不再足够。

伊朗，接第 1 页

为了追求核武器。

华盛顿 作者：JULIAN E. BARNES

政权更迭是特朗普政府最初追求的目标。美国官员警告说，大多数情报机构认为，伊朗的新最高领袖，阿亚图拉·穆贾塔巴·哈梅内伊（Ayatollah Mojtaba Khamenei），比他的父亲和前任更热衷于追求核武器，这是向了解评估情况的官员们透露的。

许多美国官员认为，关于哈梅内伊观点的情报大多源自战争爆发前。他在战争的第一阶段受了重伤，美国官员表示，由于伤情反复以及为了避免成为空袭目标，他限制了沟通和公开露面。

优先事项。阿亚图拉·哈梅内伊的父亲在战争刚开始时被美国情报协助的以色列袭击所杀。官员们评估认为，他虽然仍掌控政府，但并不具备其父亲那样绝对的权威和影响力，而他的父亲曾统治了 36 年以上。

尽管美国官员长期主张伊朗希望具备制造核武器的能力，但许多人认为阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊的犹豫是真诚的。其继任者从未公开呼吁伊朗制造核武器。但美国情报机构认为，穆吉塔巴·哈梅内伊以及随之出现的更强硬的政府可能对追求核武器持开放态度。

这种破坏——以及高级军事、情报和政治领导人的被杀——笼罩在阿亚图拉的葬礼上，而葬礼正值穆哈兰月，即什叶派穆斯林纪念伊玛目胡赛因（先知穆罕默德之孙）殉教的月份。今年，近期战争的损失已被编织进那个关于牺牲和殉教的世纪之久的叙事中。

在马什哈德机场的到达大厅，展出了数十个大部分为粉色和蓝色的背包，以纪念在战争早期的美国袭击南部城市米纳的一所学校时被杀的孩子们。这些背包与玫瑰和儿童鞋放在一起。

许多哀悼者没有谈论妥协。他们想要报复。他们希望特朗普总统死去。对他们而言，外交就是软弱。

在城市集市的一家面包店，一名工人将他的侄子——一名在美军潜艇鱼雷击中其船只时丧生的水手——的照片贴在门上。

在德黑兰市中心的格兰莫萨拉礼拜建筑群，一名女性告诉我们，伊朗遭到了世界上最强大军队的袭击，但依然屹立不倒。

官员们评估认为，他仍出现在公开集会中，而那里已化为废墟。即使搭建了精心策划的悼念仪式——配备了喷雾站、免费饮用水和食物——但以色列官员表示，某些平民场所被伊朗安全部队用于产生收入或生产可用于军事目的的材料。

这一评估出炉之际，特朗普总统正权衡是否要加强对伊朗的军事行动。

我们的旅程在马什哈德结束，阿亚图拉·哈梅内伊将被安葬于此。来自世界各地的悼念者聚集在伊玛目礼萨神庙。即使在这里，战争的提醒也打断了虔诚。

虽然美国官员坚持认为，在美国和以色列杀掉许多伊朗前领导人后，德黑兰尚未采取任何重启其核计划的行动，但伊朗在去年美军袭击关键设施后，或在当前战争的停火期间，采取了一些措施来保存其核资产。

目前的政府已经努力加强对霍尔木兹海峡的控制，并证明自己是一个困难的谈判伙伴。如果美-以战争使得德黑兰更有可能（而非更不可能）追求核武器，那么这将成为杀掉达斯汀（Dustin）的又一个严重后果。

根据美国官员的说法，伊朗已将至少部分离心机转移到美国称之为“镐山”（Pickaxe Mountain）的伊朗中部一个高度加固的地下综合设施中。

Volz 和 Michael Crowley 共同报道。

那在她看来，已足以算作胜利。

一名男子拿着一份发黄的报纸，那是阿亚图拉·鲁霍拉·霍梅尼（Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini）时期的报纸，霍梅尼于 1989 年去世。报纸上刊登了他的宣言：“任何人都没有权利与美国谈判。”在他身旁，他举着一块手写的标牌，上面写着：“这就是谈判的结果。”

停火协议已经开始瓦解，引发的一波战斗再次吞没更广泛的地区。在阿亚图拉被安葬数小时后，我们驱车前往阿富汗边境。在移民压力巨大的地方，两名军官示意我走到他们的摊位前。其中一名军官只懂有限的英语，他在手机的翻译软件中输入了一些词，然后将屏幕举到我面前。

“你如何看待伊朗及其人民？”上面写着。仿佛阿亚图拉·哈梅内伊并没有去世一般。这种情绪在 Seyed Mustafa 身上也得到了共鸣，他是一位来自西南部城市阿巴兹（Ahvaz）的商人。“抵抗和复仇是唯一的前行之路，”他说。

当我们看到强大的伊斯兰革命卫队后来的指挥官艾哈迈德·瓦希迪（Ahmad Vahidi）准将出现时，在我们用餐的一家餐厅里，音箱中传出带有女歌手配音的音乐。就在几周前，一名女歌手因为在演出时未佩戴希贾布（hijab）而被判处 74 次鞭刑。

环顾四周，一名政府导游评论道，几乎带着恐惧与希望：“你觉得我们强大吗？”他微笑着问道。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 摄影：EMILE DUCKE 为《纽约时报》拍摄 上图：德黑兰大穆萨拉（Grand Mosalla）祈祷区在为国家最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊（Ayatollah Ali Khamenei）举行的葬礼期间的哀悼者，他将被安葬在马什哈德（Mashhad）；下图：马什哈德机场展示的背包，纪念战争初期美国袭击南部城市米纳布（Minab）的一所学校而丧生的儿童。

在葬礼祈祷之后，“复仇！复仇！”的呼喊在人群中起伏。

此时，豪车在夜间车流中缓慢前行。纹身青年穿着短裤，鼻部刚做了美容手术，还贴着新鲜的绷带。身着露肩上衣的女性骑着摩托车，长发在身后飘扬。

日常生存 在政治之下，另一场危机贯穿于许多对话之中：维持生计的挣扎。在很多方面，这些问题一直伴随我们整个旅程。

这场战争加速了许多伊朗人多年来因制裁、腐败和经济孤立而感受到的财务压力。长达数月的互联网中断重创了企业，包括北德黑兰（north Tehran）高端地区的部分店铺、咖啡馆和精品店，甚至导致了伊朗繁忙的技术部门出现大规模裁员。货币急剧贬值。

平行世界 就在哀悼者聚集数日的地方几英里外，呈现出完全不同的景象。在伊朗，年轻人聚集在三明治店里。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 由 VANTOR 提供的卫星图像显示了位于 Pickaxe Mountain 隧道入口处的情况，美国官员表示，伊朗已将离心机等核资产转移至此处。 VANTOR, VA REUTERS

《纽约时报》国际版 2026 年 7 月 28 日，星期二 | 5

WORLD

逮捕后，兄弟俩的右翼盟友陷入沉默 MEGAN TWOHEY, ISABELLA KWAI, MATEI BARBULESCU 和 ALAN FEUER 报道

支持似乎正在消失。在今年 1 月的一次迈阿密之行中，一段视频被广泛传阅，内容是“男性圈”（manosphere）的领导者与 Nicholas J. Fuentess 及其他极右翼影响者在一家俱乐部派对，而说唱歌手 Ye（原名 Kanye West）的歌曲《Heil Hitler》在扬声器中大作。

他们没有去英国，因为在那里他们不仅面临 2024 刑事指控，还面临着针对其他指控的持续调查。

7 月 19, 上午，在“男性圈”影响者 Andrew Tate 和 Tristan Tate 被联邦特工在迈阿密逮捕数小时后，他们的一名代表联系了 Alina Habba。

不久前，律师 Habba 女士曾是 Tate 兄弟的坚定支持者，当时他们面临在罗马尼亚和英国的人口贩卖及其他严重犯罪指控。在 2025, 1 月的一次播客节目中，在被任命为特朗普总统顾问后不久，她告诉 Andrew Tate：“我会在这里帮你们的。”

现在，由于英国请求引渡他们以应对那里的一系列新刑事指控，兄弟俩被关在联邦拘留中心，据《伦敦时报》率先报道。他们的代表 Jury 先生的律师事务所通过中间人传递了信息，想询问：Habba 女士是否方便交谈？

据两名熟悉此次接触的人士称，她没有回应。这标志着兄弟俩在一次美国右翼盟友中的支持正在瓦解。

近年来，Tate 兄弟利用他们庞大的年轻男性追随者群体，在特朗普的顾问、家人和其他知名保守派人士中培养支持。

这些努力在去年得到了回报。在感受到来自华盛顿新特朗普政府成员的压力后，罗马尼亚检察官取消了对兄弟俩的旅行禁令，允许他们在 2025. 离开该国并环游世界。

但他们现在面临着新级别的法律危机。英国已发布 38 项新刑事指控。

在被捕前的几天里，兄弟俩一直在社交媒体上发布他们在哪里：

[[IMG_XXXX]] 【OCR清理说明：图中文字为 ANDREI PUNGOVSCHY/GETTY IMAGES。上方为 Andrew Tate（右）和 Tristan Tate（右二）与 Zampolli 先生派对。左侧为 Tucker Carlson，他曾对 Tate 兄弟进行过表示同情的采访；以及 Alina Habba，前特朗普顾问，她曾告诉 Andrew Tate 在...】

在迈阿密，一名警察监管小组表示，他们正在审查最初调查 Andrew Tate 2015. 强奸和性侵指控的警员是否存在潜在的不当行为。随后，英国警方开启了那项调查。

去年，在 Tate 兄弟访问佛罗里达州后，该州总检察长 James Uthmeier 对兄弟俩展开了调查。他的办公室还向在英国的律师 Matthew Jury 发送了电子邮件，承诺如果英国请求引渡将提供协助。

Tate 兄弟于 7 月 18 在抵达一场 Andrew 应当共同主持的徒手拳击活动时被逮捕。英国检察官表示，指控源于 2010 7 月至 2017. 8 月期间发生的事件。

McBride 先生在声明中表示，引渡请求已获得批准。

播客中说道，“我在这儿支持你。”这句话出自一名“司法部低级别职员，他从未获得领导层的批准”。但该机构的高层确实批准了逮捕行动，一名知情人士告诉记者，该人士未获授权讨论此事。

“我不知道他们被捕是因为涉及物料，”赞波利（Zampolli）先生在一次采访中地说。

并非所有人都在与特特兄弟（Tates）切割。来自亚利桑那州的共和党众议员阿比·哈曼（Abe Hamadeh）在社交媒体上写道，“政治法律战正在进行中”，反对将他们引渡。

曾经称安德鲁·特特（Andrew Tate）为朋友并公开为其辩护免受先前刑事指控的小唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump Jr.），对此类逮捕并未发表任何评论。他的弟弟巴伦·特朗普（Barron Trump）此前也与安德鲁关系友好，同样没有发声。保守派人士、曾在其受欢迎节目中支持两兄弟的坎迪斯·欧文斯（Candace Owens）也保持沉默。

保守派媒体明星塔克·卡尔森（Tucker Carlson）曾对特特兄弟进行过同情式的采访，他在接受《纽约时报》采访时在没有证据的情况下表示，他认为他们的被捕与他们对以色列的直言不讳有关。

卡尔森说：“在数十年忽视诱拐犯罪并为杰弗里·爱泼斯坦（Jeffrey Epstein）打掩护之后，许多曾经乐于与其超男子气概品牌关联的总统圈内支持者，现在似乎都在疏远。”

据知情人士透露，特特兄弟利用其庞大的年轻男性追随者群体，首先在英国，随后在罗马尼亚培养支持，并通过向年轻人销售在线课程获利。其中一项课程名为“PH.D.”，意为“皮条客学位”（Pimping Hoes Degree）。

洛伦·萨瑟恩（Lauren Southern）曾是一名保守派影响者，她指控安德鲁·特特在罗马尼亚强奸她并促使他人从事性犯罪。她向罗马尼亚当局提供了证词。罗马尼亚在对他们展开调查后，指控他们强奸和性贩卖；安德鲁·特特还被指控持有极端色情制品和儿童不雅图像。特特兄弟否认所有刑事指控，称这些指控是政治操纵。特特兄弟目前仍被羁押在佛罗里达州。

一名联邦法官目前正在审理英国的引渡请求，考虑英国是否达到了引渡的法律门槛，这一过程可能需要数月之久。如果法官签署引渡请求，该请求将提交给国务卿马尔科·卢比奥进行最终批准。

特朗普先生不计划干预此案，白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特（Karoline Leavitt）如此表示。

上周在马尼拉旅行时，当被问及该请求时，卢比奥先生表示，在法官审理此事的期间，“我们目前或以后可能都没有发挥作用的空间”。

哈巴女士已不在政府任职，但仍与特朗普先生沟通。她希望在法庭上专注于对抗引渡请求，而不是寻求英国和美国政府的帮助。私下里，接近小唐纳德的人表示，他似乎已经失去了对此感兴趣的意愿。他表示，他不知道特特兄弟的代表已经联系了哈巴女士。

ties，是那些庆祝保罗·因格拉西亚（Paul Ingrassia）的人之一，这位代理总政务管理署（General Services Administration）法律顾问曾任职于——

在 2022 年。两年后，关于引渡请求的消息传来。英国检察官指控兄弟俩犯有强奸、性侵犯和人口贩卖罪。两国均同意，英国将等待罗马尼亚的刑事调查完成后，再决定是否将他们引渡。

他们在告诉《纽约时报》时说：“现在有理由让那些支持正义的人庆祝他们的清算，而且突然之间，每个人都想假装他们与构建这个怪兽毫无关系。”

近年来，只有一次美国拒绝了英国的引渡请求。因格拉西亚先生表示，由于政府在法律案件中所扮演的角色，他现在采取更为中立的立场。

特特兄弟拥有美国和英国双重国籍，是通过经营在线色情业务积累财富的。自 2025 年 2 月从罗马尼亚获释以来，特特兄弟一直生活在[此处文本缺失]，花费大量时间在美国。

约瑟夫·麦布赖德（Joseph McBride）先生表示，特特兄弟在[此处文本缺失]，而杰克逊（Jackson）先生则是一位政治资深人士。

报道由迈克尔·克劳利（Michael Crowley）、肖恩·麦克里什（Shawn McCreesh）、大卫·欧瓦尔（David Ovalle）和埃德·王（Ed Wong）共同贡献。

---

民主党重新调整缅因州参议院选战。现在情况变得复杂了。

缅因州班戈（BANGOR, MAINE） 作者：里德·J·埃普斯坦（REID J. EPSTEIN）与杰西·比德古德（JESS BIDGOOD）

在经历了一场混乱的紧急更换后，缅因州的民主党人重新调整了一场被认为对其党派夺回议会控制权至关重要的参议院选战，用新候选人特洛伊·杰克逊（Troy Jackson）替换了受损的候选人格雷厄姆·普拉特纳（Graham Platner），整个过程持续了 17 天。

现在进入复杂阶段。杰克逊先生是一名首次参选人，而普拉特纳先生则是政治老手。

“特洛伊，我认识他已经 20 年多了。他是奥古斯塔（Augusta）的内部人士，在那里工作了 24 年，所以这与格雷厄姆·普拉特纳试图塑造的形象完全不同，”柯林斯（Collins）女士在卡斯科（Casco）表示。

柯林斯女士现任参议院拨款委员会主席，她同样在政府部门深耕数十年。凭借她为缅因州带来的联邦资金和定位，她已四次赢得连任。

---

……已淡化他与特特兄弟的关系，批评以色列，而且我……此时没有理由……

在 7 月 18 日特里斯坦·特特（Tristan Tate）发推文后不久，有人在 X 上发帖批评“政治驱动的起诉”。在与《纽约时报》本月的通话中，著名共和党操盘手罗杰·斯通（Roger Stone）表示，他在得知逮捕消息前就这样做了，该帖仅仅是关于他们的逮捕。

而保罗·赞波利（Paolo Zampolli），这位曾邀请特特兄弟前往华盛顿参加派对的特朗普特别特使，在特特兄弟被捕后对安德鲁（Andrew）大加赞赏。

当《纽约时报》问及他对特特兄弟被捕的看法时，他表示不确定是否有任何此前支持这两人且曾乘坐空军一号降临的特朗普官员现在采取中立立场。

一名人士称，他尚未与行政部门的任何人交谈。有人提醒说，在某些情况下，他们愿意采取行动。

特特兄弟的法律团队对此类支持的说法表示异议，称其已经削弱。他表示不确定。

“这是一个非常美好的周末，因为我们认为我们将在法庭上获胜，”麦布赖德先生说。

前州参议员将她描述为一名独立之声。作为总统，她正试图维持普拉特纳先生在过去一年建立的草根能量，同时将自己与前候选人的个人历史区分开来。在她的盟友帮助下，五任共和党参议员苏珊·柯林斯（Susan Collins）表示，她将继续为此据理力争。

“我将强调资历的重要性，”柯林斯女士说。

两党均在为激烈的竞争做准备

柯林斯女士在 2020 年以 51 的得票率获胜，当时由于两名独立候选人的出现，共和党阵营陷入分裂。这一次，她在政治环境中将仅面对杰克逊先生，民调显示，这次竞选可能比六年前对共和党人而言更为不利。

这种动态正开始塑造一场 100-day contest，这场竞选将决定比赛的胜负。

SOPHIE PARK 为 纽约时报 拍摄 / ALEX KENT 为 纽约时报 拍摄 特洛伊·杰克逊（Troy Jackson，左），在缅因州竞选参议员的民主党人，试图将他的共和党对手苏珊·柯林斯参议员（右）描绘成总统特朗普的橡皮图章。

杰克逊先生试图将两名民主党人联系在一起，用共和党人希望能够疏远摇摆选民的方式。他要求缅因州民主党人在周六的集会上保证他将保护劳工权利。当被问及是否有足够的资金维持其领导角色时，杰克逊先生回答道：“现在还没有，但我希望能拿到。”

在缅因州有限的公开民调中，结果大致显示这场参议院竞争将非常激烈。两党支持者似乎都决心确保没人忘记这一点。

而民主党人在周六的舞台上从未一次提到过普拉特纳先生的名字，柯林斯女士在周六前的一次简短采访中表示。

“特洛伊不是一个受过正规训练的钢琴家，”前缅因州民主党主席贝芙·乌伦哈克（Bev Uhlenhake）说。“他听起来不像一个典型的政治家。我认为对缅因州人来说，那是没问题的。他们想要一个能弹钢琴并让人们跳舞的人来到这里。”

柯林斯女士的竞选共同主席乔什·塔迪（Josh Tardy）表示，普拉特纳的候选资格“是那个不断延续的礼物”。

要证明这一点，杰克逊先生需要克服在 era. 的逆风，成为自乔治·米切尔（George Mitchell）在 1988 年赢得连任以来，首位赢得缅因州参议员席位的民主党人。

这场竞选将测试是否

在缅因州北部森林的政府熟悉之面孔以及第五代伐木工的帮助下，杰克逊先生正尝试将一名资金充足的现任者描绘成远离主流的人，并将其作为攻击普拉特纳竞选的论点。

而杰克逊先生和缅因州民主党人则在对柯林斯女士提出质疑。

“她 96 的时间都在与他投票，”杰克逊先生在周六谈到柯林斯女士时说。“她帮助企业获得了巨额减税，而我们则为此承受代价。而且她投票确认了卡瓦诺（Kavanaugh）和戈苏奇（Gorsuch），这两位推翻了‘罗诉韦德案’（Roe v. Wade）的最高法院法官。”

“我可能的新对手采用了与我的旧对手完全相同的平台，”她说。

这场竞选将测试是否

Mr. Jack- 社会主义平台，而且非常相似。两周前在零资金的情况下开始，但在内容创作已成为关键的时代，Collins 关注政策，一些 Ms. tor 缅因州的安格斯·金（Angus King）与儿子一起可以摆脱负担，因此问题并没有改变。”能够快速筹集大量资金。Ms. Collins 运动建设的关键部分，Mr. Collins 的盟友首先将攻击目标对准民主党人，但他是以一名独立候选人的身份当选的。）在一名他否认的强奸指控后，Platner 先生退出了竞选，根据她最新的竞选资金报告，到 6 月底他拥有 $11 million，而 Jackson 先生需要做大量工作。他目前的 Instagram 关注人数仅为 Platner 先生的十分之一。

杰克逊的策略

报告称，前立法同事们在揭露了一个类似于纳粹符号的纹身以及一系列冒犯性的在线帖子后，对 Jackson 先生的人格进行了攻击。就他个人而言，Jackson 先生在被问及是否有任何证据证明他容易愤怒时，并未直接回答。

周五晚上，Mr. Trump 称 Jackson 先生为“另一个疯子”。在会议开幕后几分钟，他就通过一段关于 Jackson 先生的广告对他进行了攻击，此时 Jackson 先生刚刚被命名为被提名人。

众所周知，Jackson 先生计划做什么：将 Ms. Collins 与 Mr. Trump 绑定，后者在缅因州的三次总统竞选活动中均输掉了全州选票。通过用 Mr. Jackson 替代 Mr. Platner，缅因州民主党人希望将这场竞争的重心从他们的候选人转移开，更多地将 Ms. Collins 描绘成超级富豪的工具以及在最紧要问题上对特朗普总统点头称是的橡皮图章。

在周六的会议上，民主党选择了 Mr. Jackson 作为他们的新候选人，发言者接连不断。Mr. Jackson 在会议后告诉记者，他与 Graham Platner “非常像”，但他还没有与他交谈过。

纽约州参议员查克·舒默（Chuck Schumer）——这位盟友控制着民主党主要超级 PAC 的少数党领袖，在会议上与两人紧紧握手。

这显示出这两个竞选人员在共同行动。

纽约时报 的政治分析员、缅因州资深民主党 operatives David Farmer 表示：“你可以被对方在资金上压制，但如果你能持续吸引人群的注意力，你就可以抵消资金优势。”

参议院共和党人的主要超级 PAC 宣布将在缅因州单独投入 $42 million。该 PAC 表示，“我不清楚两者之间是否存在明显差异，无论是关于分离，还是任何这类东西，”他说。

他引用了 Ms. Collins 对布雷特·卡瓦诺（Brett Kavanaugh）的投票，卡瓦诺是特朗普提名、Ms. Collins 投票支持的最高法院大法官。

Collins 的方法

但 Ms. Collins 也强调了她与来自缅因州卡斯科（Casco）的 Platner 先生之间的区别，而 Jackson 先生则说他将……

Esmé E. Deprez 贡献了相关报道。

“她为谁服务过？”Mr. Jackson 在声称她收到了一笔资金后确认。

Ms. Collins 及其盟友现在正竞相在花费 1 笔资金后定义一个新对手。

6 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WORLD

监狱将重新开放作为移民拘留场所

在最近的一份声明中，民主党人州长乔什·斯坦（Josh Stein）谴责了该设施的计划开放。他在社交媒体上写道：“计划在温顿（Winton）建立的 ICE 拘留中心并非州政府所有，我也未批准此次交易。就像许多其他北卡罗来纳州人一样，我不希望它出现在我们的州内。ICE 和边境巡逻队尚未赢得我们的信任。”

由于该县的高薪工作稀缺，一些人将新的 ICE 拘留中心视为经济生命线。另一些人则担心这里会成为移民打击行动中另一个具有高度争议的联邦机构前哨站。

数周以来，北卡罗来纳州温顿市长期关闭的曼特河教养所（Rivers Correctional Institution）附近的居民注意到，监狱大门内出现了卡车，人们在入口周围行走，且正在搭建围栏。该前教养所于 2021 年关闭，当时拜登政府采取行动结束与营利性监狱的合同。该机构计划在今年年底前在北卡罗来纳州东北部的综合体中开设一个拘留中心。该设施由 GEO Group 所有，该公司是美国最大的私营监狱运营商之一。

合同谈判正在进行中，但《纽约时报》获取的内部文件显示，该设施将拥有 1,400 张床位，使其成为东海岸最大的拘留中心之一。

该设施的开放——这是北卡罗来纳州首个此类设施——表明，即便 ICE 正在撤回其在美国各地购买仓库的计划，它仍决心作为特朗普政府大规模驱逐计划的一部分，增加拘留人员的能力。

特朗普政府依然决心在计划中增加拘留人员的能力。

《时报》在 6 月获取的文件显示，ICE 计划转让其斥资超过 $700 million 购买的几个仓库，从而缩减前国土安全部长克里斯蒂·诺姆（Kristi Noem）时期的一项标志性计划。

美国国土安全部本月向宾夕法尼亚州官员发送了一封信，称其不再需要最近签订的合同。

计划中的 ICE 设施将成为东海岸同类规模最大的设施之一 作者：EDUARDO MEDINA 和 HAMED ALEAZIZ

州内其他监狱一直难以招到员工，目前尚不清楚如果曼特河教养所重新开放，其情况会如何。

“我部分担心的是，我们还没有为那个地方开放时将要发生的事情做好准备，”在赫特福德县（Hertford County）教授非英语母语人士英语的詹妮弗·史密斯（Jennifer Smyth）说道。她说，即使该县没有增加更多的 ICE 逮捕行动，她仍然担心州内其他地区活动增加的情况。

居民表示，财务困难和创造就业的需求显而易见：温顿市中心有几栋废弃建筑，周边基础设施极易发生洪水。但一家钢铁制造商预计到 2030. 年将在赫特福德县带来 700 多个高薪工作岗位。在 GEO Group 的网站上，有一个关于曼特河设施维护经理的招聘岗位；最低薪资为 $72,800.。

勒罗伊·道格拉斯（Leroy Douglas）是一位在政治上认同独立人士的赫特福德县专员，他表示这两次致命事件……

一份关于 2016 年私营监狱的联邦报告发现，曼特河教养所的囚犯间性行为不端、暴力、走私违禁品（包括手机）以及毒品检测呈阳性的率最高。

在德克萨斯州发生的 ICE 特工枪击事件，以及计划在伯克斯县（Berks County）和缅因州使用一座仓库的情况，使得一些居民在自己的后院设立移民拘留设施时变得更加抵触。

但他也补充道，许多其他人则支持该计划，尤其是那些在 2021. 年里弗斯（Rivers）监狱关闭时失业的人。目前尚不清楚那里将雇佣多少当地居民。在 2021, 年，该监狱雇佣了约 300 人。

该机构必须在那些被认为对这类设施“更友好”且不禁止设立的地方寻找床位，克莱尔·特里克勒（Claire Trickler）表示。

但它继续与 GEO Group 等私营公司合作，重新利用北卡罗来纳州、科罗罗多州和亚利桑那州等地的现有监狱综合体，这些地方都有大量移民人口。

虽然他不认同 ICE 的许多激进手段，但曾在共和党和民主党政府中任职的前 ICE 官员道格拉斯·麦克纳尔蒂（Douglas McNulty）先生表示，他不认为特工会在赫特福德县（Hertford County）及其周边地区“肆意妄为”，因为这并非该计划的目的。

《纽约时报》获得的内部文件显示，U.S. 01 计划在 12 月底前在北卡罗来纳州温顿（Winton, N.C.）的旧里弗斯惩教机构（Rivers Correctional Institution）开设一家拘留中心。

“这将是一场我认为我们还没有准备好面对的旅程，”当地居民鲍比·雷·里迪克（Bobby Ray Riddick）说道。

与此同时，北卡罗来纳州及其周边各州被称为“拘留沙漠”。该地区的许多被拘留者通常被带到更南方的设施中——正如在过去两年合计期间，在北卡罗来纳州夏洛特（Charlotte, N.C.）的移民打击行动中所发生的那样——这增加了时间和资源的成本。

移民律师和倡导者表示，在弗吉尼亚州边境附近建立一个新的拘留中心可能会极大地……

内部文件显示，GEO Group 已将其公开，该公司未回应寻求评论的请求。

根据驱逐数据项目（Deportation Data Project），这些工作……

ICE 的发言人在一份声明中表示，该机构目前“没有计划宣布任何新的拘留中心”。

温顿设施将使北卡罗来纳州成为 ICE 在东海岸的主要拘留中心，卡罗来纳移民网络（Carolina Migrant Network）的共同创始人、移民权利组织成员法尼亚·阿特加（Fania Arteaga）表示。

在北卡罗来纳州赫特福德县，该县人口不足 20,000, 人，主要是黑人，并有海地和墨西哥社区。其贫困率为 23% 左右，几乎是全州平均水平的两倍。县城是温顿，一些当地官员对监狱重新开放表示担忧。

在推测该监狱重新开放的 Facebook 帖子中，评论区去年已演变成关于 ICE 和边境安全道德性的广泛辩论。当地活动人士已开始动员反对该设施，组织抗议活动，因为他们试图在政府计划处于秘密状态的情况下进行管理。

该地区还位于一个竞争激烈的民主党国会选区。

该声明称：“ICE 将在全美各州进行逮捕，并积极寻求扩大拘留空间。”

增加代理人的能力，华盛顿的 ICE 现场办公室计划表示。“这是我们在该地区遇到的最具有分歧的问题，”民主党参议员唐·戴维斯 (Don Davis) 说道。而当地县级官员们则被大量的询问所淹没。

为了在邻近各州拘留更多的人。一名因讨论私人规划而要求匿名的官员表示，该设施可能会在 9 月下旬就开放。

由于去年重新划定了选区，以有利于共和党候选人劳里·巴克霍特 (Laurie Buckhout)，该地区目前处于一种状态。

自特朗普总统于 2025 年 1 月就职以来，联邦移民局代理人已逮捕了 6,300 多人，而在北卡罗来纳州（该州拥有强大的立法控制力）逮捕的人数是之前逮捕人数的两倍。

波比·雷·里迪克 (Bobby Ray Riddick) 是一名退休的陆军上校，他多年前在一家鸡肉加工厂工作，也是其中之一。

无论是谁，也没有回应请求发表评论。

“这将是一场我认为我们还没准备好去面对的旅程，”里迪克先生说道。

在阿霍斯基 (Ahoskie)，距离温顿 (Winton) 约 10 英里 (16 公里) 处，负责管理拘留中心的韦灵·J·怀特 (Weyling J. White) 表示，他对建立一个由 ICE 运营的设施持有重大保留意见。

合同谈判尚未完成。

一场关于生与死之界限的日益激烈的争论 作者：POOJA SALHOTRA

像坎普 (Camp) 家族这样的法院挑战可以追溯到至少 2016 年，当时弗吉尼亚州一名 2 岁儿童的父母试图阻止医院在孩子因呛食爆米花而导致脑死亡测试后执行该操作。

脑死亡判定过程的一部分涉及呼吸暂停测试，即暂时停止机械通气（向肺部泵入空气），以观察身体是否在主动呼吸。如果该人没有尝试呼吸，则被判定为脑死亡。在弗吉尼亚州的案件中，家属表示该测试会导致二氧化碳危险积聚，这一测试是为了确认脑死亡的诊断，但法院判定家属败诉，且在弗吉尼亚州最高法院考虑上诉之前，该儿童已死亡。

护理她的医生最初认为她已经脑死亡。

但她的家人相信她可以恢复。

他们说，在将安妮莉丝 (Annelise) 转院至奥克什纳 (Ochsner) 医院后，他们陪伴在她身边祈祷。“安妮莉丝被认为不如其他病人，因为她没有意识，”西戈 (Seago) 先生说。“这就是我们在其他情况下反对的同一种歧视性观点。”

安妮莉丝·坎普 (Annelise Camp) 5 月在德克萨斯州的一个游泳池中被发现昏迷。她当时只有 2 岁，不清楚她浸在水下的时间有多长。

急救人员进行了心肺复苏 (CPR) 试图救活她。最终，出现了一次微弱的心跳，但这不足以在她的手腕上产生脉搏。她在休斯顿地区的一家医院被安置在呼吸机上。

脑死亡的概念于 20 世纪 60 年代后期引入，因为在复苏术和呼吸机方面的进步带来了新的伦理困境。当时，器官移植领域才刚刚起步。 1968 年，一个哈佛大学委员会发布了一份报告，定义了脑死亡。该文件为 1981 年的《统一死亡判定法》(Uniform Determination of Death Act) 奠定了基础，后者成为了法律模板。

最近，脑死亡的观点也变得更具争议，部分原因是近期新闻报道了患者在器官被移除用于移植时仍显示出生命迹象。

从历史上看，大多数捐献器官来自脑死亡的人，他们被暂时维持在机器上，仅为了维持器官功能，尽管这类器官无法无限期保持活性。

波普 (Pope) 先生说，这类故事在医疗系统中“播下了不信任的种子”。

这些案例反映了关于生命何时结束的法律和道德斗争中一个持续存在的新前沿。“此外，还有……”

“……其中包含一种信仰元素，”他说道。

在德克萨斯州法律以及大多数州法律中，医院可以在患者被宣告脑死亡后撤除生命维持措施，例如喂食管和呼吸机。根据美国神经病学学会的指南，由于医生有专业义务对脑死亡患者进行重新评估，因此没有义务在进行脑死亡测试前获得同意。

然而，一些问题仍然存在。例如，大多数州在其指南中并未明确规定医生在进行脑死亡测试前是否必须获得同意，从而为像坎普（Camp）一家提出的那样挑战留下了空间。

坎普一家的行为代表了一个新的战场。他们不再试图阻止撤除生命维持系统，而是通过起诉以阻止医生甚至进行脑死亡测试。他们认为，脑死亡的诊断与某些宗教信仰不符。

正因为如此，他们通过起诉来抢占先机，防止医生进行脑死亡测试。他们认为，这种诊断与某些宗教信仰不一致。

右翼生命权利活动人士认为，只要一个人的心脏在跳动——即使他或她依赖呼吸机供氧——此人就是活着的。由于他们的身体仍然温暖，心脏在呼吸机的帮助下仍在跳动，他们并不一定看起来像已死亡。这可能让家属更难接受该诊断。

脑死亡的概念还与某些认为只要心脏能泵血，灵魂就依然存在的宗教信仰相冲突。

在这种挑战中，就像坎普案一样，争议在继续。有些人不接受脑死亡，而另一些人则相信神圣干预。

‘马特·帕特森（MATT PATTERSON），经美联社提供’

波普（Pope）先生，一位法学教授，补充说，脑死亡患者在失去意识后，其身体功能仍能维持。位于路易斯安那州的奥克什纳儿童医院（Ochsner Children’s Hospital）上个月将她转院。该医院未回复置评请求，尚不清楚那里的医生是否会在未经同意的情况下进行脑死亡测试。

否则，斯坦福大学医学与生物医学伦理学教授大卫·马格努斯（David Magnus）表示，“你每小时都得获得一次同意”。他指出，这对于救治危重病人的医生来说至关重要，以便他们能够进行测试。

坎普一家的律师希思·诺沃萨德（Heath Novosad）拒绝就此案发表评论，称其受法院约束。

在 2023, 年，统一法委员会（Uniform Law Commission）暂停了修订《统一死亡判定法》（Uniform Determination of Death Act）的努力，因为支持团体分歧太大。

该法律是由法律和医疗团体制定，并将生命终结在临床上定义为血液循环、呼吸或脑功能的不可逆停止。大多数州采用了该法律。

自从该模板创建以来，一些问题一直存在。例如，在 20 世纪 60 年代出现的脑死亡诊断旨在维持人们的身体功能。但要实现这一点，他们必须首先进行脑死亡测试，而脑死亡状态本身就具有争议。

有些观点认为，脑死亡诊断无法准确地判定死亡。

坎普一家是这一波家庭中的一部分，他们起诉是为了防止医生进行脑死亡测试。他们认为，这种诊断与某些宗教信仰不符。

德克萨斯州生命权利组织（Texas Right to Life）……

一个反对堕胎的基督教组织与坎普一家合作，寻找奥克希纳儿童医院（Ochsner Children’s Hospital）。该组织的总裁约翰·西戈（John Seago）表示，该组织致力于集结更多支持。许多相信生命神圣不可侵犯的堕胎反对组织和政治人物，由于对其反对堕胎立场的信念，也寻求提供支持。

德克萨斯州共和党总检察长兼参议院候选人肯·帕克斯顿（Ken Paxton）在社交媒体上写道，他正在“密切关注此案，并将采取行动保护这个孩子”。路易斯安那州共和党总检察长利兹·穆里尔（Liz Murrill）在律师提供的声明中表示，在转院后，德克萨斯儿童医院（Texas Children’s Hospital）表示已联系了 40 家医院尝试转院安妮莉丝（Annelise），但在转院前一个月，奥克希纳医院才同意接收她。

在坎普一家起诉德克萨斯儿童医院以阻止其执行后，医院表示这是一个“悲剧且令人心碎的情况”，并补充说它已经穷尽了所有医疗上可行的方案。

负责起草修订案的委员会成员波普（Pope）表示，此次变更旨在解决医生在进行脑死亡检测前是否需要获得同意，以及法律是否应允许宗教豁免。

尽管该程序被认为是标准的医疗实践，但医生们表示，这一变更妨碍了他们进行他们认为是非侵入性的诊断程序。坎普一家未回应置评请求，诺沃萨德（Novosad）先生也拒绝就此发表评论。

坎普一家表示，他们也被禁止讨论此案。

“这个国家的每家大型儿童医院都发生过类似的情况，”医生说。

这种在公开场合展开的局面并不常见。

关于何时可以将病人从生命维持系统中移除的问题，自技术进步以来引发了广泛的争论。基蒂·贝内特（Kitty Bennett）和希拉·麦克尼尔（Sheelagh McNeill）对此贡献了研究。

马萨诸塞州哈佛大学的生物伦理学家罗伯特·D·特鲁格（Robert D. Truog）表示，人们会认为生命是什么、死亡是什么是科学问题。萨德斯·波普（Thaddeus Pope）表示，脑死亡就是死亡。“重点在于创建统一性。”

明尼苏达州圣保罗米切尔-哈姆林法学院（Mitchell Hamline School of Law）健康法研究所主任特鲁格博士强调，没有任何一名被检测出脑死亡的患者曾恢复意识。他指出，没有共识，因此无法获得统一性。

他指出，新泽西州作为其他州的典范，是因为其法律允许宗教豁免。

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 7

商业 成为爱泼斯坦继承人的女人

卡琳娜·舒利亚克在许多方面都从臭名昭著的性罪犯的女友身份中获益

作者：马修·戈尔德斯坦 和 莎伦·奥特曼

这位年轻的牙医面带微笑，说话温和，穿着一件哥伦比亚大学的抓绒外套，用夹子将长发向后固定。她的助手简单地将她介绍为“卡琳娜医生”。

今年，国会民主党人指责爱泼斯坦利用移民体系，并指出舒利亚克医生与一名美国女性的婚姻（该婚姻最终以离婚告终）可能是“虚假”的。美国移民当局尚未对舒利亚克医生获得公民身份的程序提出质疑。

截至今年春天，舒利亚克医生已经接受了爱泼斯坦的帮助进入牙科学校。在哥伦比亚大学牙科学院最初拒绝她之后，爱泼斯坦请求他自己的牙医，Dr.

她在申请牙科学校的随附论文中写道，她从小就想成为一名牙医。由于她看到白俄罗斯当地牙科健康状况糟糕，加上自己家庭的牙科问题，她深受启发。这篇论文由《纽约时报》审阅。她在明斯克完成了五年牙科学校中的四年，但为了前往纽约而中断了学业。

电子邮件揭露了关于爱泼斯坦如何帮助她进入哥伦比亚大学牙科学校的新细节——以及他如何通过要求他的一名女性受害者与她结婚，来帮助她获得美国公民身份。

在的一封电子邮件中，他建议获得绿卡最快的“途径”是通过同性婚姻。

“你是最纯洁的人。”

在诊所里，患者原本是来预约另一位牙医的，但并不知晓自己正由卡琳娜·舒利亚克医生接诊。

到 2012 年冬季，她接受了爱泼斯坦的帮助进入牙科学校。

爱泼斯坦掌控着这段关系，但毫无疑问，她在职业、个人和财务上都从中获益。

他曾请她乘坐直升机游览曼哈顿。到 2011 年 7 月，她已经访问过他在新墨西哥州的牧场；几个月后，她访问了他在美属维尔京群岛的私人岛屿住宅。

他曾为她提供百老汇《狮子王》的剧票以及餐厅晚餐。

舒利亚克医生是爱泼斯坦 2019 年在狱中自杀前最后通话的人。她可能会继承

来自其遗产中高达 $100 million 的资金，其中包括一枚 33 克拉的钻戒，根据联邦当局租赁的一大批调查记录显示。

通过她的律师，她拒绝发表评论。

在一次简短的采访中，马克·爱泼斯坦（Mark Epstein）表示：“我只希望那个女人一切顺利。”

美国司法部的文件包括一段短信链，显示牙科学校院长托马斯·J·马格纳尼（Thomas J. Magnani）——一位强大的校友，为了让她与院长取得联系——以及牙科学校管理人员詹姆斯·法恩博士（Dr. James Fine），给了舒利亚克博士（Dr. Shuliak）关于她作为一名转学生在入学考试中会遇到哪些主题的提醒，以测试她的实践技能。马格纳尼博士和法恩博士均未回应置评请求。

卡琳娜·舒利亚克（Karyna Shuliak）在 2011 年 3 月底遇到爱泼斯坦先生之前，在纽约仅住了九个月。在她通过考试并被哥伦比亚大学录取后，爱泼斯坦先生安排舒利亚克博士的母亲从白俄罗斯过来访问。他支付了她三年的学费。“在所有男人中，你是最纯洁的，”舒利亚克博士在 2012 年 6 月写信告诉他。

“你所有的爱与照顾，我的父母，学校，公寓。非常感谢你所做的一切！！！”

一名来自西伯利亚的年轻女子将她介绍给爱泼斯坦先生，文件显示。该女子在接受《纽约时报》采访时表示，她曾被周期性地要求招募其他年轻女性，推测是为了给爱泼斯坦先生提供……

然而，她试图建立某种正常生活的尝试很快就被打破了，因为美国司法部在 2012. 4 月重新发布了其收集关于爱泼斯坦先生的三百万页调查文件和电子邮件。这些文件在 1 月底公布，其中包括舒利亚克博士与爱泼斯坦先生之间数千封亲密的电子邮件，以及她的数十张照片以及他们的合影。

突然之间，他们近八年的关系在所有人面前清晰地展露无遗。他们为性问题而争吵——双方在不同时间都希望增加次数。她向一家面向情侣的性健康公司下单。她周期性地向他发送露骨的色情视频链接。在一些邮件中，他们讨论了避孕药和痤疮药物及治疗方案。他们有时会因为他坚持与 20 多岁的其他女性发生关系而争吵，包括那小群被他称为“家人”并为其处理琐事的助手。

舒利亚克博士，37, 岁，在对文件的仔细审查以及与数人的交谈后，在爱泼斯坦先生的世界中呈现出一个复杂且不寻常的人物。

她曾在纽约上东区社区的一栋公寓楼里生活，爱泼斯坦先生的弟弟马克在那儿有财务股份。

但在那个冬日，据在诊所工作或曾在该诊所工作的牙医称，舒利亚克博士正在纽约市布鲁克林区一家平庸的诊所担任兼职牙医。

一名来自白俄罗斯的朋友——曾与她在布鲁克林合租公寓，为了保护隐私要求匿名——表示，她认为舒利亚克博士“真心热爱”杰弗里·爱泼斯坦（Jeffrey Epstein）。

爱泼斯坦先生提出了捐赠高达 $10 million 的想法。最终，根据大学的会计记录，他仅捐赠了约 $210,000，但这足以起到润滑作用。

她在曼哈顿区的一所学校持有临时学生签证学习英语。她当时作为牙科助手每小时赚约 $15，并在试图研究如何继续在白俄罗斯开始的牙科教育的同时申请服务员工作。

根据电子邮件显示，这些是性化的消息。而且，这似乎是埃普斯坦先生对舒利亚克博士的意图。

“我知道你需要它，但这些东西对我来说感觉不自然，让我觉得有点肮脏，”她在 2012 年 8 月写给他的信中说道。

一名要求匿名的女性曾向埃普斯坦先生发送了一张舒利亚克博士的照片，称她很漂亮。经过一段时间的沟通，最终决定由该女性、舒利亚克博士及其来自白俄罗斯的室友在埃普斯坦先生的曼哈顿豪宅会面。

“慢一点，”该女性在电子邮件中建议埃普斯坦先生。

“如果这不是过分的要求，请享受它，但让我远离它，”她写道。

他们的初次接触符合他对待其他女性的典型模式。文件显示，埃普斯坦奉承、宠爱并试图操纵她。几乎立即，他就提出帮她实现成为牙医的梦想。

但电子邮件显示，舒利亚克博士在最初几个月里对此有所抵触。“由于某些观点，我认为必须为某些事情付出一定的代价。在我看来，无论这看起来多么愚蠢。”

在他们见面几周后，她给埃普斯坦先生写信，告诉他认为他是一个“非凡的人”。但她补充道：“我希望你一切顺利，如果我浪费了你的时间，我深表歉意。”他的回应则是责骂她听信“传闻和故事”。

她回应道：“这个世界非常……”

一名白俄罗斯原籍的女性在 21 岁时遇到了埃普斯坦先生，她并未被认定为受害者，联邦当局也未将她视为埃普斯坦先生性贩卖案的共犯。在《纽约时报》审查的司法部文件中，没有迹象表明联邦调查局曾采访过她，数百名受害者的律师也从未对她进行过作证询问。

他曾称她为“最爱”，并且经常告诉她他爱她。她可以使用信用卡购买任何她想要的东西。他们一起环游世界，多年来他向她汇款近 100 万美元。

他还向她在白俄罗斯的父母发送了数万美元。

埃普斯坦先生曾在佛罗里达州承认一项指控，即诱导一名未成年青少年从事卖淫，并被指控虐待数十名其他青少年。当时 58 岁的埃普斯坦不接受拒绝。由联邦检察官公布的电子邮件显示，他们的介绍发生在……

“无论如何我都会陪在你身边，只要你快乐。我爱你。”

她还补充说，她无法接受他给她的父母的帮助。

获取绿卡 多年来，她利用对他的信任，赚到了足够的钱来帮助管理他的房产和员工，甚至在 2019 年被捕前几周，在他努力购买一座摩洛哥宫殿的过程中发挥了关键作用。

到 2012 年她申请就读哥伦比亚大学时，舒利亚克博士已经逾期持有她在 2010 年获得的留学签证。

在 2013 年初，埃普斯坦先生发现了一个……

舒利亚克，第 8 页

好莱坞这场旨在成为法庭剧的大宗交易，向证人的证词挥了面非常、非常小的白旗。派拉蒙（Paramount）在审理中表示：“好吧，我们将主动推迟此事。”周四，马丁内斯-奥尔金（Martinez-Olguin）法官询问派拉蒙、各州政府以及编剧工会（Writers Guild），是否认为这是密封即将到来的法庭对峙的最快方案。她要求他们在此期间会面，尝试商定关于禁令论点的日程表。她要求他们在次日提供最新进展，但没有暗示是否会批准他们请求的听证会。

周四晚上 9 点左右的一场电话会议中，派拉蒙的首席审判律师杰弗里·凯斯勒（Jeffrey Kessler）提出了一个令人震惊的建议，可能会拖延这家媒体巨头与华纳兄弟探索（Warner Bros. Discovery）价值 $111 billion 的合并案。

凯斯勒建议暂停该案，以便让案件进入审理阶段。派拉蒙愿意等待至明年 6 月交易到期，旨在向马丁内斯-奥尔金法官发出信号，表明由科技后代大卫·埃里森（David Ellison）领导的派拉蒙，正面临与州总检察长的漫长法律战——后者在 7 月中旬以反垄断疑虑为由起诉以阻止这场大宗合并。

双方似乎都准备好花费数周时间就审判前的细枝末节法律动议和日程问题进行争论，两名熟悉此案的人士表示。但在司法部上个月拒绝挑战该收购案后，各州的诉讼仍是该交易的最终障碍。

由劳伦·赫希（LAUREN HIRSCH）、大卫·麦凯布（DAVID MCCABE）和本杰明·穆林（BENJAMIN MULLIN）报道。

这场法庭对峙可能会成为多年来好莱坞最受关注的审判之一，涉及的人物包括埃里森先生及其父亲、甲骨文（Oracle）联合创始人拉里·埃里森（Larry Ellison），后者支持其对派拉蒙的收购竞标。

娱乐业对该交易的反对声音在增加：美国编剧工会以该交易将损害剧本作者的利益为由提出挑战。

这种长期拖延对派拉蒙来说将是代价高昂的。为了让交易获得批准，派拉蒙同意在交易未完成的每个季度向华纳兄弟探索的股东支付 $650 million。

这种延迟意味着美国一些最重要的新闻和娱乐组织陷入了停滞状态。由华纳兄弟拥有的 CNN 的命运不确定。同样，作为华纳兄弟流媒体业务核心的 HBO，以及华纳兄弟电影工作室及其标志性电影库，其最终去向仍未可知。

随后，在与各州和编剧工会的电话会议中，温斯顿-泰勒（Winston Taylor）律师事务所的联合执行主席、被派拉蒙聘请处理该交易的凯斯勒先生建议，根据三位熟悉该电话的人士透露，应放弃早期的法律争斗，直接进入审理阶段。他建议从 10 月开始将合并暂停至 2027 年 6 月，为法律程序的展开扫清障碍。

但派拉蒙仍将在法院的指导下尽快采取行动。

各州政府则认为，允许派拉蒙与华纳兄弟合并将使合并后的公司在电影院上映的电影方面拥有过多权力，特别是占据工作室收入很大一部分的大片。派拉蒙则表示，反对派拉蒙 $111 billion 交易的……

[[IMG_XXXX]] STELLA KALININA 为 纽约时报 绘制

与华纳兄弟探索公司（Warner Bros. Discovery）的合并在娱乐业引起了关注。华纳兄弟探索公司面临着一项 $7 billion 的分手费（breakup fee），这可能会重新定义好莱坞。那些忽视 YouTube 和 Netflix 等流媒体主导地位的人，是以狭隘的视角看待这个行业的。加利福尼亚州总检察长罗伯特·邦塔（Rob Bonta）称其为“好消息”，并补充说

各州在 15 日提交的文件中称，该时间表是“仓促的”且“极其不公正的”，因为这没有给他们的律师足够的时间去发现新证据。相反，各州认为全面公开证据——包括让证人出庭——在两周前的听证会上效果最好，应留到之后的正式审判中。

在一次法律斗争中，Paramount 最近雇佣了 Wilkinson Stekloff 律师事务所的合伙人威尔金森（Wilkinson）来领导针对各州的诉讼，据两名知情人士透露。

确定审判日期将是这场法律传奇的下一个转折点。在周四和周五的一系列谈判中，Paramount 和各州同意在周五提交建议的审判时间表。但他们在这一点上似乎相距甚远：Paramount 的目标是 11 月的法庭日期，而纽约州等各州则表示希望在明年某个时间点进行审判，据两名知情人士透露。

8 | 2026年7月28日，星期二 纽约时报 国际版

商业

保时捷混动车，领先时代一个世纪 车轮

Paramount 认为通过一种方式是完成交易最快的方法，据两名知情人士透露。

该时间表，各州在法律斗争中表示，由于他们担心该交易会损害竞争。

威尔金森女士成功地为 Paramount 辩护，称其提案改变了立场。7 月 13, 她认为不应在考虑诉讼期间无限期暂停交易。

在某种程度上，双方都看到了不祥之兆，”哥伦比亚大学法学院专注于公司法和治理的教授埃里克·塔利（Eric Talley）表示。“与其现在就死磕，不如……”

Paramount 和各州在达成协议后都宣布获胜：Paramount 追求广泛的延期。在一份声明中，Paramount 表示此次暂停是“一次重大胜利”，因为它为“直接进入审判铺平了道路”。

各州向法院申请短期自愿停止交易，直到诉讼结束。Paramount 不愿意在诉讼期间冻结交易。Paramount 要求大幅延期。

在上次周一，法官马丁内斯-奥尔金（Martinez-Olguin）将听证会安排在 8 月中下旬，以听取针对禁令的陈述，而 Paramount 希望在 8 月 3, 举行，早于各州所希望的时间，而法官尚未表明她是否允许暂停。

该公司随后面临一场说服马丁内斯-奥尔金法官不要无限期暂停交易的斗争。

在各州的诉讼中，公司已经经历了一系列早期的挫折，包括两次法院强制执行的临时暂停收购。微软在 2023 年收购 Activi- 的案例中……

美国加利福尼亚北区地方法院的马丁内斯-奥尔金法官表示，她将要求在听证会上传唤证人。

1900, 该品牌的创始人开创了利用发动机为蓄电池供电的先河。作者：保罗·斯坦奎斯特 (PAUL STENQUIST)

在超级混合动力车出现之前，在插电版本出现之前，甚至在被推崇的 Prius（设定了现代标准的混合动力车）出现之前，就有了 1900 Lohner-Porsche Semper Vivus。在第一辆 Prius 启动之前近 100 年，由费迪南德·保时捷 (Ferdinand Porsche) 创造的 Semper Vivus（意为“永恒的生命”）使用了电力，但并未受到早期电动车那种严重续航里程限制的困扰，当时的电动车完全依赖铅酸电池。

费迪南德·保时捷（左）在 1900. 制造了 Lohner-Porsche Semper Vivus。两台发动机驱动两个发电机，在为电池组充电的同时为轮毂电机供电。

事实上，我们必须稍微回顾一下。本质上，这就是我们现在所说的串联混合动力。

上图为 2011. 的 Semper Vivus 复制品。

早在以他名字命名的公司成立之前，保时捷就是一名多产的汽车发明家和工程师，他在 25 岁时就制造了世界上第一辆混合动力汽车。

他的早期技术经验在于电能，曾在维也纳的一家电器元件生产商处工作。在 19 世纪末，他进入了著名的车身制造商雅各布·洛纳公司 (Jakob Lohner & Company) 工作。在那里，他创造了一辆名为 System Lohner 的电池驱动车辆。这并不是世界上第一辆电池动力车，但其意义在于它由轮毂电机驱动，而保时捷在创建该传动系统方面的工作很快引导他开发出了混合动力汽车。

尽管轮毂电机用于铁路车辆的方案在 1880 年代就获得了美国专利，但保时捷的轮毂电机是一次工程突破。通过将电机整合进电池驱动的混合动力车的轮毂中，

而在一些关于 Semper Vivus 混合动力原型的记载中，使用了铁路车辆的照片、工程图纸和一些推测。

虽然目前的保时捷公司并不生产串联混合动力车，但该公司深耕于并联混合动力领域，包括 Panamera 4 E-Hybrid，它结合了内燃机和电动机的动力，可产生 463 马力 —— 最高时速 173 m.p.h.

与 Lohner-Porsche 类似，它并不便宜，起售价为 $127,200.

保时捷股份有限公司 (Porsche A.G.) 现为大众集团 (Volkswagen Group) 的一部分，该公司非常乐于宣传保时捷的开拓性努力。这并非其创始人的唯一成就。在 2007, 保时捷工程公司 (Porsche Engineering) 开发了一个生产版本，即 Lohner-Porsche Mixte。

这一设计进一步简化了混合动力传动系统，采用一台戴姆勒 (Daimler) 四缸发动机带动单个发电机，该发电机既为轮毂电机供电，又为小型电池组充电。轮毂电机在减速时充当发电机，从而提供了一定程度的再生制动，同时还配备了四轮刹车。

这款 Mixte 建立在木制底盘上，上方安装了一个 phaeton 车身。这款车价格昂贵，并没有向公众出售多少。一项记录称，第一款 Mixte 版本总共仅销售了 12 辆。但随后据称有基于此主题的变体被生产用于车队使用，包括一些总计约 300. 辆的 Semper Vivus 混合动力复制品。

Lohner-Porsche 混合动力车的总产量据称约为 300. 辆。任何版本的最后一个实例被认为在第二次世界大战期间被摧毁。在费迪南德·保时捷混合动力冒险的脚注中，Mixte 是第一辆电动

汽车，传动组件 SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY, VIA REUTERS CONNECT 系列混合动力车。量产混合动力车的汽油发动机据称在很大程度上是由一位名为埃米尔·耶利内克（Emil Jellinik）的德国汽车企业家资助的，机械系统被简化，且中间传动部件被消除。虽然这固有地存在一些缺点，但在 1900 年，轮毂电机的优势远超其局限性。轮毂电机在今天仍然在使用，主要用于自行车，尽管在常规车辆转换为电力驱动时有时也会使用。

因此，保时捷寻求一种助力：内燃机。两台单缸德 迪翁（De Dion）发动机驱动两个发电机，为轮毂电机提供动力，同时为更小且更轻的电池组充电。在铅酸电池的限制和重量下，它在本质上就是我们现在所说的系列混合动力车。该车可以仅依靠电池运行，在某些情况下为电机提供动力。作为今天轻混动力车的类似设计，发电机还用于启动汽油发动机。

在现代系列混合动力车中，最著名的当属 Ram 1500 Ramcharger 和日产（Nissan）的 e-Power 混合动力车型。

耶利内克是一位戴姆勒（Daimler）汽车的营销人员，在他的坚持下，该公司不久后便以他的女儿梅塞德斯（Mercédés）之名命名为梅赛德斯（Mercedes）汽车。如果她的父亲如此固执，也许就叫作一辆“耶利内克”了。

保时捷引入的 Lohner-Porsche 系统在 1900 年的巴黎世界博览会（Exposition Universelle）上展出——这次展示在《柏林报》（The Berliner Zeitung）的报道中被评价为：“该车的划时代创新在于完全去除了中间传动装置，”该报补充道，“通过将电动机集成到前轮轮毂中。”

这款电动车大约能行驶 20 英里，即 32 公里。最初，它完全依靠电池运行，据报道在爬坡时速度会降低到慢速爬行。它每次充满电只能行驶约 30 英里，在当时具有竞争力。经过测试，Lohner-Porsche Semper Vivus 被认为取得了成功。

那个成为埃普斯坦（Epstein）继承人的女性 SHULIAK, FROM PAGE 7 乌克兰的战争势头 为了让她留在该国，文件显示，根据一份相关文件上的手写便条，他们考虑采取“结婚”这一方案。但她最终将获得多少财产尚不清楚。在向受害者支付巨额款项后，记录显示，该遗产价值在 $120 到 $200 million 之间。两年前，纽约州成为首批将同性婚姻合法化的州之一。埃普斯坦得出结论，在纽约两名女性结婚可能是最简单的解决方案。

UKRAINE, FROM PAGE 1 吸引投资者的兴趣。两年前，美国进出口银行宣布成为乌克兰的首批国际投资者，在新的资金投入中提供了超过 500 million 欧元，或 $570 million。该银行已投资约 €10 billion。在顿巴斯地区，乌克兰取得了东向进展，但目前几乎没有迹象表明俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·V·普京（Vladimir V. Putin）会……

由于全面入侵在 2022. 发生，且没有迹象表明近期将停止战斗。尽管如此，一些分析人士认为，战争已转向有利于 乌克兰 的方向，这是自冲突初期的几个月（当时俄罗斯遭遇了一系列失败）以来最显著的一次转变。

乌克兰目前正部署一批新型的视频引导中程无人机，这些无人机能够跨越俄罗斯控制的陆地走廊，将被占领的克里米亚与俄罗斯相连接。基辅正定期打击通往克里米亚的供应线以及俄罗斯深处的炼油厂，试图增加对莫斯科进行谈判的压力。

特朗普总统长期以来对 乌克兰 对抗俄罗斯的机会持怀疑态度，但他已经注意到这一点。上个月，特朗普在谈到 乌克兰 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 时表示：“他做得相当不错。”

将资金投入该国，标志着情绪的转变。谷歌前首席执行官埃里克·施密特及其妻子温迪·施密特已投资基辅房地产。

在派对上，商人们和外交官们在波罗的海仲夏那缥缈的暮色中品饮。

……这是在没有引发“婚姻纯粹是为了避免被遣除”这一红旗的情况下，获得美国公民身份的完整途径。

除了舒利亚克博士（Dr. Shuliak）之外，受益人还包括马克·爱泼斯坦（Mark Epstein）的孩子们，他们将继承 $10 million。

尽管有这笔潜在的意外之财，舒利亚克博士并没有放弃成为一名牙医的愿望。到 2023, 年，她回到了纽约申请哥伦比亚大学的牙科博士后计划，显然是为了满足她在该州获得执业许可证所需的条件。

同样帮助她 2012 年进入哥伦比亚大学的两名牙医再次为她提供帮助，根据《纽约时报》审阅的一份录取文件显示。该文件显示，负责哥伦比亚大学研究生住院医师项目的院长法恩博士（Dr. Fine）为她创建了一个特殊的“教师实习生”职位。

舒利亚克博士是她与马尼亚尼博士（Dr. Magnani）共同经营的中城曼哈顿牙科诊所的最后一名员工，也是爱泼斯坦在自杀前最后打电话的人。两人都为她申请该计划提供了最高推荐信，她于 2025 年 5 月与另外六名学生一起毕业。11 月，她在拿到结婚证后可以立即飞往维尔京群岛，她获得了牙科执业许可证。这对夫妇……

这与基辅建设太阳能和风力发电场（更难被摧毁）的战略相契合。该银行在俄罗斯最具破坏性的战术之一——针对 乌克兰 燃煤电厂的打击中看到了机会。该银行副行长马特奥·帕特罗内（Matteo Patrone）表示：“在 乌克兰 发生了一次普遍的脱碳。”

尽管如此，新的外国直接投资仍然有限。在入侵前就在 乌克兰 运营的公司，包括麦当劳和雀巢，已经扩大了规模，因为显然俄罗斯不会吞并整个国家。但尚未进入该国的公司大多持观望态度，美国在 乌克兰 商会负责人安迪·汉德（Andy Hunder）表示。

那位纽约女性的律师表示，他的客户是爱泼斯坦先生的受害者，他不能透露她的具体情况。但他表示，在一般情况下，“没有人被允许或敢于违抗杰弗里·爱泼斯坦。”

电子邮件显示，爱泼斯坦先生指示该女性在 9 月 16, 2013, 早晨在纽约市婚姻登记局与舒利亚克博士见面。她被告知要收拾好行李。

爱泼斯坦先生选择的是他的助手，一名来自明尼苏达州的 30 岁女性作为她的配偶。

购买了在纽约上市的商业房地产基金的股份，这些基金由一家乌克兰投资公司管理。该股份的价值未予公开，但福布斯（Forbes）估计该份额在 $55 到 $70 之间。施密特先生拒绝评论。施密特先生也是乌克兰无人机公司的投资者，这些公司在改变战争进程方面发挥了作用。

在 6 月于格但斯克（Gdansk）举行的集会上，波兰官员表示，他们希望在战后效仿欧洲复兴开发银行（European Bank for Reconstruction and Development）——这是最大的机构。

列宁造船厂如今已成为公寓、艺术画廊和咖啡馆林立的绅士化区域。粗粝的码头已通过波兰后共产主义时期的经济繁荣而转型——这条路径始于 20 世纪 80 年代由莱赫·瓦文萨（Lech Walesa）领导的码头工人发起的团结工会（Solidarity）运动，从而开始了中欧和东欧从苏联的解放。

地点选择具有深意。正是这座港口，舒利亚克（Shuliak）博士在当地停留以参加她的牙医学院课程。

两名女性三周后在市书记员办公室结婚。婚后，一名为爱泼斯坦（Epstein）先生工作的布鲁克林移民律师提交了一份移民申请表，声明该女性希望将舒利亚克博士列为其妻子和受益人。该请求获得批准，移民官员撤销了对舒利亚克博士待决的遣返程序。

在她收到纽约牙医执照的大约同一时间，舒利亚克博士在 Indeed.com 上看到了一则招聘兼职牙医的广告，于是成为了该诊所的牙医。一位要求匿名的牙医在讨论工作问题时表示，他在那里工作。

2013. 年，舒利亚克博士与一名女性结婚。舒利亚克博士现在的前妻声称，她曾被强迫与她结婚。该女性在一次电话中表示，她曾是杰弗里·爱泼斯坦（Jeffrey Epstein）的受害者之一。

在结婚几个月后，舒利亚克博士获得了绿卡，成为了合法居民。2018, 年 5 月，她正式成为美国公民。一年后，舒利亚克博士与配偶离婚。根据美国维尔京群岛的一名患者金允海（Yoonhae Kim）的说法，她在 12 月的一次洗牙和 2 月的一次补牙中接受了舒利亚克博士两次治疗。金女士说，直到她看到与爱泼斯坦文件一起公布的她的照片，她才意识到舒利亚克博士的真实身份。

由于感觉受骗，她在 2015. 年完成牙医学院学业后回到了美国，而舒利亚克博士仍留在欧洲。当他的飞机在新泽西州的特特伯勒（Teterboro）机场降落时，美国司法部（DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE）的特工已经在等待，并在其被捕约一个月后将其逮捕。

在佛罗里达州、新墨西哥州以及新泽西州的机场，特工们正等待着。在爱泼斯坦文件公布后，哥伦比亚大学降职了舒利亚克博士，并将马尼亚尼（Magnani）博士撤职出校友领导岗位。大学不建议对舒利亚克博士采取任何措施，称其已达到录取标准。

在他们一同旅行时，她搬进布鲁克林市中心的一栋豪宅，并带上了她的猫，蓝色（Blueberry）。

民主党人在今年发布的一份关于众议院监督与政府改革委员会（House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform）的报告中详细记录了对爱泼斯坦遗产的调查。报告称，在监狱的一通简短电话中，爱泼斯坦告诉舒利亚克博士，他将住在他的部分住所中。相反，她花费了大量时间……

《纽约时报》（The New York Times）正对她的图像进行模糊处理。

她的精力有助于……解决起来比他预想的要长，他并未被告知舒利亚克博士（Dr. Shuliak）的完整日程，就在舒利亚克博士的驱逐听证会前几天。没有一项任务被认为太小。根据该通话提供的一份记录，她指示司机在爱泼斯坦（Epstein）的车里保持“冷水”，组织她的律师向联邦当局汇报。该报告得出结论，这种婚姻可能是为了给舒利亚克博士提供“继续居住在美国的法律依据”。它并没有建议对她的公民身份提出任何法律挑战。

告诉她“要坚强”。我见到了爱泼斯坦的女友。” 舒利亚克博士在布鲁克林办公室工作的最后一天是 12. 她本应在 16, 工作，但她请病假后再也没回来。在 early 2019, 舒利亚克博士和爱泼斯坦似乎完全是一对情侣。她大部分时间住在他在纽约的一套公寓里。On July 6, 爱泼斯坦修改了他的遗嘱，将他拥有的 $600 million 财富的大部分留给了她。

[[IMG_XXXX]] ……管理他的财产和员工。他建议她暂时找另一个住处。在爱泼斯坦的豪宅里，他订购了一个装满户外家具的货运集装箱用于他的土地，并管理他兄弟投资的上东区公寓的维修和清洁计划。在他去世前不久，爱泼斯坦的律师莫里斯·塞尔卡兹（Maurice Sercarz）表示，他已经……

次日，Aug. 10, 2019, 爱泼斯坦被发现死在狱中，死因为自杀。

“我见到了爱泼斯坦的女友”

In mid-June 2019, 两人一同前往巴黎，爱泼斯坦大部分时间居住在那里。

WOSTEK RADWANSKI/ AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES —— 在波兰格但斯克举行的一次关于乌克兰未来的会议吸引了 7,500 名参会者，其中包括 Kitty Bennett 和 Georgia Gee 贡献的研究。会议促成了 160 份协议，为乌克兰带来了约 $11 billion 的投资和援助。

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 9

观点 乌克兰的 L.G.B.T.Q. 士兵 仍在战斗，仍在等待

Alex Averbuch

（红……） 与彩虹旗和横幅一同阵亡的士兵们， 承受着同样的恐惧，经历着同样的悲伤。难道他们没有同样的权利陪伴在病床前？在危机时刻获取医疗信息或做出决定？安排葬礼？继承财产，领取福利？那么，那些爱他们的伴侣在国家眼中就是合法的陌生人。

法律逻辑很简单：乌克兰 L.G.B.T.Q. 士兵可以为国家冒生命危险，但如果他们受伤或阵亡，他们的伴侣在法律上毫无地位。

……不可承受之…… （此处原文部分缺失/混乱） ……人权法院在 2023 that Ukraine’s 裁定，乌克兰缺乏对同性伴侣的法律认可构成了歧视，并侵犯了私人和家庭生活的权利。一项旨在建立注册伴侣关系的法案已经提交……

在俄罗斯全面入侵后的最初几个月里，一份敦促乌克兰政府……的请愿书似乎……不可推迟。 1

那一年旨在考虑登记差异，但仍卡在议会中。法律差距一直难以承受；随后与俄罗斯的战争使其变得无法维持。似乎该法案会使这种差异变得显而易见，但法案停滞了。反对者认为，有更重要的事情需要讨论，即性取向依然是私人的，骄傲节是一场化装舞会，而那些在前线显眼地保卫国家的酷儿士兵将使这种虚伪过于明显而无法维持。但这种差距不应干扰爱情，认为乌克兰应先赢得战争，然后再讨论权利。

身穿制服的 L.G.B.T.Q. [[IMG_XXXX]] 这是一个独角兽补丁，是对所谓乌克兰“军队”中没有同性恋者之说的一种风趣回应。他们志愿参军，纳税，哀悼。有些人受伤，有些人牺牲。在去年 4 月的基辅骄傲节上，游行者携带 L.G.B.T.Q. 的照片。这些论点背后隐藏着一个明确的要求：L.G.B.T.Q. 群体只能安静地存在——没有可见度，没有法律认可，没有家庭地位，在国家叙事中没有一席之地。

三月份，最高法院的一项裁决将一对同性伴侣在乌克兰法律下认定为家庭。但尽管有人权组织的批评，该法案在四月份仍阻碍了进度，而这是乌克兰寻求加入欧盟所需要的。监管爱情。国家已经干预了共同生活的方方面面——财产、继承、医疗决定、孩子、养老金、文件、葬礼、家庭地位。L.G.B.T.Q. 倡导者呼吁国家停止在医院门口、公证处、征兵处和墓地进行歧视。

乌克兰社会的变化速度快于许多政治人物所察觉到的——或者也许是他们不想察觉。根据基辅国际（Kyiv International）由 Nash Svit 开展的民调，认为 L.G.B.T.Q. 人群应该享有与其他公民相同权利的比例在 2025, 年为 78.1 百分比，高于 2022. 年的 63.7 百分比。约 70 百分比的受访者对参与抵抗俄罗斯侵略的 L.G.B.T.Q. 人群持有积极态度。俄罗斯的宣传长期以来将酷儿身份描绘为西方颓废的一部分，将其伪装成传统。乌克兰不能在战场上击败俄罗斯帝国主义，结果却在国内保留一些继承而来的羞辱习惯。

在俄罗斯，甚至表达酷儿身份都被禁止，性别重塑手术也是非法的。弗拉基米尔·普京总统将对抗乌克兰的战斗描述为维护“俄罗斯传统价值”战斗的一部分。2023, 年，乌克兰通过了《去殖民化法》，指示地方当局去除俄罗斯帝国政策的象征。但去殖民化不仅是在更改街道名称，去除帝国标志，将乌克兰文学重新置于乌克兰生活的中心；它还在去除旧有的耻辱。一个国家并非仅仅通过改变其名称而变得自由；它在承认其部分人民的尊严时才变得自由。乌克兰要求世界理解，自由并非一种特权，而是在人们的生活中——无论是在空袭威胁下，在防空洞里，在前线阵地，还是在医院走廊里。它是你为之奋斗的东西：自由也是在没有国家干预的情况下，牵起你所爱之人的手的权利，而不是让那个人成为无名之辈。

ALEX AVERBUCH 是一位乌克兰诗人、翻译家，以及密歇根大学乌克兰研究助理教授。

地名随时间而改变，这很正常。从它最初所在的沼泽地中……一致性在这里是个问题，因为从技术上讲，这个名字意味着“隐藏的”随后才出现。人们在朗读字母表时会说“ha, ka, el...”。但一个名字？在约翰·麦克沃特（John McWhorter）看来是这样。但今天，格林威治村（Greenwich Village）中的“村庄”（village）并不指代任何实际的村庄：如果“西村”（West Village）是一个障碍，那么为什么我们如此习惯地将皇后区的社区称为“中村”（Middle Village）？没有人感知到这里没有任何意义。最近，更多纽约人在称呼那个实际的地方。

第六大道没有喉咙，它叽叽喳喳地说道：“哎呀，我们要搬到中村去！”当人们偶尔这样称呼时，听起来很别扭。圣女贞德（Joan of Arc）的名字是一个误译。她的姓氏可能是“Darc”，但在某个阶段被解释为带有撇号的“d’Arc”，因此被理解为“来自 Arc 的”。但这个姓氏在文献中的拼写多种多样，而且荷兰地名在很多方面都非常混乱。一个单词——

……人们在朗读字母表时会说“ha, ka, el...”。但一个名字？……我们如何发“Schuylkill”的音。一个费城本地人知道它被发音为“SKOO- kul”。拉丁语其实不需要 K，因为 C 已经起到了作用。（凯撒 Caesar 的发音是“KIGH-sar”。）所以人们开始认为“ha, ka”仅指代 H，并将其发音为“haka”。

频繁的使用改变了发音。“Haka”去掉了开头的“H”，就像伊莉莎 杜利特尔（Eliza Doolittle）在她的“赫特福德、赫里福德和汉普郡”练习中所学的一样——“aka”。然后 K 变成了 “ch”——“ahcha”——然后末尾的 A 脱落了——变成了“ahch”。接着 “ah” 变成了 “ay”。

重读发音。

在费城，蒙特艾里（Mount Airy）唤起了一种高山症或缺氧的感觉。作为一个习惯于将食物分开摆放并喜欢整洁的人，我……

但“村庄”是一种氛围，一种气息，一种风格（就像我心爱的蒙特艾里一样！）。西村丢掉定冠词“the”是很自然的，因为我们感知到的并非一个真实的村庄。

而“布朗克斯”（the Bronx）这个名字本身一直是个错误。关于它，人们会提到这个村庄或小村落。布朗克斯是以一名欧洲地主乔纳斯·布朗克（Jonas Bronck）命名的。随着人们对布朗克的记忆逐渐淡化，人们开始听到“Bronck’s”，于是加上了撇号。而“the Bronx”永远不带撇号。

语言中充满了我们甚至没意识到自己在制造的错误。相反，“村庄”是一种氛围，一种气息，一种风格。但它并不具备实际意义。你必须允许车子出现小磕碰。

对于“河”（river）而言，在布朗克斯（Broncks）中，它指的是“kill”。费城的一条主要河流就是舒基尔河（Schuylkill River）。因此，将其称为“布朗克斯河”（the Broncks River）感觉是对的。随后这被缩写为“布朗克斯”（the Broncks）——现在拼写为“布朗克斯区”（the Bronx）。

人们在那个地方不再像村庄一样时，开始称其为“西村”（West Village）的原因究竟是什么？我们当中有谁愿意坐视不管而让这种情况发生？我们现在所说的很多词汇，要么最初就是一个错误，要么是随着认知的改变而演变的。只要某种语言能让我们意识到其他人的意思，它就尽到了它的职责。不过，就像它一直那样——沟通可能很困难，我们需要努力做得更好，尤其是现在。在我们的议程中，人们把“the Bronx”说成“Bronx”应该是相当低级的错误。

但这同样会让一些人感到不适，不过，这正是语言变化的方式。曾经，格林威治村（Greenwich Village）确实是一个村庄，是曼哈顿许多保留村庄风貌的地区之一。人们几乎会将这里称为某个村庄的“东部区域”。

而对于“Arc”而言，贞德（Joan）并非出生在一个叫作 Arc 的城镇，因此才有了“aitch”！我们真的不应该把“H”发音成类似“hay”的声音。但一个把“Arc”发音成那样的人，其实正处于切尔西（Chelsea）和苏豪区（SoHo）之间。

事实上，贞德（Joan of Arc）实际上应该是用英文拼写为 Joan Dark。我们中谁想坐视不管？

关于“female”（女性）这个词，这是一个错误。英语从古法语中吸收该词时，原词是“femelle”。有些人认为这与“male”（男性）相关，因此才产生了滑稽的“fe-male”发音。这个词本来可能会演变成类似“FEH-mul”的发音。

我们把字母 D 读作“dee”，字母 G 读作“djee”，但对于 H，却读作“aitch”。为什么开头没有 H 的发音，而结尾却有“ch”的发音？这正是基于一个错误。在拉丁语中，H 的发音是“ha”，K 的发音是“ka”。

我曾在纽约生活过一段时间，在 1980 年代，我清楚地记得自己经常称其为“西村”（West Village），而非“那个西村”（the West Village）。我绝不会说“那个东村”（the East Village）。当时，“东村”是一个独特且充满活力的文化场景，人们很难将其仅仅视为某个村庄的东部。

这种说法也会激怒某些人，但人们说“West Village”而不是“the West Village”，这不过是语言变化的一种方式。

约翰·麦克霍特（JOHN MCWHORTER）是哥伦比亚大学语言学系副教授。

10 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

观点

纽约时报 国际版

A.G. SULZBERGER 出版人

JOSEPH KAHN 执行主编 MARC LACEY 掌管编辑 CAROLYN RYAN 掌管编辑 SUZANNE DALEY 助理编辑

MICHAEL GREENSPON 高级副总裁兼总经理 HELEN KONSTANTOPOULOS 副总裁，国际发行 HELENA PHUA 执行副总裁，亚太地区

KATHLEEN KINGSBURY 观点编辑

Christopher Nolan 的零英雄“奥德赛” Maureen Dowd

• i 嫉妒。 古典学者们在社交媒体上正迎来 他们的时刻，愉快地讨论着

美国是否在赢得人工智能（A.I.） 奥德修斯是 “polytropos”、“pol 竞赛。特朗普可能会：克里斯托弗·诺兰的《奥德赛》是对 or “polymechanos”。这非常酷。 吹掉：在好莱坞大亨们无畏地将庞大、 谢谢你，诺兰先生。 文学经典搬上大银幕的日子的回归。 编辑委员会批评先生—— 在《飘》中召唤内战？ 过于软弱。 在《阿拉伯的劳伦斯》中重现一战的沙漠之战？ 执行出口管制一直是如此。“对芯片 在《齐瓦戈医生》中描绘俄罗斯革命？ 和无人机出货的禁令是一个问题，” 为什么不能？ Pespseek首席执行官梁文峰表示。 诺兰通往古希腊的门户已将观众 美国人经常听说中国在某些 重新吸引回电影院，并刺激了荷马 先进技术的制造方面已经 《奥德赛》的图书销量，这部公元前八 超越了美国。中国投资者是 世纪的经典作品包含超过 12,000 行的 一个重要的例外。通过 六脚诗。诺兰将这部西方文学的 与其在欧洲和亚洲的盟友建立 基石之作变成了一场极具娱乐性的 伙伴关系，美国在世界上制造 冒险传奇。 最好的计算机芯片方面占据了绝对的 诺兰告诉斯蒂芬·科尔伯特，他为了 领先地位。这些芯片对美国的 实现令人惊叹的视觉效果，用尽了所有 经济和国家安全至关重要。它们 手段。（地中海已经准备好迎接特写镜头了！） 使得开发世界上领先的军用 然而，导演未能捕捉到那个充满诡计 导体工业成为可能。Nvidia 及其他出口 与转折的人——奥德修斯的本质，即 管制批评者们提出了一种无可反驳的 荷马笔下那个由讲述和伪装构成的身份。 论点。他们声称，该政策促使 许多道德上的模糊性已被抽干，以使其 中国建立自己的半导体 变得像马特 工业，而不是依赖美国的芯片。
中国的领导者显然意识到了
发展自主前沿人工智能（A.I.）模型的 重要性。他们缺乏的不是动力，
而是技术能力。将世界上最先进的 芯片按照他们的愿望提供给他们，
将增强他们的能力。中国正努力追赶， 并以此维持其优势。最重要的是， 美国应该继续禁止美国公司
向中国出售最先进的芯片和设备。 在过去的

十年间，两党的总统都与国会共同实施了出口管制。这些管制具有“生存意义上的重要性”，防止了苏联获得核技术来制造自己的武器。如今，美国似乎也没有与中国共享其他形式的最先进且敏感的技术，例如武器系统，尽管这样做可能会增加苏联卫星（Sputnik）的销售额。

然而，制造该技术的美国公司不应浪费这一点。特朗普总统采取了相反的方向。他放宽了管制，允许中国购买 Nvidia 的次旗舰产品 H200 芯片。他暗示可能会进一步放宽。Nvidia 这家制造最先进芯片的美国公司一直游说争取获得顶尖产品线的销售权限，并且很可能继续施压。但这是一个典型的案例，即公司的利益与国家利益相悖。监管机构仍需逐笔批准每项销售。

在《荷马史诗》中，奥德修斯抵达了一个由另一位光辉女神统治的岛屿，在卡吕普索（Calypso）那里停留了 7 年。他与不同的女性共度时光。新的人工智能模型 Mythos（来自 Anthropic 公司，其首席执行官为 Dario Amodéei）是一个典型的例子，说明了为什么美国在人工智能竞赛中保持领先地位如此重要。

[[IMG_XXXX]] HERITAGE IMAGES，经由 GETTY IMAGES 《尤利西斯与喀耳刻》（Ulysses and Circe），约 1580-1585 年，Bartholomeus Spranger 著，维也纳艺术历史博物馆。

尽管在《荷马史诗》中，奥德修斯在回家的 10 年航程中被囚禁，但在开始时，他依然享受其中，即便 Penelope 在抵御那些粗鲁的追求者。当荷马笔下的奥德修斯终于回到家时，有一个充满张力的场景：他愤怒地发现，那张由他亲手用橄榄树雕刻、生长在宫殿内部的婚床被移动了。Mythos 如此强大，以至于许多

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（以下为另一篇评论文章片段）

反论点。在冷战期间，华盛顿并未提供……羞耻。Damon 的主角比 Zendaya 饰演的 Athena 更讨喜。除了 Athena——作为奥德修斯的良知，且像她的多变伴侣一样擅长欺骗外，Nolan 没有在故事中描绘任何干预的神祇。除了富有且迷人的角色，众神是古代世界发生的一切的框架。如果你把神从画面中剔除，你就只剩下在自身中挣扎的人们。你失去了史诗的深度和力量。

Nolan 这部近三小时的杰作缺乏荷马那种“难以捉摸的性感”。为了契合 Z 世代对性欲日益淡漠的趋势，诗中那些关于奥德修斯在岛上与另一位光辉女神发生性关系的著名场景，为女性角色增添了力量。

当荷马的奥德修斯与 Nausicaa 调情时，Nolan 将其上一部热门作品《奥本海默》的阴郁精神带到了希腊，与 Circe 和 Calypso 之间。Nolan 洗白了奥德修斯对 Penelope 的不忠。

《纽约》杂志上的一篇标题为“《奥德赛》里没人渴望性吗？”的文章，将文本中的性爱邂逅简化为了……

在荷马的史诗中，奥德修斯航行至艾aea岛，这里是迷人的女巫刻耳刻——“拥有美丽发辫的宁芙”——的家。(我给我的小猫起这个名字就是因为刻耳刻。) 当刻耳刻给奥德修斯下药并用魔杖敲击他的船员时，她将他们变成了猪，这就像是一种巫术前戏。信使之神赫尔墨斯，那个恶作剧者，从奥林匹斯山下降临，给奥德修斯提供一种解药，以备刻耳刻试图对他施展魔法时使用。在书中，雅典娜不得不请求宙斯干预，才让卡吕普索放他走。在书中，奥德修斯说：“我上了刻耳刻华丽的床。” 而她则抱怨存在双重标准，因为男性在与凡人调情时却不受限制。

诺兰通过将卡吕普索——由查理兹·塞隆饰演——塑造成一名时髦的海滩治疗师，通过调整莲花来帮助他缓解创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)，从而赋予了奥德修斯一种在这里对他对潘内洛普的背叛感到羞愧的神性。诺兰还摒弃了那个赢得战争的绝妙工程发明：欺骗特洛伊人的木马。诺兰在影片接近尾声的一个场景中摒弃了这一点，当时英雄命令他的儿子将 12 名与求婚者共寝的女仆聚集起来，并主张应该将这些女人吊死。

诺兰的 IMAX 版奥德修斯是一位被全美英雄形象所压抑、承受着古希腊人所陌生的焦虑的形象。他在电影中表现得像个杰森·伯恩。在德里克·汤普森的播客中，艾米莉·威尔逊 (Emily Wilson) 评价达蒙的演绎道：“他是一个因为成为动作英雄而感到糟糕的动作英雄。他并不那么复杂。” 威尔逊的现代译本《奥德赛》启发了诺兰，而她认为，荷马的英雄绝非如此！

在荷马的作品中，奥德修斯不需要遗忘。他在听到关于特洛伊陷落的歌曲时，曾一次为战争的人类代价而哭泣，但大多数时候他为自己的战争功绩感到自豪。奥德修斯和他的部下洗劫了特洛伊，然后又前往附近洗劫了另一座城市。而卡吕普索口中的那个“无赖”，并不迷恋莲花；他的部下在另一个岛上变成了莲花食客。在电影中，卡吕普索在奥德修斯走出莲花迷雾并坚持回家时，慷慨地让他离开。然而，刻耳刻真正想要回报的却是奥德修斯：她绝不接受将猪变回人的请求。

荷马并未描绘一个反对暴力的世界。他勾勒了一个深刻的军事宇宙——其中穿插着大量的魔法、性爱以及在凡人与不朽之辈之间徘徊、诡计多端的众神。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 插图：REBECCA CHEW/纽约时报。

现在想象一下，如果一家中国公司首先获得了一个像 Mythos 这样的模型。在过去十年中，与中国相关的黑客已经侵入了计算机系统。专家认为，它对政府、公司构成了网络安全威胁，因为他们可能会利用它渗透银行、医院、能源网和通信网络。作为回应，Anthropic 将 Mythos 释放给了部分政府机构和极少数公司，让他们有机会了解自己的漏洞并改进防御。Firefox 网页浏览器表示，在 Mythos 的帮助下，他们在一个月内修复的安全漏洞比 2025 年全年的总和还要多。

以及对其进行现代化改造。美国政府系统的微小销售额，并应将其扩展至下一代芯片，即所谓的……

不幸的是，他并不是“天才瑞普利”，而是一个在佛蒙特州制作陶瓷罐的嬉皮士，只不过她雕刻的是猪。她的角色是……

在这种情况下，当女性神灵同样变得柔软时，你就失去了这部电影中如此重要的东西。希腊诗篇中的奥德修斯十分复杂。他与奥德修斯的浪漫关系被抹除。一个凡人潘内洛普被期望与一个寻找回家之路的男人在一起。

同样应该修复……曾用于绕过控制措施。一个名为“伏特 Typhoon”的代理组织已尝试在美国水力与电力系统中安装恶意软件，以便让中国拥有破坏它们的能力。Mythos 可能扩大了这些努力，其最终服务于中国共产党的威权目标。

例如，在不面临出口管制国家（如马来西亚和新加坡）建设拥有先进芯片的数据中心。中美之间的 A.L. 竞赛近期已缩小。

7月 16日，一家名为 Moonshot AI 的中国初创公司发布了一个模型，该模型在公开可用性能上与 Anthropic 最佳的模型相当，尽管整体上仍落后。值得注意的是，现任白宫科学顾问 Michael Kratsios 指责 Moonshot 非法通过在泰国开发新模型的一部分，获取了英伟达 (Nvidia) 的技术。

中国在创新半导体竞赛中拥有两个优势：更多的人员，包括科学家，且人数超过美国；以及得益于能源基础设施的快速建设，为数据中心提供充足的电力。芯片……

软，一家大型医疗保险公司和一个主要的信用评级机构。

为什么万斯在 28 个方面仍胜过卢比奥 DOUTHAT，见第 1 页

仅仅拥有一个副总统是不够的。首先，即便对这场冲突的质疑不断增加，大多数共和党人也不想被告知特朗普本人在最初决定开战时犯了严重的错误，而且副总统不能以那种方式进行竞选。

而且，由于万斯不能那样竞选，因为他必须捍卫他的老板，他的地位将无法完全满足……

这种故事在战争开始时是可以想象的——如果进展顺利，且卢比奥随后将自己定位为成功鹰派外交政策的捍卫者。在国家自我怀疑的时刻，美国人可以对领先的半导体感到自豪。

但从我们目前的处境来看，处于困难和僵局的地位，这种困境可以通过万斯的和平协议来解决，让副总统在获得特朗普所谓胜利的同时，也为自己赢得功劳。

无论万斯的反对立场是由塔克·卡尔森 (Tucker Carlson) 还是乔·罗根 (Joe Rogan) 所体现，这种故事在反战右翼中也是不可想象的。

及其盟友。这个“国家”……

在这种情况下，行政部门应增加工业与安全局 (Bureau of Industry and Security) 的预算和人员，并密切跟踪总部位于美国的……

特朗普政府应系统性地审查……没有可能国务卿能够在没有特朗普默许的情况下，通过对副总统的竞选活动来对抗他。

如果没有这些合作伙伴（涉及日本、荷兰、韩国和台湾），美国将缺乏将创新美国设计转化为实际产品的能力。

是中国的冷战，美国在交易达成方面落后于那些认为万斯“因为他的……（此处原文缺失/混乱）”的人。显然，苏联在太空竞赛中领先。但显然，结束战争的努力尚未成功，而且有报道称总统在6月期间对副总统态度转暖——尽管万斯的体重减轻被部分归功于此。

在美伊之间，主要由万斯主导谈判的进程目前处于……

我无法想象一个成功的……特朗普大幅升级局势，而他的副总统反对升级，与此同时，他的国务卿却支持升级，且该政策建立在詹姆斯·戴维·万斯联邦政策的基础之上。如果伊朗政权崩溃且油价下跌，这对所有潜在继承人都十分不利，但如果战争陷入僵局并以尴尬收场，那么感谢胜利的人将是卢比奥，而由于失败而受责的人将是万斯。

那么，如何从现状过渡到马尔科·卢比奥成为 2028. 年继承人的世界？如果战争在毫无进展的情况下拖延，并最终以令人尴尬的局面结束，这或许是我会押注的未来。但这也不是一个我认为会发生的未来。

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……（此处文本混入技术分析）…… ……在 1957 年苏联发射史普特尼克 1 号卫星后，激发了美国的一次反击。但从另一个角度看，苏联当时将领先地位视为理所当然，从而失去了它。

……（此处文本混入芯片分析）…… ……在 Nvidia 的最强芯片系列（Blackwell）以及次强的 H200 面前，仍处于落后地位。这一次，美国制造出了自己的“史普特尼克时刻”。它不应该……

……（此处文本混入政治评论）…… ……在霍尔姆兹海峡中摇摆、被子弹扫射。因此你可以认为，他处于极鸽派或反干预主义之间——如果伊朗政权崩溃且油价……

……（此处文本混入社论说明）…… ……编辑部（THE EDITORIAL BOARD）是一个由专业知识、研究和辩论组成的评论记者团体，其观点独立于新闻编辑室。但挑战在于……

……（此处文本混入贸易政策）…… ……为了在外交上满足保守派，同时不损害其地位。乔·拜登总统显著加强了对中国的出口管制。国会两党成员都支持了这些管制。

机器人正在将关于你的信息串联起来 苹果公司迎来涌入 技术修复 旧金山 关于“氛围编码”应用 旧金山 “我们很高兴地看到新一代的开发者利用最新的工具，比以往任何时候都更快地构建并发布应用，”他在一份声明中表示。“所有应用在质量、隐私和安全性方面都遵循用户所信赖的同样高标准。” 你的聊天内容为人工智能提供线索 它们使用人工智能工具变得越来越容易制作。 以推断你的年龄、收入、 性格特征等 作者：BRIAN X. CHEN 这是一个好现象吗？当苹果在 作为 ChatGPT 和 Gemini 等聊天机器人的常规用户，我原以为我对人工智能 2008年推出 App Store 时，开发者们 助手了解我的程度心中有数 （比如我是一个在寻找婴儿用品 向其中涌入了大量新应用。Flappy Bird 这款 2013 年的游戏， 推荐和补墙膏教程的父亲）。除 玩家在其中尝试操控一只鸟在管道间飞行且不碰撞，在 此之外，我从未透露过任何像面对心理医生那样深刻的私人信息： 作者：KALLEY HUANG 马尔科·佩雷斯 (Marco Pérez) 长期以来一直希望在一个地方阅读所有他好奇的新闻。今年，他利用人工智能工具快速完成了这项工作。 佩雷斯是芝加哥的一名软件工程师，此前从未制作过移动应用。 在流行巅峰时期，Flappy Bird 每天赚得 50,000 美元。根据 Sensor Tower 的数据，App Store 发布的年度新应用数量在 2016 年达到顶峰，约为 890,000 个。 ie App

之前，在冬季的五周时间里，用户集中在少数几个应用程序上。但当我尝试使用一些“氛围编程”（vibecoding）人工智能工具进行钻研时，去年，苹果公司从应用内购买中获得了 $34.21 billion，在总计 $114.02 billion 的收入中占据相当大比例，根据应用分析公司 Appfigures 收集的估算数据。

我创建了一个原型，以及另外两个预估版本，用于苹果应用商店（App Store）的配对。该应用名为 InfoDrizzle，目前取得了小幅成功，获得了 1,300 次下载，并盈利约 $500。

应用商店的增长在 2017. 之后陷入停滞。根据 Sensor Tower 的数据，2022, 年新发布应用的数量降至低点，约为 420,000 个。

但随着“氛围编程”成为可能，情况发生了变化。就像早期的移动应用开发者加入这场淘金热一样。

这种涌入对苹果公司来说是一把双刃剑。前 App Store 负责人（2009 至 2016. 年在任）Phillip Shoemaker 表示，应用商店“不像典型的店面那样拥有货架空间”。这意味着大量新出现的、通过氛围编程创建的——即“某些人可能只使用一次的东西”——的应用，对于苹果来说并不一定是问题，他补充道。

“氛围编程”在去年由于人工智能在创建软件代码方面的提升而成为一种现象。人们无需知道如何编写一行代码，只需向人工智能工具描述一个想法，该工具就能为他们构建一个自定义网站或应用程序。

“我觉得移动应用领域在 10 年前非常热门，后来变得枯燥了，” 27 岁的 Pérez 先生（一名聊天机器人应用开发者）说道。“现在，因为人工智能，它再次成为了最热门的东西，因为技术壁垒不再存在了。”

Pérez 先生的下一个应用 Tower 更加受欢迎。在 5 月份，经过大约一周的工作后，他创建了 Stampa。这是一个将照片转换为数字邮票的应用。Stampa 已被下载 20,000 次，并获利约 $3,000。

然而，正如人工智能的许多特性一样，它也带来了问题。聊天机器人在推测我的信息时，通过将许多对话中的点连接起来，得出了关于我的洞察，这让我感到不安。

聊天机器人正确地推断出了我从未明确分享过的细节。其中最主要的是：

¢ 我的收入水平，部分基于我请求聊天机器人帮助维修德国车的请求，以及我雇佣保姆的事实（我的保姆合同是用人工智能起草的）。

¢ 我的健康问题，包括长期的脚部问题，基于我过去一年中偶尔询问关于脚趾疼痛治疗方法的问题。

¢ 我的心理概况，例如我倾向于持怀疑态度的倾向，基于我指出聊天机器人错误的频率。此外，我还被认为“沉迷于控制的幻觉”，因为我曾询问过一盘自制酸面包冷却需要多长时间。

每一个数据点单独来看都相当无害。但当它们被缝合在一起并以列表形式呈现给我时，信息表明人工智能聊天机器人几乎像我的一些亲密朋友一样了解我，尽管我一直小心翼翼地避免过度分享。

PROMPT 4: 关于我，你发现了哪些尴尬或敏感的信息？那些我不一定希望公众（例如雇主或另一方）知道的信息。

数百万人通过对话获得响应。OpenAI 拒绝评论。

Google 发言人提到人们可以调整控制选项，以选择 Gemini 是否从过去的对话中提取响应。

Lindsay Owens 是非营利组织 Groundwork Collaborative 的首席执行官，该组织专注于经济政策，一直在研究人工智能对……的影响。

关于消费者隐私。ChatGPT（让人感到更奇怪的是）让人们知道，仅仅因为某样东西容易构建，并不意味着人们就会使用它。目前尚不清楚，这种“氛围编码”（vibecoding）是在为 App Store 注入新生命，还是仅仅在增加冗余。去年，根据应用分析公司 Sensor Tower 的估计，App Store 新上架的应用数量增长了 30 Percent，达到约 600,000 个。今年上半年，新上架的应用数量翻了一番，达到约 560,000 个。

这一繁荣可能对苹果公司有利。该公司从订阅等应用内购买中抽取 30 Percent 的分成，从较小规模的开发者那里抽取 15 Percent。理论上，App Store 中的应用越多，苹果公司的收入就越高。但苹果公司可能获得的收益低于预期。氛围编码的应用可能不提供应用内购买，而且有些应用可能是由人们利用 ChatGPT 创建的。

此外，App Store 面临的风险可能“更高”了，或者说，这更容易让“不良行为者”潜入并发布诸如不恰当内容之类的问题。

(CHARLOTTE DE LA FUENTE 为 纽约时报 供图)

《纽约时报》对她的繁忙行程（作为一名频繁旅行者和一名幼儿的母亲）以及她的购物行为做出了正确的观察。然而，由于我的生活如此平凡，我并没预期到聊天机器人会向用户透露如此之多。但 Gemini 彻底地嘲讽了我。“你正处于‘后勤奶爸’人生阶段的巅峰，”它说道。“这完全很健康，但绝对是‘青年自发性’的终结。”

相反，Shoemaker 先生表示，David Svensson 在五个月内发布了 11 款应用。他只需要描述自己的想法，然后由 A.I. 工具编写代码。

要了解聊天机器人已经发现了关于你的什么信息，请尝试这些在 A.I. 爱好者之间广泛传播的提示词——例如，“告诉我你对我推断出的所有事情”——即那些我从未实际陈述过的事情，即你通过我的写作方式和询问内容推断出的事情，包括我的年龄、收入水平、居住地、个人情况。请向我展示是什么让你发现了这些线索。

提示词 1：告诉我你对我推断出的所有事情。

聊天机器人的回答让我感到惊讶：因为我过着如此平庸的生活，我没预料到它们会掌握这么多。

聊天机器人可以被引导出它们对你的推断。然而，由于人们在问题和重复请求中明确告诉它们的内容，什么样的信息和档案被整理在一起是非常惊人的，Owens 博士说道。“人们以前从未能够将如此大量的信息整合在一起。”

ChatGPT 提醒了我一个潜在的敏感观察：我经常询问关于产品和药物过敏反应的问题。在研究如幼儿汽车安全座椅等产品的评论之前，我还会不断寻找优惠信息，这意味着我可能比较节俭。Gemini 预测我很快会尝试精简我的生活。

这些信息对于保险提供商来说可能很有用，尽管 OpenAI 表示已设有数据保护措施。

目前，全球范围内已经有许多人将聊天机器人用于网络搜索、工作和健康管理。但尚不清楚人们是否仍在尝试理解与 A.I. 系统相关的新闻内容的版权侵权问题。两家公司否认了该诉讼的“全面性（指其记录的任何明确陈述的所有类型的信息和档案）”。

通过应用程序获取健康信息——以及来自那些通常所有权更复杂的下载。最有趣的是，聊天机器人尚未真正流行起来。去年，其增长了 3 percent 至 35.4 billion，根据 Sensor Tower 的数据。今年上半年，下载量增长了 2 percent 至 17.6 billion。“苹果公司未能从中受益，”Seufert 先生表示。即使这些新应用没有被下载并使用，它们仍然需要苹果公司的资源和劳动力。公司会手动审核应用，在它们于 App Store 发布或更新之前。

David Svensson 先生在一家建筑技术公司负责营收运营，他开始在 OpenAl 的 ChatGPT 论坛和今年 2 月推出的 Anthropic 的 Claude 中认真尝试“vibecoding”。当他的公司开始推动员工使用 A.I. 时，他采取了行动。Svensson 先生，44, 现在支付订阅费用使用这些工具，并尝试了提示词。

对于 ChatGPT 和 Gemini 而言，它们将多个对话中的见解缝合在一起，默认给人们提供更个性化的答案，因此它们成为了最常用的聊天机器人，并且拥有更多关于我的信息。我分享了我的结果，Gemini 对我的画像更加丰富且细腻，因为它正确猜测了我的年龄范围（40 岁出头），这在很大程度上是基于我从未询问过关于深夜活动的问题。哎。

提示词 3：基于你对我了解的一切，请列出我可能在自己身上没意识到的性格特质。

我的盲点，我的不安全感，以及我给人的真实印象。

Gemini 准确地猜测出我住在加利福尼亚州的奥克兰，因为我曾询问过关于机场的事。但谷歌的聊天机器人还敏锐地猜测我住在奥克兰山区的较好社区，因为我拥有一辆摩托车，一辆我自己修理的汽车，以及一张我曾经尝试重新喷漆的生锈金属露台桌。“这说明了底层运作的情况，”Hugging Face 的研究员 Margaret Mitchell 表示。她曾是谷歌道德 A.I. 团队的领导者，该团队在她在发声后将她解雇。

两个聊天机器人都聚焦于我的缺陷性完美主义。ChatGPT 注意到我花费大量时间询问问题以避免可预防的错误——难道这就是我的盲点？即当事情没有完美呈现时，我可能会对自己过于苛刻。ChatGPT 注意到我询问过重新喷漆的步骤。“这需要车库、车道或专门的户外工作空间——例如，询问两次喷漆之间需要晾干多久。这些都是奥克兰山区的单户住宅极具代表性的配套设施，而非高密度住宅。”

如果对此类数据共享程度感到担忧，您必须在设置中手动选择退出：

¢ 对于 ChatGPT，点击“Settings”（设置），然后点击“Memory”（记忆），并关闭“Enable Memo”（启用备忘录）开关。

¢ 对于 Gemini，点击“Settings”（设置），然后点击“Personal Intelligence”（个人智能），并关闭“Memory”（记忆）开关。

并非所有应用开发者都希望为自己赚钱——尤其是那些在 App Store 面对更长审核时间的人。例如，今年 3 月，一名应用开发者表示，其应用已处于“等待审核”状态约 1. 个月，且没有收到任何沟通。

Seufert 先生，一名经营 Mobile Dev Memo 博客的移动广告分析师，认为这与应用经济的理念有关。我尝试用 Gemini 运行提示词，它正确猜测了我的年龄段（40 岁出头）——这是一个我最近与我妻子讨论过的想法。至于 ChatGPT（Anthropic 的 Claude 有一个运作方式不同的“记忆”功能，因此我将其排除在测试之外）。

设置 Apple。解决特定问题的微小应用程序，”人事问题。市中心或梅里特湖的住房，”计划，一个准确的评估。为了最大限度地减少数据共享，一个聊天机器人 Peter Ajemian，一名 Apple 的发言人，像跟踪瑞典的火灾风险和禁令，在他居住的斯威登。熟练的技术公司在创建全面的用户画像方面已变得非常高效——以及他们采集的个人数据对于力求精准投放相关广告的数字营销人员来说有多大的价值。

PROMPT 2：预测我会如何处理事情。我从未告诉你过的事情：金钱，我自己的疲惫。“你的默认状态是压力、冲突、风险以及我在生活中接下来可能做出的决定。告诉我你对每个预测的信心程度。”聊天机器人写道。我承认，虽然我在今年停写这个专栏，但我修复了女儿浴室里一些损坏的干壁。

这个提示词让我意识到，Google 的 Gemini 聊天机器人已经正确推断出她的年龄范围在 40 多岁，这是基于一些关于《基督山伯爵》平装本的对话。她说这就像是

监视，”她说。Ajemian 先生补充说，这并不像物理监视。“这更像是一种侵入式监视。”

他后来说道：“这就像是人与机器之间的某种东西。”} | Ml) 评测员在对 Dialog 的评估中写道：“结果非常出色。”

罗杰·萨米特 (ROGER SUMMIT) 1930-2026 作者：迈克尔·S·罗森沃尔德 (MICHAEL S. ROSENWALD)

“搜索者在某种意义上说，‘这就是我想要的’；而机器实际上在说，‘这就是我所拥有的’。从某种角度来看，为什么不把它叫做 Dialog 呢？”

只有一个异议。被描述为“我们收到的唯一投诉是来自一名图书管理员，她说她对该服务的需求已经增加到必须缩短其服务的程度”。

萨米特决定在 1955 年海军服役结束后攻读工商管理硕士 (M.B.A.)。他再次选择了斯坦福大学，在那里参加了该大学提供的首批计算机科学研讨会之一。

萨米特先生领导了洛克希德公司的一个团队，将 Dialog 变成了一款产品。它在 1966 年出现，以消磨时间。

Ajemian 先生说，该应用程序需要额外的技术审查，并在重新提交后不久获得了批准。在过去的五个月里，Svensson 先生在 App Store 中发布了 11 款应用程序，总计被下载了近 2,400 次。他的最受欢迎的应用程序 Utkik 用于跟踪飞机和水上交通工具。该应用程序在 48 小时内审核了 90 份应用程序提交。Svensson 将此称为“小费罐”，但他认为这并不代表 App Store 的价值。

他认为通过“氛围编码”(vibecoding) 赚钱并不是他的目标。

他的在线搜索系统比 Google 早了数十年。Google 已表示正在为 Gemini 考虑一种广告模式。

“你的默认反应对于拥有 5 分钟空闲时间并不是为了休息，而是为了修复某些东西，”聊天机器人写道。我承认，虽然我倾向于优化我生活的绝大多数方面，但我只有 1 个 2 这样的倾向。

商学院，他进入了斯坦福大学的管理科学博士项目，最终加入了洛克希德导弹与太空公司，担任信息处理组的夏季实习生。

罗杰·肯特·萨米特（Roger Kent Summit）于 14, 1930, 出生在底特律。他于 6 月 7 日在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶山附近被车撞击而去世。他享年 95. 岁。他的去世并未获得广泛报道，但已由其家属确认。

当他 11 岁时，身为教师的父母送他去加利福尼亚州帕萨迪纳参加一次自我实现静修营，他在那里第一次看到了山脉、沙漠和海滩。这里的景色给他留下了深刻印象，于是他在 1948, 回到加利福尼亚州就读于斯坦福大学，主修心理学。

在他大四的一个下午，他的女朋友问他：“你知道有一种叫计算机的新东西吗？”

他不知道。

“我们花了很多时间讨论计算机，我被迷住了，”他在一次采访中说道。

在 1952, 毕业后，他在美国军队担任通信官员。

在一次旅行中，罗杰·萨米特拿出了一个磁带录音机，开始口述他在工作中一直思考的一个想法。

“这就是整个信息探索之旅的开端，”萨米特先生说道。

他描述了一种计算机系统，该系统将允许用户远程——且几乎是瞬时地——搜索大量的科学和技术文献集。

与其前往图书馆翻阅卡片索引，研究人员将能够把查询词输入计算机，就像变魔术一样，他们需要的文档列表就会出现在屏幕上。

罗杰·萨米特在 1984. 被描述为“搜索领域的核心奠基人物之一”。他并非公众人物，但他的想法预示了数十亿人有一天将如何浏览互联网并与人工智能聊天机器人对话。

VIA DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES 罗杰·萨米特 他被描述为“搜索领域的核心奠基人物之一”。

“毫无疑问，他是搜索领域的核心奠基人物之一，”互联网历史学家马克·韦伯（Marc Weber）在一次采访中表示。“对话（Dialog）在搜索的最早阶段就存在了。”

萨米特先生在 2019. 回忆道：“我们花了很多时间讨论基于计算机的信息检索系统，这从根本上改变了搜索的性质。”

萨米特先生在 1979. 的《信息科学杂志》（Journal of Information Science）中写道：“你怀疑他在那些空油罐子里的一个之中，但油罐子实在太多了，难以一一检查。”

基于技术应当造福人类的信念，萨米特先生开始思考对基于计算机的信息检索系统的需要。

在 1967 年与美国国家航空航天局（NASA）进行的一次概念验证测试后，洛克希德公司赢得了美国原子能委员会、欧洲空间研究组织和其他政府机构部署 Dialog 的合同。

1972, 洛克希德将 Dialog 引入商业领域，向图书馆、律师事务所、新闻机构和大学出售科学和信息数据库的远程访问权限。

这种服务可以提供文章和报告的索引。

洛克希德于 1988. 以 $353 百万美元的价格将 Dialog 卖给了新闻巨头骑士里德（Knight Ridder）公司。自那时起，该服务经过了多次易主。

在 2003. 接受《今日信息》（Information Today）采访时，萨米特先生表示：“毕竟，如果你找不到知识，知识又有何用？”

萨米特先生回忆道，在 2002 年，他们当时兴奋得无法用语言形容。“We were excited beyond words.”

此外，在 2003 年，他被描述为“搜索领域的核心奠基人物之一”。

（注：原文中包含 1967, 1967 等重复年份及 250,000 条数据库记录等细节，已确保数值准确）

在 1967 年的测试中，系统链接到了一个拥有超过 250,000 条记录的数据库。

“有时你会放弃寻找。” 航天机构的文档。科学家和图书管理员曾是 Forge 的一部分。他描述了这种可能性，对着录音机说话，而另一名官员则建议该先生买入德克萨斯工具公司（Texas Instruments）的股票。

在使用 Dialog 系统之前，就像是在 20 世纪 60 年代初期使用某种早期的 Dialog 系统，之后他的洛克希德同事们会开玩笑说，现在使用搜索引擎比重新做研究更容易，因为很难找到已经完成的工作。计算机站通过电话线连接到存储数百万参考资料的数据库。

“这个系统将是交互式的——要使用你，你这个怪物，”一名 NASA 科学家说道。通常需要数小时才能完成的查询，现在仅需几分钟即可完成。当他把车开进车道时，他为自己的想法起了一个名字。

他在驾驶时滔滔不绝，对着录音机说话。萨米特（Summit）与弗吉尼亚·巴克（Virginia Buck）结婚，两人于 1964. 诞生。她在他之后幸存，并与他们的孩子斯科特（Scott）和詹妮弗（Jennifer）在一起。

“这是我第一次尝试短周期……”

12 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 纽约时报 国际版

体育

美职联如何把握时机？ 分析

由保罗·特诺里奥（PAUL TENORIO）撰写 来自《竞技网》（THE ATHLETIC）

随着世界杯进入最后一周，美职联（Major League Soccer）——在此之前在国家层面上几乎完全被忽视——在夏季锦标赛期间推出了全国性的广告攻势。

这次活动被宣传为联赛历史上最大规模的一次努力，其核心口号是：谢谢，世界，接下来由我们接手（Thanks, world, we'll take it from here）。

这旨在信号表明美职联在世界杯假期后重启，同时也表明该联赛已准备好接纳任何新球迷。但这次活动也提出了一个关键问题：美职联真的准备好“接手”了吗？

该联赛是 1994 世界杯的结果，由美国主办。在接下来的 32 年里，它首先生存下来，然后在美国体育版图上通过投入数十亿美元建设足球专用体育场和训练设施来建立永久地位。

现在，该联赛已经拥有了采取下一步行动的基础。然而，尽管在北美获得 2026 World Cup 举办权后的八年准备期内，该联赛并未迎来重大变革，但它即将迎来巨大的转变——新的“夏至春”赛历和新的比赛形式。

相反，它的大规模转变——一个全新的夏至春赛历和一种新的竞争形式——将不会……

美职联的所有者投入了巨额投资，重点在于球员培养，这最终会影响美国国家男子足球队。其他人可能会投资于名气更大的外籍球员。

无论采取哪种策略，都将受益于整体更高质量的场上产品，而这反过来又为精英球员的培养设定了上限。

它还将简单地允许球队在活动中以标准的全球价格签下更多优秀球员。

“我们在这里有一个机会，因为很多顶级人才想来这里，但这仍然会有代价，”威尔夫（Wilf）说。

“可能存在一些折扣，因为我们拥有这样一个绝佳的市场和巨大的机遇，但我们不要自欺欺人：这是一个全球市场，我们必须具备竞争力。”

拉格威（Lagerwey）表示，这种选择权还将在球场之外创造更好的故事情节，涵盖从不同的阵容构建策略到球队在阵容构建周期中处于不同阶段的情况，从而带来更稳健的交易和内部转会市场。

这一切都与另一个关键优势相关联：一个约束更少、规则更简单透明的系统，将允许球迷以更多方式与联赛和工资帽进行互动，就像他们对待其他北美主要体育赛事那样。

2026

启动直到至少 2027. Garber 承认，透明度是一项重要步骤。而最大的变化，即对球队在阵容上支出方式的改革，仍有待决定。但随着联盟敲定其 M.L.S. 3.0 计划，这已成为三级变革战略——日历翻转、比赛结构和阵容规则——的最后一个环节。他坚持认为，未来的重大决策应继续采取更激进的姿态。他继续说道：“现在是不是该全力投入的时候了？是的，正是时候。”

[[IMG_XXXX]] 本月在加利福尼亚州卡森市进行的一场洛杉矶银河与洛杉矶足球俱乐部的美国职业足球大联盟（M.L.S.）比赛。M.L.S. 是 1994 世界杯直接促成的结果。

联盟专员 Don Garber 表示，M.L.S. 自 2018, 年赢得世界杯申办以来，一直专注于建设基础设施。这涉及 30 个所有权团体，它们各自具有不同程度的财务承诺、分布在全球各地的正值巅峰时期的球员（其中许多人耐心且谨慎），以及其他联赛中的替补球员。

有些人认为，必须进行变革。这是因为联盟的水平已经陷入平台期。其他人则反驳说，联盟在开始建设数个新体育场方面花费了太多时间。

而目前，变革正发生在联盟经历近 30 年来首次重大领导层更迭的时刻——Garber 的合同将于 2027, 到期，联盟所有者预计将很快就其续约进行投票。

不可否认的是，M.L.S. 的体系非常复杂，像是经过多年拼凑而成的“弗兰肯斯坦”，为了满足所有者的要求和随兴之举而构建，导致临时球迷和忠实球迷都难以跟上。许多规则在衡量进化路径时，与世界各地许多联赛的情况截然不同。

“这是必须做的，而不是也许要做，”Garber 说道。“而且需要时间来摸索正确的方法，因为与今天的 M.L.S. 相比，所有事情都需要时间。”

他认为这会随着时间推移而实现。他表示，之所以将其称为 M.L.S. 3.0，是因为这是一个基于思考战略和伙伴关系参与的稳步增长转型期，并非简单的“开关切换”。

这种共识正变得日益罕见。而变革的具体形式仍不明确。

关于联盟如何将支出分为不同的资金池——通用津贴、专项分配、under-22 计划、指定球员、本土成长球员、资深阵容和预备阵容——以创建平衡的阵容，这使得在保证阵容的同时难以构建，这正是为什么专员的职能如此重要。那个能在这个过程中寻找解决方案的人，必须能够在缺乏某种统一意见的情况下引导局面。

直到 2023 年利奥内尔·梅西的加盟，联盟才真正认真地展开讨论。

现在，变革旨在捕捉拥有全球超级巨星的机会。Garber 本月表示：“我们需要为我们的运动建造‘大教堂’，在我们将业务推向全球时，利用公私合作伙伴关系来实现。”

“我认为这将随着时间的推移而发生。我认为 M.L.S. 3.0 旨在捕捉机会。我们需要确保在硬件达到一流水平的同时，软件也能达到一流水平，”Garber 说道。

MLL.S.

并不真正能够请求进入下一个级别。而这并没有起到作用或解决问题。随着联赛从[此处缺失/不清晰]中脱离，联赛中的体育总监们也持有关于 2000 年代初的那种信念。将带我们走到今天的这一切全部推翻。在某个时间点，即试图几乎一致同意一个——足球之夏，存在着强烈的集体谈判协商。而现在，关键在于通过什么方式。它正在演变。它正在采取一些措施来降低球员成本并维持工资帽的上限和下限，且没有任何限制——信念是，错过眼前的时刻不应意味着错过大局。M.L.S. 球员协会。我们需要或许以不同的方式投资，采取大胆的步骤。”竞争平衡。但随着 M.L.S. 的[此处缺失]并由专门为梅西类球员开辟的球员名额所增强，在场上的产品上，以便我们能够吸引更多的关注，最终将其打造为全球媒体市场。

当然存在分歧。随着球队开始投入更多资金，规则已经日益限制他们以更高水平竞争。如果没有增加任何支出，即使增加任何支出。 “我们可以把这个东西做得大得多，”Lagerwey 说道。纽约市足球俱乐部 (New York City F.C.) 首席执行官 Brad Lagerwey 的措辞更为直白。“如果你想要，现在感觉就是时候了，否则就再也没有机会了，”他说。“我们经历过这样的浪潮。我们进行了所有这些投资。我们利用了基础设施。”

“把它拆到只剩框架，”迈阿密业主 Jorge Mas 告诉我。联赛的所有者和高管们对联赛的未来描绘了一幅乐观的景象。但所有人都承认，关于是否要推翻一切，双方都存在分歧。这证明了一个已经演变并成长起来的董事会。在目前的规则下，如果不对使用指定球员名额，球队被禁止签下总薪酬支出（工资、签约金和奖金）超过 $18 百万的球员。这样的系统将鼓励一些球队采取不同的策略。

访谈对象包括 Garber 以及联赛中的关键利益相关者，以及 Inter Miami 的所有者 Mark Wilf 等。现在是时候共同努力，抓住这一时刻，看看 M.L.S. 能成为什么样的联赛。因为我认为现在有这样的潜力，有这样一个绝佳的机会。

例如，目前的规则禁止[此处缺失]。现在，绝大多数资金都集中在少数几个[此处缺失]上。Sims 和 Garth Lagerwey 这三位赢得过 M.L.S. 杯的总经理，给出了乐观的预测。

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文化 随着音乐飘荡，设备在进化 艺术评论

展览致敬那些曾为我们生活提供背景音乐的机器 作者：WALKER MIMMS

在 120 年里——实际上直到 1999 年 6 月 1 日文件共享服务 Napster 上线之前——按照自己的意愿享受录制音乐在某种程度上是一件苦差事。你必须出门去寻找你想听的录音。（如果你知道它的名字的话。）这可能需要花掉一个上午、一个月或一年。一旦买到，这种媒介制品——这张光盘，这张磁带——必须被放入设备中，并且如果你想再次听到它，还必须保持其清洁、安全且有序。对于独行者来说，还面临额外的挑战：寻找音乐是非自愿的社交活动，会遇到像店员和技术员这样的障碍，或者如果你在广播中搜寻，则会遇到 DJ。

然而，这其中也有好处。友谊与竞争，集体聆听，既是封面又是卷烟滚动台的 LP 唱片套，录音带合辑，搜寻的快感，被迫接触世界。以及器材。通过某种达尔文式的选择，设备在进化，为这一切赋予了尊严、多样性，甚至美感。

如今，实体媒介是一种奢侈品，也是一种声明。这次展览的委约部分明确表达了这一点。音频设计公司 Teenage Engineering 提供了镶嵌有数字采样器的椅子，让你能够操纵预加载歌曲的速度。

此外还有其他的噱头。更为神圣的是由音频工程师 Devon Turnbull 在楼下设立的临时聆听室。他巨大的高音和低音单元运行着一个宽广的音域播放列表，大部分是基于原声的。在周六下午，一名现场技术员会操作 LP 唱片和两英寸磁带，使用的是技术员在录音室中使用的那种机器。来坐一小时吧。下午 5 点后，入场采取随心付费制。（Turnbull 在布鲁克林的 Public Records 俱乐部也有一间永久房间。）

与聆听室不同，这次展览核心的设备是为日常使用而设计的，看着它们会唤起一种扭曲的悲哀，因为设计倾向于随着时间的推移而自我完善。看看 Dieter Rams，这位德国设计之神，现年 94 岁且依然活跃。他为 Braun 品牌设计的 13 款晶体管收音机、唱片转盘和磁带播放器正在展出。大多数产自 20 世纪 50 年代末和 60 年代初——其风格完美、具有条顿特色，冷峻而美丽，配有铬钢外壳和天鹅绒内衬。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 旧金山现代艺术博物馆（SAN FRANCISCO MUSEUM OF MODERN ART） 左侧，Devon Turnbull 的“HiFi Pursuit Listening Room Dream No. 3”，位于“Art of Noise”展。上方，Milton Glaser 为“Bob Dylan’s Greatest Hits”设计的海报。

LISSON GALLERY; PHOTOGRAPH BY MARK WALDHALSER

[[IMG_XXXX]] 库珀休伊特，史密森设计博物馆（COOPER HEWITT, SMITHSONIAN DESIGN MUSEUM） 上方，由 John Vassos 设计的 20 世纪 30 年代（约 1935 年）Special Model M 留声机。 下方，初代 Apple iPod (2001)。 THOMAS BARRATT

位于曼哈顿的“Art of Noise”展览在库珀休伊特，史密森设计博物馆展出，陈列了留声机、电子管和晶体管收音机、唱片转盘、Walkman 等。上方，Wendell Castle 的胡桃木立体声柜（1973）的曲线（左），与 Ron Arad 的“Concrete Stereo”（1983）形成鲜明对比。左侧，另一处安装视图。

它们曾是白灰色和硬软对比的几何形状。它们曾具有革命性。它们暗示，在家聆听音乐可以是，且应该是

é = “我们心中有一种急切的愿望，希望在无需雇佣音乐家的情况下享受音乐。[[SOURCE_CLEANUP_NOTE: 文本片段不完整]] 频率通过一个窗户进入其古巴（Cuba.））约翰·瓦索斯（John Vassos）为 RCA 设计的唱片播放机，在 1935 年像公文包一样可以折叠，其铬钢外壳内衬红色天鹅绒，十分时尚且能成为谈资，是家用音频领域的发明。遗憾的是，没有任何一件设计能像现在的 Apple 设计那样，由 85 及其影响力成为一个公开的秘密。这就是第一代 iPod，在 2001 年发布并在此展出，基本上是对 Rams 的 T3 晶体管收音机（1958 年）的音速转述。而 1947 年的 Rock-Ola 点唱机——摇滚乐的点唱机——正面亮起灯光。虽然 T3 并不在此，但其他 Rams 的设计体现了形式真正开始反抗功能的 1960 年代。

在旧金山现代艺术博物馆（San Francisco Museum of Modern Art），其中一半的展品与现场音乐相关，其主打产品是一个 1973 年的立体声柜，由层压和雕刻胡桃木制成，体积像婴儿床一样大，但带有感官上的、像花生一样的曲线和一个滑稽的盖子。在它旁边立着一个截然不同的产物：一套 1983 年的俱乐部 DJ 系统，由混凝土和钢筋制成，像一个爆炸现场一样崩塌。由英国以色列人雷蒙德·洛威（Raymond Loewy）设计的 1933 年新世界（New World）收音机，形状像教室里的一个物体，被放置在一个底座上，像等待外科医生的镊子一样。这些电子产品被简化到了极致。

不过，展览的一半是在纸上的：数以百计的广告、传单、演唱会海报、LP 唱片封面。这是因为，无论热爱还是惋惜，我们正在快速掠过被拥有的时代，掠过阻碍、摩擦直到地球上的每个人都能从同一个槽中进食，因此不再有偶然性、稀缺性和珍贵感。这是个错误。并不是说米尔顿·格莱泽（Milton Glaser）为“鲍勃·迪伦（Bob Dylan’s Great-”设计的海报没有完成其文化使命。

源自于

旧金山现代艺术博物馆（San Francisco Museum of Modern Art），这里的印刷品没有地说出任何新意，且其中一半与现场音乐相关，它们在某种程度上削弱了更原始的、甚至令人心碎的演变，而这正是此次展览的核心所在。一个 iPod 集群和一个镜面黑的 iPhone，蓝牙扬声器像金条一样，它们都是经典的教育展品，无论是有意还是无意。这些笨重物品的标注无懈可击。

从 1910 年到 2024 年，房间里填满了录制的声音。

虽然这里展出了视觉上更古怪的作品，比如 Pana-sonic 的 Toot-A-Loop (1971年)，一种可以展开成电话接收器形状的手持收音机。这些东西在本质上与当时的地下酒吧的阴霾相同。

而在旧金山现代艺术博物馆，当你在 2024 年接触到这些物品时，不可否认，它们在当时的局限条件下已经做到了最好。

饮食。一个带有 Wi-Fi 的设备缺乏他们风格的音乐地球仪，这几乎是字面上的元设计——设计师 Ron Arad。 “最热门金曲”很无聊。它是天才之作。访问这个展览的 Z 世代游客可能会认为他们想要，而且在这个安全的隐喻中，它是声音传输的媒介。数十个其他功能性雕塑在这里代表了一些最想要知道 Glaser 的设计究竟达到了什么程度。他们是 1960 年代的壁纸。（如果你从未购买过任何音乐，他们——这种信念，没有人需要与他人交谈（库珀-休伊特，史密森尼设计博物馆），通过空间。（你选择了 AM 频率）。让自己变得完整，或者承担消费它的风险。

在《Ted Lasso》之后，他不再是演戏了。而是在比赛。你是如何重返职业足球的？

克里斯托·费尔南德斯（Cristo Fernandez）让足球变得有趣。他饰演的 Dani Rojas 角色就基于我本人。所以我才说 Dani Rojas 非常像我。如果我说我为了这个角色完全改变了自己，那我就是在开玩笑。我们是同一个家伙。

对于克里斯托·费尔南德斯来说，足球（fitbol）真的是生活。三个季度以来，他在 Apple TV 的《Ted Lasso》中饰演那个充满感染力的快乐且无比敬业的足球运动员 Dani Rojas。虽然这部剧在第四季发生了转变，Lasso 转而执教一支第二 division 的女子球队，但费尔南德斯也朝着一个新（且旧）的方向前进。这位 35 岁的球员最近代表美国 USL 冠军联赛的埃尔帕索火车头足球俱乐部（El Paso Locomotive FC）完成了首秀。

由 JONATHAN ABRAMS 报道

我个人曾尝试远离这种角色。我向他解释了我的理由，谈到了我的失败。但显然，他们真的喜欢我的试镜，于是他们决定让我饰演 Dani Rojas。

我尝试让自己远离这种职业足球的记忆，因为回想起我坚持了这么多年的努力以及我的失败，这太痛苦了。但作为一名演员，我的工作一部分就是必须对这次新旅程保持开放。既然我们在扮演职业足球运动员，我至少得看起来像个职业球员，而这三个赛季，大概五、六年时间里，我一直沉浸在这种“Ted Lasso”的旅程中，这激发了我内心的激情。

而且能见到我从小崇拜的英雄，比如罗纳尔迪尼奥（Ronaldinho）、罗纳尔多（Ronaldo）以及墨西哥偶像豪尔赫·坎波斯（Jorge Campos）、路易斯·埃尔南德斯（Luis Hernandez）和安德烈斯·瓜尔达多（Andrés Guardado），这让我心潮澎湃。

我向他倾诉了我的心声，以及这对我意味着什么，然后他说：“好吧，我相信你。如果你说你能做到，我就相信你，我想看你比赛。” 这一幕一直伴随着我，支持着我。

你是否与 Jason Sudeikis 或任何其他剧组演员谈过这件事，他们的反应如何？

我们有一个名为“Ted Lasso Gang”的 WhatsApp 群组，我们在那里保持联系。消息一传出去，他们就发来了消息，所有人都在说：“伙计，太棒了，祝贺你，felicidades amigo，”给了我很多正能量并向我祝贺。我告诉他们：“这都归功于我的家人，《Ted Lasso》。”

你的队友把你当作名人还是普通的球员？

事实上，今天我们进行训练时，一名队友不小心用肘部撞到了我，挺严重的，我觉得很晕。但一切都没事，我很好。但随后他们就开始说：“他在演戏。他刚才在演剧。”

我相信机会，且相信充分的准备能带来成功。在这方面，我非常感激我的队友。我很幸运能拥有他们。

第二层级地在我心中唤起了一种对扮演此类角色的激情，而每个人都……如果没有男足在联合国的 fatbol（足球）再次出现，我就不会在这里。我想在埃尔帕索随队期间，我成了一个“氛围制造者”。这一切都始于他们和各州。在某种程度上，我有点像个疯子，持有某种信念。“特德·拉斯索”（Ted Lasso）成为了一个生活往往模仿艺术的例子。在费南-

每一次有人告诉我“不”的时候，我就更想向你证明“能”。达尼·罗哈斯（Dani Rojas）是一个以在比赛时拥有极强感染力的能量而闻名的人物。你是否也拥有同样的特质？

在专业领域，而不仅仅是在职业生涯中，而且在心理健康和信念方面。

这是否感觉像是一个新篇章的开始，还是在完成一件未竟的……

作为一名演员，最大的梦想将是有一天能演到一个让我能够完全改变自己，甚至改变口音，甚至增加体重或完全重塑自我的角色。但是，

你是否想过在体育场里，你的第一个进球后的庆祝动作会是什么样？真的，

什么将我带入《特德·拉斯索》的是达尼·罗哈斯这个角色。原本这应该是一个名为冈纳（Gunnar）的冰岛人。实际上在我的第一次剧本朗读会上，上面写着“冈纳，由克里斯托·费尔南德斯（Cristo Fernandez）饰演”。当时我想，“我该如何扮演一个冰岛男人？这完全会是一个彻底的……

[[IMG_XXXX]]

克里斯托·费尔南德斯，35 岁，曾在《特德·拉斯索》中饰演一名足球运动员，现在正在德克萨斯州的一支足球队中效力。青少年时期，他在墨西哥职业联赛效力。

这并不是我跑进场内踢球，然后获得球场观众掌声的情况，对吧？对我来说，想要重返职业足球赛场并不容易。

我父亲不幸在 12 月去世了，他是我最大的灵感来源，也是我重新开始踢球的原因。去年，我告诉他这个关于回归的疯狂梦想，他说的第一句话就是：“克里斯托，你有那些伤病。得照顾好你的膝盖。你会被你的身体给……

【OCR清理说明：...】

《纽约时报》在克里斯托·费尔南德斯首秀前不久采访了他，内容仅关乎一件事。与他在通过《特德·拉斯索》重新发现这项运动时的情况一样。人们在首映式上看到你，在任何电影中看到你，他们会想：“这家伙真幸运。”但每个人都有自己的故事，

这其实是对现实的模仿。也许绕圈子跑会很有趣。

本采访为了清晰起见经过了编辑和压缩。

在专业领域，作为一名青少年，他在墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉效力，但在一次膝盖受伤导致其职业生涯受挫后，他转向了一个新领域——表演。最近，费尔南德斯完成了 MLS 俱乐部芝加哥之火 FC II 的试训，为重返职业足球铺平了道路。仅仅站在足球场上，就唤起了如此巨大的努力。人们只会看到结果。

我甚至不知道我现在作为一名足球运动员该如何反应。我不知道我是否真的会计划。我会非常激动，我会非常开心。但也许一个达尼·罗哈斯的庆祝动作……

14 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

文化

一件被遗忘的米开朗基罗杰作 7 研究骨骼、肌肉与皮肤的奇迹。（这在当时是一种未经许可但被容忍的行为。）作为给 di Giovanna 神父的感谢礼，米开朗基罗用椴木为教堂的高祭坛雕刻了一个十字架。

圣灵十字架 (The Santo Spirito Crucifix) 值得近距离观赏。 作者：扎卡里·法恩 (ZACHARY FINE)

这里的背景故事至关重要，因为我们必须记住，米开朗基罗不仅在研究尸体，他还在雕刻一具尸体。使他的基督像如此诡谲的原因在于死亡迹象——象牙色的发黄皮肤、伤口流出的血迹、像棕色海藻般结块的头发——与孩童般的比例、纤细的肋骨以及四肢未发育的肌肉之间的冲突。

一些比例上的奇特之处被归因于十字架在高祭坛上的原始放置位置，我们之所以知道这一点，是因为米开朗基罗的早期传记作者阿斯卡尼奥·孔迪维 (Ascanio Condivi) 和乔尔乔·瓦萨里 (Giorgio Vasari)，以及 1500 年代的一篇记录。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 乌菲齐美术馆展示的这座十字架位于旧唱诗班席上方。但无论你站在哪里，无论从哪个角度看，它都同样诡异且扣人心弦。

将米开朗基罗的作品与其他当代人在佛罗伦萨创作的多彩十字架进行对比，例如贝内代托·达·迈亚诺 (Benedetto da Maiano) 和桑加罗兄弟 (Sangallo brothers)，或者布鲁内莱斯基 (Brunelleschi) 和多纳泰罗 (Donatello) 较早期的作品。后者的表现都更加自然且比例协调。但他们在情感键盘上敲击的音符较少。米开朗基罗的作品则发挥了人类情感的全部振幅和色调。

如果你参观圣灵教堂，请尽可能靠近地观察这个十字架。观察腋下的深坑，胸前 sprouting 的汗毛，以及脚趾和手指被啃掉的部分。

1962 年 9 月的一天，艺术史学家玛格丽特·利斯纳 (Margrit Lisner) 心情不佳地来到了圣灵广场。她当时在佛罗伦萨留学，研究分布在托斯卡纳各地的十字架。在那个特定的日子里，由于某种神圣的运气，她不想去艺术史研究所 (Kunsthistorisches Institut) 的图书馆工作。相反，利斯纳溜到了圣灵教堂，在那里她遇到了奥古斯丁会修士吉多·巴莱斯特里 (Guido Balestri)。

利斯纳漫不经心地提到她正在研究十字架，巴莱斯特里神父说回廊里藏着一个十字架。他带领她穿过一条走廊前往旧教区住宅，果然，门上方悬挂着一座基督的木雕，身体纤细且色调暗淡，完全赤裸。腿部的弯曲，头骨的形状——利斯纳立即意识到自己在看什么。这是她下一本书的最后一章：“米开朗基罗的失踪十字架”。她找到了它。

一件由西方艺术史上最著名的雕塑家创作的作品，竟然在这样一个艺术财富满溢的城市中被遗忘，这既令人难以置信，又不令人意外。如今，谁在看完 17 英尺高的《大卫》——一个规模宏大、美到令人窒息的赤裸大理石男人——之后，还会向他们干渴且暴躁的亲戚宣布：现在让我们穿过阿诺河，去一家非常古老的教堂，看另一尊米开朗基罗的雕塑，但这次是一尊小小的、用旧木头做的！这很难推销。然而，我会认为这是你在艺术之旅中能做出的最佳决定之一。

难以想象的是，他在雕刻这个作品时，生命中还有 70 多年的时光在等待着他。（我们是在谈论一个为不少于 8 位教皇工作的男人。）然而，米开朗基罗竟然已经掌握了人类情感的全部广度和色调。

圣灵圣殿（Basilica Santo Spirito），但最重要的是，看看那张脸。那种生命力。在佛罗伦萨的圣灵圣殿中，当你从中殿走近时，首先注意到关于耶稣的一点是，他看起来像一只新鲜剥壳的虾。闪烁的身体，令人不安的赤裸，萎缩的腰肢和四肢……比例在 1493 年雕刻时就显得“令人不安地错误”，正如艺术评论家马丁·盖福德（Martin Gayford）所言。

圣灵圣殿的部分构图不协调，拉长的前额将所有面部特征推向中间，就像一碗浓汤里的蔬菜，然而这些特征本身却令人惊叹，尤其是嘴部周围像拇指按压般的痕迹，以及眼睛中深藏的隐私。我在今年夏天站在教堂里时瞥见了这种“虾米般”的古怪感，并深受触动，以至于愿意支付两欧元进入市政圣灵圣殿祭衣室，那里将十字架悬挂在房间中央，由一根长 70 英尺以上的长杆从天花板垂下。我从未见过如此奇怪且脆弱的小东西就这样悬在空中，被如此巨大的空虚所包裹。

米开朗基罗以那些在雄心和规模上令人震撼的作品而闻名：西斯廷礼拜堂的壁画、圣彼得大教堂、教皇尤利乌斯二世的陵墓，以及他从那块不听话的大理石中凿出的《大卫》。这些躯体肌肉起伏，充满行动力；其特征厚实且饱满。除《圣母怜子》外，米开朗基罗的作品并不以甜美、脆弱或视觉上的静谧著称。他也不以木雕闻名，而圣灵十字架可能是唯一幸存的例子（如果不计入巴杰罗国家博物馆中真实性存疑的加利诺十字架的话）。

在面对大理石时，米开朗基罗不知怎么地让石头在凿子下变得像液体一样。几十年来，这个十字架一直处于圣灵圣殿与布昂纳罗蒂之家（Casa Buonarroti）之间的尴尬境地，后者是它被送去修复的地方。教堂多次要求归还，直到 2000 年它才被送回并安置在祭衣室中。起初，有些人对其真实性持怀疑态度，但支持它的证据——在孔迪维（Condivi）和瓦萨里（Vasari）的描述中，以及乌菲兹美术馆的备份图纸——几乎是你能要求的决定性证据。

我询问了米开朗基罗专家保罗·乔安尼德斯（Paul Joannides），他是剑桥大学艺术史名誉教授，如果对其真实性仍有任何疑虑，他会怎么说。他回答道：“我不认为现在还有人会对圣灵十字架持有无限的怀疑。我绝对不这么认为。”

佛罗伦萨圣灵奥古斯丁社区

至于这座雕塑为何消失的一个解释，是因为它的失败和令人失望之处。有些人认为它不真实且笨拙，而且这是一件很容易被遗忘的早期作品。但我们敦促任何人不要停留在这种印象中。

我们知道，米开朗基罗在雕刻这个十字架时大约 18 岁。

这种失败促使他转向了一种新的工艺。洛伦佐及其子皮耶罗与圣灵圣殿都有深厚联系，且很可能是这些美第奇家族成员引导米开朗基罗成为了一个典型的文艺复兴人：外交官、银行家、收藏家、权力掮客、奢靡的通奸者以及主要的艺术赞助人。到 1480 年代末，佛罗伦萨的一流雕刻家已经严重短缺。当时米开朗基罗大约 18 岁。

Bru- gelo 与教堂主祭 Nic- sion。我们看到的并非等比例的 Santo Spirito —— 尽管他年轻但并不 unskilled。那一年大概是 1493 年，介于 1492 年洛伦佐·德·美第奇去世与米开朗基罗于 1494 年离开佛罗伦萨前往波隆那之间；Verrocchio 刚刚去世；而 Pol- di Giovanna。作为一种关照，di 父 给了米开朗基罗一个赤裸人体艺术家所能要求的最大礼物：无限的尸体。米开朗基罗在 con- 中获得了一间房间，靠近 infirmary，并在那里进行创作。

我们拦截到了一次私人的虔诚视觉体验。正是这种纯粹性和神秘感，使得某些顶尖艺术作品值得称道。从这个意义上说，洛伦佐是一个完美的文艺复兴人物。

[[IMG_XXXX]] 佛罗伦萨圣灵奥古斯丁社区 (AUGUSTINIAN COMMUNITY OF SANTO SPIRITO, FLORENCE) 米开朗基罗的十字架像堪称完美。

他在 Domenico Ghirlandaio 的工作室中是一名前途无量的年轻学徒。

---

当家族产业是谋杀——包括勒死、下毒、捅刺以及将谋杀伪装成意外时。

这部小说是 Justine Larbalestier 和 Scott Westerfeld 合作的作品，两人是结婚的青年文学作家，其作品包括（她的）《Liar》和（他的）“Uglies”系列。《The Mortons》面向成年读者，但作者们的 Y.A. 经验体现在其极其不可思议的情节和幻想色彩中。其核心提出了一个问题：如果你在一家充满魅力且冷酷无情的怪物家庭中长大，你能否洗脑自己并走上一条非家族传承的道路？在这种成长环境下，同理心是否还可能存在？

书评 由 Justine Larbalestier 和 Scott Westerfeld 著。Pamela Dorman Books/Viking 出版。 454 页。 $32。 作者：SARAH LYALL

Morton 家族——极具权力且高度犯罪——为年轻的 Peter Morton 的葬礼而聚集，Peter 在一次不幸的大学登山事故中过早去世。如果你参加这次奇怪的活动，你可能会注意到在黑色海洋中偶尔闪现的红色——一条红色领带、一枝杜鹃花、一根枢机主教羽毛。

Morton 家族在进行熟练的操纵，就像他们在花园里一样。在 Helshire，被采纳的 Morton 们及其来自其他三个古老犯罪王朝的“传承”同学一起学习。这些同学在 Disruptive Anatomy（尸体解剖）、Forensic Accounting（金融犯罪）和 Legacy Chemistry（传承化学）等科目中上课，在化学课上，他们学习“最安静的毒药，最响亮的炸弹”。

在长辈们的全方位监视下，Jessica 起初做每件事都恰到好处：成绩优异，随叫随停地完成杀戮，并灵活运用胡萝卜加大棒政策来引导那些被称作“普通人”的非传承学生——这些学生让家族感到失望，因此从未获得 Morton 家族的控制权。她能与最顶尖的人即兴互动。“在那儿见我。记得带上尸体袋，”她在一次计划外的谋杀后对一名表亲厉声命令道。但一系列不可预见的事件出现在她的生活里，其中就包括一个极具魅力、给她的生活带来一些令人愉快的性感混乱的 Morton。

Jessica, 20, 是家族中的神童，是她这一代人中最好的：体魄强健，情感麻木，完美无瑕。

有时这本书感觉在细节的重量下快要崩塌。它的规则并不总是连贯。很难理解为什么有些事情是被允许的（比如 Jessica 用剃刀将兔子片死），而有些则不行（比如 Peter 用炸弹炸死兔子）。家族墓地里充满了 Morton 家族成员的尸体。

施加在无辜之人身上的这种痛苦（以及在奥林叔叔的帽子里），”杰西卡指出。那个决定性的初三学年将严重考验兔子的忠诚及其道德底线。这与彼得的表亲，也是本书叙述者莫顿所面临的问题相同，她自己穿着一件内衬血红丝绸的优雅黑色夹克。在 7 岁时，她成功通过了“mors curiae”（即“死亡关怀”），这是年轻莫顿成员面临的第一次重大考验。莫顿的任务是（这对读者来说并不愉快）带着一只兔子到处跑一年，然后将其宰杀。只有“血染”的莫顿，即那些为了家族职责而犯下谋杀罪的人，才被允许获得救赎的机会（或许还会有续集）。但这些兔子有像“蓬松先生” (Mister Fluffernutter) 和“酸黄瓜医生” (Doctor Pickle) 这样的名字。孩子们爱它们；正因如此，它们必须死。

一些角色特别有趣，比如杰西卡的母亲，她住在巨大的家族庄园里，但过去 12 年一直卧床不起，患有一种未指明的神经系统疾病。而塞巴斯蒂安，一个被视为家族成员的非莫顿人士告诉杰西卡，“你被虐待了，你甚至根本不知道。”

“宰兔留子，”这就是家族的说法。这次事件的影响将贯穿整本书。正如家人所期待的，杰西卡就读于海尔希尔学院 (Helshire College)，那里的学生被称为“恶魔” (Hellions)，而书中关于“暗黑学院” (Dark Academia) 的部分则非常精彩。

就像《权力的游戏》中那些心软的观众一样，他们可能得在对惊险情节的热情与对所有酷刑的厌恶之间进行权衡。尽管如此，亲手宰杀兔子反而更让人难以接受。莫顿一家绝非简单的黑帮，甚至不是简单的杀人犯。他们就像是柯里昂家族、亚当斯家族、塔里安家族和博吉亚家族的结合体——擅长贿赂、敲诈和财务操纵。

这本书充满了创造活力、刻薄的幽默感，以及对艺术、前卫时尚和调酒等主题的有趣涉猎。（一个关于杰西卡·维罗尼卡姨妈的特别细节：作者们体贴地为杰西卡提供了一款名为“上州酸味” (Upstate Sour) 的饮品，其成分包括波本威士忌、蛋清、少许马尔贝克红酒——以及一抹蓖麻毒素。）

(不幸的是，这个角色并不在这个世界上。) 想象一下，如果你把柯里昂、亚当斯、塔里安和博吉亚家族揉在一起会发生什么。

在 10 岁时，杰西卡协助杀死了她的父亲，被家族称为马克斯叔叔。她用一把斧头自发地将她的 7 个表亲砍死。

萨拉·莱尔 (Sarah Lyall) 是《纽约时报》的特约撰稿人，负责撰写涵盖广泛领域的时事、特稿和分析报告。

纽约时报 国际版 2026年7月28日，星期二 | 15

生活方式

沙拉大放异彩的最佳时机

本月的菜单并非三道菜的正餐，而是一次全盘上桌的盛宴——如果条件允许，最好是在户外。最近的一次农民市场之旅让我进入了“土耳其烤肉模式”，自从我回来后，我就一直想尝试这种风格。

对于本月的菜单，最出色的一道 pilaf（普拉夫饭）应选用鸡汤作为烹饪液体。当然，如果你喜欢，可以搭配像 lavash 或 pita 这样的扁面包。

一种在土耳其广受欢迎的香料——苏马克 (Sumac)，是这道沙拉的灵魂。这款沙拉不含醋或柠檬汁，仅依靠研磨的苏马克来提供其独特的酸味。

在这种肉类选择中，肩肉是最佳选择。其大理石花纹使肉质多汁。瘦腿肉在烧烤时难度稍大，因为过度烹饪容易导致口感干柴。超市里预切好的羊肉炖肉块是极佳的选择。

撒在肉上的焦香洋葱更是点睛之笔。而在夏季，水果甜点则是不二之选。

串肉在中东地区非常流行，非常适合加入柠檬味。屠宰店提供的肉类通常是两种部位的混合。在夏天，尤其是当优质桃子上市时，由 DAVID TANIS 提供的这道菜正是小型聚会的理想之选。当没有柑橘类水果时，我可以求助于此。切片洋葱配盐和sumac（漆树粉）搅拌而成的沙拉绝对是必不可少的，同样不可或缺的还有一碗咸香的 pilaf（炊饭）。

夏季绚丽的农产品并不总是一齐成熟，而是在整个季节中逐渐出现。在每一个时刻，我们都期待着渴望已久的樱桃、桃子、甜瓜、玉米、番茄和辣椒的到来。现在，我们已经走在前往农贸市场的路上了，正是农贸市场货品最丰富的时候，摊位上几乎能买到所有东西。这一切都带来了一种兴奋感：厨师们可以尽情地尝试各种蔬菜。夏季的晚餐可以是简单、自在的。

我的理想番茄沙拉会尽可能多地使用从花园或农贸市场采摘的新鲜番茄，涵盖各种形状、大小和颜色。将切片和切块的樱桃番茄仔细地撒上盐和胡椒，淋上特级初榨橄榄油。对于番茄块，明智的厨师会选择最美味、最成熟的。但一份全红番茄的沙拉同样迷人。现在想象一下，在上面撒上新鲜脆口的红洋葱（新收割的，越小越好）。

同样地，准备一份咸香的 pilaf 也很简单，且能让餐桌显得丰盛。这是一种由烤 orzo（米形面）和洋葱组成的炊饭，类似于用细面（vermicelli）制作的其他 pilaf。记得把锅里的汤汁也淋在上面。

为了获得最嫩的羊肉串，建议请一位好的屠宰师为您切割羊肉。清真屠宰店通常就有您需要的部位。（虽然许多厨师也会加入少许柠檬汁。）在橄榄油以及全香子、孜然和大蒜等芳香料中腌制后，将羊肉串在炭火上烧烤或使用烤箱的broiler（强火烤架）模式。羊肉串看起来非常精美，配上铺底的芝麻菜和柠檬汁，再加上一碗亮白浓郁的酸奶芝麻酱。

此外，还准备一份桃子甜点。想象一个大盘子，底层铺着厚厚的一层切片和切块番茄，上面摆放着烤好的羊肉串，配以酸奶酱。

至于桃子，将它们对半切开，去掉核。稍微不熟的桃子效果很好，或者使用熟而坚实的桃子。将它们切面向上摆放在烤盘或煎锅中，加入少许红糖增加甜味。现在用broiler模式烤至几乎焦掉。

在食用时，加入少许咸 feta 奶酪和烤开心果，能给这些桃子增添一种优雅感。无论温食还是冷食都很好吃。其清新的口感源于最后时刻切入的薄荷、莳萝、香菜和罗勒。

SUMMER TOMATO SALAD WITH SUMAC ONIONS 夏季番茄沙拉配 sumac 洋葱

时间：15 分钟 份量：4 到 6 人份

BROILED PEACHES WITH FETA AND PISTACHIOS 烤桃子配 feta 奶酪和开心果

时间：25 分钟 份量：6 人份

1 个小红洋葱 ¥% 杯去壳开心果 海盐和黑胡椒 6 个中等大小的桃子或油桃，2 磅中等或大型番茄（最好是无核品种） 1 品脱圣女果 % 杯浅棕色糖 特级初榨橄榄油 % 杯蜂蜜，另备少量用于食用 2 汤匙切碎的莳萝 6 片（%英寸厚）菲塔奶酪（取自 8 盎司的大块奶酪） 2 汤匙切碎的香菜 1 汤匙切碎的薄荷 一把小罗勒叶 1 汤匙研磨的苏马克 1. 预热烤箱顶火（broiler）。在灶台上，将一个小锅置于中火上。加入开心果。经常搅拌，将坚果烤至出香味，约 3 分钟。离火并冷却。粗略切碎并备用。 1. 将洋葱横切成 % 英寸的圆环，轻轻撒上盐，然后用冰水浸泡并备用。 2. 将桃子对半切开，取出核。将桃子对半放在一个 9-by-13-inch 的耐高温烤盘中，切面朝上。在每半个桃子上撒少许（不到 1 汤匙）浅棕色糖。用约 1 茶匙蜂蜜淋在每个桃子半圆上，必要时转动烤盘。冷却至室温。 2. 将中等或大型番茄切成片或楔形，将圣女果对半切开。将切片或楔形番茄铺在宽盘中，将圣女果铺在上面。 3. 将所有食材慷慨地用海盐和黑胡椒调味。 3. 将烤盘置于顶火烤箱下，距离热源约 6 英寸，烤至糖分呈棕色且有焦痕，且桃子稍微变软，约 7 到 10 分钟。 4. 食用时，将 2 个桃子半圆放在盘中。在每盘放一片菲塔奶酪。 4. 将特级初榨橄榄油淋在番茄上。食用前，在各处撒上莳萝、香菜和薄荷，并在番茄上撒上大量苏马克和少许盐，最后将开心果散布在沙拉上。 5. 沥干并拍干洋葱的水分。将洋葱圆环分离并放回碗中！撒上苏马克和额外的一小撮盐。 5. 淋上盘中剩余的汁液，或根据喜好再加一点蜂蜜。

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大把海盐 1. 将羊肉块放入一个大碗中。调味后准备使用，至少 10 分钟。翻面一次，目标为五分熟（medium-rare）。1 茶匙孜然粉 少许红辣椒粉 配合盐和胡椒调味，然后加入孜然，最好是现磨的，但可保存 2 天。（您希望肉质多汁但不要太生。）1 茶匙香菜粉 2 汤匙特级初榨橄榄油 香菜、多香果、碎红辣椒 4. 如果制作，请准备欧佐米饭（orzo pilaf）：融化 在大盘中铺上一层芝麻菜。¥ 茶匙多香果和大蒜。淋上橄榄油。使用您的 对于欧佐米米饭（Orzo Pilaf）：黄油与油在中型厚底锅中 将烤好的串肉放在上面，搭配 蒜味酸奶酱和 lavash 或其他 flatbread 3 汤匙无盐黄油 中高火加热。加入 4 瓣大蒜（磨碎或拍碎） 洋葱和少许盐，炒至微黄，约 5 分钟。加入 1 汤匙特级初榨橄榄油 6. 将欧佐米米饭拨松，撒上青葱 1 杯细切黄洋葱 2. 放入冰箱腌制至少 30 分钟，最多可达数小时（或提前一天）。将羊肉块穿在短签上，不要太拥挤（每份约 5 到 6 盎司肉 欧佐米和稍微煎棕，搅拌，约 几分钟。加入米饭并搅拌均匀。加入 ¥% 杯欧佐米 欧佐米，并在顶部挤上柠檬皮屑 几把芝麻菜 1% 杯长粒米，洗净并沥干 2 片小月桂叶 和大蒜，然后加入肉汤。 柠檬角 烧开后，将火力调至低火并 盖上锅盖。烹煮 20 分钟，直到 lavash 或其他 flatbread。

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THE GIRLFRIEND A MICHELANGELO SUMMER BRINGS FRESH NAMED IN HIS WILL MASTERPIECE PRODUCE TO THE TABLE PAGE7 | BUSINESS PAGE 14 | CULTURE PAGE 15 | LIVING

he New Dork Gim INTERNATIONAL EDITION | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026

Why Vance ——- Momentum still trumps in war draws Rubio in ’28 investor eyes to Ukraine n apetnene. eetiegtae

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        GDANSK, POLAND

Ross Douthat Talks over reconstruction focus on private funding and business opportunities OPINION BY ANDREW E. KRAMER For the first year of the second Trump presidency, JD Vance served primarily The mood has shifted on the war in as the White House’s designated tough Ukraine. Just ask the businessmen who guy. Rather than a softener of Trumpian sipped cocktails and toasted deals one harshness, he was charged with being recent evening at a party outside a hip (or chose to be) tougher than the presi- dockside cafe. dent himself, whether that meant pub- The party followed a conference in licly pressuring Volodymyr Zelensky or Gdansk, Poland, on the postwar recon- defending the Minneapolis immigration struction of Ukraine. Previous gather- crackdown or making a symbolic flight ings revolved around donor assistance. to Greenland, the frozen object of the This year, the emphasis was private in- president's desire. vestment — a view of Ukraine not as a In the past several months, Vance’s battered victim but as a large postwar role has changed. He was the most market on a path to European Union prominent internal skeptic of the presi- membership. dent’s decision to attack Iran and then The change was a sign of a more up- the b of beat assessment among diplomats, mili- the Iranian knot. (He has also embarked tary analysts and businessmen of Kyiv’s —_—_ ona—somewhat prospects in the war. The front line is The vice — culturally concil- still a crucible of drone-fueled violence, president's iatory book tour PHOTOGRAPHS BY EMILE DUCKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES and Russian missiles continue to streak Bice and welcomed a A portrait of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran’s former supreme leader who was killed at the beginning of the U.S.-Israeli attack, looming over the streets of Tehran this month. into Ukrainian cities. But Russia’s ad- initial 7 new son.) vances have been mostly halted, and opposition to Because I think Ukraine is hitting back regularly, includ-

                                                                                   Defiance amid suffering

the war may that the Iran war ing with strikes on Moscow. not impede his _ has beena folly and The overarching pitch at the confer- political future. asnare, I have ence was to put money into Ukraine greatly preferred even as it remains at war. Any such in- this version of the vestment is a wager that Ukraine will Vance vice presi- deny Russia its broad ambitions in the dency to the version that seemed sub- ality. We found grief accompanied by a conflict and remain an independent IRAN DISPATCH sumed into id-driven conservative EHRAN fierce sense of national pride, opposition state. politics. By contrast, while I thought to the government tempered by unease Among the 7,500 attendees was that Marco Rubio’s performance in his over foreign intervention, outwardly lib- Jeremy Lewin, the U.S. State Depart- first year as secretary of state was A journey in Iran reveals eral lifestyles unfolding alongside reli- ment’s under secretary for foreign as- extremely effective, Rubio’s perform- gious mourning, and anger at Israel and sistance and humanitarian affairs. In a ance vis-a-vis Iran has often beena a complicated reality of the United States alongside frustration speech, he said this was the moment to profile in evasion, letting other officials resilience, unity and anger with economic hardship and state re- “invest in the D.L.B.,” or the defense in- take risks to either own the war or seek strictions. dustrial base, in Ukraine. a peace while he keeps his options open. BY ABDI LATIF DAHIR Understanding Iran meant holding all The conference produced 160 agree- Republican Party politics, however, of those realities in view at once. ments that netted Ukraine about $11 bil- often do not conform to my preferences, Before I had even set foot in Iran, the lion in private investment and aid, ac- and the version of Vance that I’ve pre- country had begun telling me a version ENTER TEHRAN cording to Yuliia Svyrydenko, who until ferred is also the version who seems to of its modern-day story. Our first stop was Golestan Palace. earlier this month was Ukraine's prime his internal G.O.P. enemies to be politi- It started on the Iran Air flight. The government’s choice was hardly minister. cally weakened. From swarming online Tucked into the seat pocket in front of accidental. It wanted to show how the The Export-Import Bank of the attacks to stinging critiques from The every passenger was a leaflet bearing war had reached beyond military tar- United States announced an up to $300 Wall Street Journal and Ben Shapiro, the face of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the gets to places central to Iran’s history million line of credit for Naftogaz, there’s a palpable sense in the Vance- country’s supreme leader who was and identity. Ukraine's state oil and gas company, to skeptical parts of the right that the vice killed months earlier, at the onset of the The sprawling UNESCO World Her- buy American construction equipment president is unusually vulnerable and U.S.-Israeli attacks on Iran. The mes- itage site dates to a chapter of Iranian and oil industry services. that a Rubio scenario for 2028 might sage was unmistakable. Before visitors history that predates the Islamic Repub- For now, Ukraine’s economy is actually be viable. saw Tehran's streets or spoke to a single Selling bags in central Tehran, a sign of normal life in parts of the city. As a government lic. Once the ceremonial seat of the Qa- propped up by international aid. But the The Vance skeptics have some data Iranian, they were being introduced toa guide observed in one restaurant, for some “it’s as if Ayatollah Khamenei didn’t die.” jar dynasty, it was where Persian kings country’s long-term prospects are po- on their side. Rubio has crept upon nation in mourning, one determined to held court beneath glittering mirrored tentially lucrative. Ukraine holds one of Vance in anew 2028 New Hampshire highlight the foreign aggression it had ceilings and elaborate tilework. Europe’s largest known reserves of nat- primary poll and sits not that far below endured. nalists allowed into the country since Mashhad, the birthplace of the oyatallah Now parts of it bore fresh scars after ural gas, with an estimated value of the vice president in betting markets. When I reached the airport, portraits the war began in late February. Before and the city where he would be bi being damaged in a strike targeting a ju- about $300 billion. And you can certainly make a case that of Ayatollah Khamenei were watching that, thousands of protesters were killed During our visit, the war, which fhhad diciary building nearby. “People are looking at serious busi- being initially right about the Iran war over the arrivals hall. Giant banners following antigovernment protests that briefly paused under a fragile cease-fire, Shadi Jafari, who led the media tour, ness opportunities” in Ukraine, said doesn’t offer much political upside to the proclaimed endurance. Posters and began in late December. We were al- began flaring again. said it was “unfortunate” how the palace Duncan Nightingale, the chairman of DOUTHAT, PAGE 10 flags called for revenge. The message lowed to report on _ Ayatollah While the Iran we encountered was IRAN, PAGE 4 the board of Naftogaz. The forum from Iran’s leaders was clear: The coun- Khamenei’s funeral ceremonies, accom- shaped by war, it was not defined by it buzzed with “a very high level of opti- The New York Times publishes opinion try had suffered. It had survived, and panied by a government-appointed alone. HOW THE U.S.-IRAN CEASE-FIRE UNRAVELED mism,” he said. from a wide range of perspectives in the world needed to see both. translator and a guide. Even as the state projected strength, A truce that looked like a success fell Ukraine still faces battlefield chal- hopes of promoting constructive debate I arrived in Iran in early July as part We spent several days reporting in resilience and national unity, the people apart as ships passing through the lenges, including a slow but steady Rus- about consequential questions. of the first team of New York Times jour- Tehran, the capital, before traveling to we met revealed a more complicated re- Strait of Hormuz faced obstacles. PAGE 4 UKRAINE, PAGE 8

France, broiling, turns to Spain for survival tips The New York Gimes PARIS “France is discovering that in sum- mer, it will become Spain,” Mr. Faran- dou, 69, said in a recent interview. “Itis a country that resembles us,” he added. On the job. A government delegation “We know that Spain works, even when Out in the world. it’s hot.” hopes to learn how to cope In September, when the French gov- Provide a companywide subscription to The Times. with very hot weather ernment’s need to respond to heat Learn more at nytimes.com/atwork. waves will presumably have eased, Mr. BY MARK LANDLER Farandou and his small delegation will spend a few days in Spain, talking to Jean-Pierre Farandou grew up in the government officials, business execu- sunbaked southwest of France, north of tives, union leaders, academics and or- the Pyrénées mountain range, which dinary people. The goal is to understand divides France from Spain. His grand- how Spaniards organize their society to parents, he recalls, were farmers who cope with frequent spells of extreme rose to work in the cool predawn hours heat. and rested in the heat of the day, the Some of the measures are obvious French equivalent of a Spanish siesta. and already being tried in France: shift- So, when Mr. Farandou, now France’s ing work hours to earlier in the day, par- labor minister, was searching for ways ticularly for outdoor or manual work- to respond to the heat waves that have ers; frequent rests, which help people scorched France, he instinctively cast recover from sleep lost during heat his eye toward Spain. Mr. Farandou con- waves; and an emphasis on drinking flu- tacted his Spanish counterpart, Yolanda ids. CESAR MANSO/AGENCE FRANCE. PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES Diaz, and proposed a field trip to Ma- Spain also provides paid leave during Fighting a wildfire near San Martin de Valdeiglesias, Spain, on Sunday. In recent days, drid, the capital, to explore how Spain climate-related disruptions, though it blazes in Spain and France have forced hundreds of thousands to evacuate. has adapted to its climate. FRANCE, PAGE 2

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PAGE TWO

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Japanese scientist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      who won Nobel Prize
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      SUSUMU TONEGAWA                                                      scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physi-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1939-2026
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ology or Medicine, “for his discovery of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           the genetic principle for generation of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          antibody diversity.”
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      BY DYLAN LOEB MCCLAIN                                                   The                 of Dr.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          discovery, the Nobel committee ‘noted,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Susumu Tonegawa, a Japanese molecu-                                 could include making vaccines more ef-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      lar biologist who won the Nobel Prize in                            fective, developing immunological ther-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1987 for figuring out how the body can                              apies and figuring out how to combat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      produce sufficient antibodies to combat                              autoimmune diseases that occur when
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      a multitude of infections, and who                          later    antibodies begin attacking healthy cells.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      advanced the understanding of how the                                  In   1994, as a professor        at M.LT.,      Dr.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      brain works by discovering how memo-                                Tonegawa turned his attention to a new
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ries       are   stored,      died     on    July   11 at     his   subject: neuroscience. After founding
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      home in San Mateo, Calif. He was 86.                                the M.LT. Center for Learning and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         The Massachusetts Institute of Tech-                             Memory (now the Picower Institute), he
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      nology, where Dr. Tonegawa was a pro-                               focused on understanding how memo-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      fessor, announced               his death.                          ries are stored in the brain.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         “Few scientists have reshaped our                                   Using state-of-the-art technology, he
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      understanding of biology as                                         looked at a group of cells known as en-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      foundly,” Myriam Heiman, the director                               grams, in the hippocampus — the part of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      of M.LT’s Picower Institute for Learn-                              the brain responsible for integrating
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ing and Memory, which Dr. Tonegawa                                  new information into memory — and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      founded          in   1994,    said     in    a statement.          elsewhere. Dr. Tonegawa discovered
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      “His intellectual fearlessness, extraor-                            that memories are created in the en-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      dinary creativity and relentless pursuit                            gram cells from a variety of elements,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      of fundamental questions opened en-                                 including experiences and perceptions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      tirely new frontiers in both immunology                             of space, time and the physical charac-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      and neuroscience.”                                                  teristics of objects.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         For decades, scientists were con-                                   In an interview, Li-Huei Tsai, a neuro-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      founded by the antibodies created in the                            scientist who succeeded Dr. Tonegawa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      white blood cells known as B lympho-                                as the director of the Center for Learn-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      cytes.                                                              ing and Memory, equated the process to
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Those antibodies, which fight disease,                           the way an orchestra combines multiple
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      are shaped like Y’s, with two long and                              instruments to produce a piece of music.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      two short symmetrical chains of pro-
                                                                                                                                                                        DMITRY KOSTYUKOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES.      teins built from amino acids, all bound

Trying to stay cool in Paris during a heat wave last month. The French health authorities recorded nearly 6,000 excess deaths from June 17 to July 2, when temperatures spiked. together by bridges of sulfur atoms. Most of the long proteins and some of the short ones are considered constants

Broiling, France turns to Spain ee they are the same in all antibod- ie: “At the end of each strand are variable amino acids that allow the antibodies to bind to antigens on an array of infec- FRANCE, FROM PAGE 1 At workplaces that require a dress tions, disabling them. A common anal- adopted that after disastrous floods in reiertt code, such as government ministries, he ogy is that the constant amino acids are Valencia in 2024 rather than because of t \A @£Geduy said he supported allowing employees like the shaft of a key, and the variable heat waves. In France, the Green Party .t Ot +e asete to go without ties, jackets or long trou- ones are the notches that turn the lock. recently proposed five days a year of sers in hot weather. As with a key, each combination of paid vacation to protect workers during Architecture is another area where notches is unique. extreme heat, an idea that drew head- Spain offers lessons. Its older houses Even so, scientists were puzzled by lines even if stands little chance of be- have thick walls and narrow windows how the antibodies could create enough coming law. with shutters, blinds and awnings to combinations to fight millions of infec- France and Spain share another cli- block the sun. mate-related scourge: wildfires. In re- Many French houses have shutters, One suggestion was that it was an cent days, rapidly spreading blazes near too, though in modern apartments, large evolutionary adaptation, passed down Madrid and Bordeaux have engulfed windows are prized. In Paris, the famil- from generation to generation in the RIAN SNYDER/REUTERS fields, forests and homes, forcing more iar zinc roofs that cover almost four- genes, or what is known as the germ Susumu Tonegawa in 2005. The molecular than 300,000 people to evacuate or take fifths of the buildings sizzle under the line. But the human body has only about biologist showed how antibodies can fight shelter, with no idea what they will find sun, making life unbearable for those 20,000 genes, so it seemed unlikely that infection and how memories are stored. when they can finally return. who live underneath them. there would be enough to create all the To Mr. Farandou, Spain’s culture is as The most obvious change, of course, permutations required to fight so many intriguing as its laws. Spanish habits of would be to install air-conditioning. In diseases. In testing on mice, Dr. Tonegawa sup- daily life — from midday siestas to late- Spain’s hottest regions, Mr. Oltra said, Another theory was that the body de- plied engram cells with novel informa- night dinners — reflect a long history of three-quarters of the houses use cooling veloped its defenses in somatic cells — tion, creating new and distinct memo- living with heat. Transplanting those Lwoovi INCE FRANCE PRESSE GETTY MAGES systems. But in France, as in other in other words, that there were a limited ries. Those experiments with altering cultural adaptations to France, particu- France’s labor minister, Jean-Pierre Farandou, left, and the health minister, Stephanie northern European countries, air-condi- number of antibody genes at birth, but memory, Dr. Heiman said, may eventu- larly the country’s north, would be Rist, speaking at an emergency shelter during high temperatures in Paris last month. tioning is a political lightning rod. Critics the body was capable of diversifying ally be useful in treating PTSD and de- tricky, he acknowledged. note that it worsens climate change by and building up its defenses over time generative brain diseases like “Adapting through regulations is one using lots of electricity and pumping hot by modifying those genes. Alzheimer’s by modifying or even sup- thing, but the real, major challenge is workers, delivery people and cleaners. than France. He noted that many air outside the buildings it cools. For a long time, scientists lacked the pressing negative memories. cultural adaptation,” said Mr. Farandou, Moreover, Spain still struggles to pro- French administrative arrangements Mr. Farandou, who began his career technology to do the kind of experi- Susumu Tonegawa was born on Sept. a businessman who ran France’s na- tect its population. Roughly one in three dated to the Napoleonic era and were at an American mining company in Den- ments that might have helped them 5, 1939, in Nagoya, Japan, the second son tional railway, S.N.C.F, before joining Spanish households are unable to keep singularly ill suited to a hotter climate. ver, said he favored installing cooling solve the puzzle. of Tsutomu and Miyoko Tonegawa. His the government last year. their homes adequately cool in summer, While August is a vacation month, for systems in schools, hospitals, nursing In 1974, while Dr. Tonegawa was father was an engineer for a textiles In seeking to change habits, experts said Christian Oltra, a senior researcher example, when many flee stifling cities homes and other places with vulnerable working at the Basel Institute for Immu- company, and the family moved fre- say, France is looking for low-cost solu- at the Center for Energy, Environmental for cooler climes, June is typically hec- people. But he said that American-style nology in Switzerland, he decided to quently for his job. tions to an expensive problem. Behav- and Technological Research, a govern- tic, packed with school exams, sports air-conditioning was not a solution that tackle the problem. At Kyoto University, Susumu became ioral changes are cheaper than major in- ment-affiliated think tank in Madrid. tournaments and construction projects. would work in France. In a labor-intensive process that took fascinated with molecular biology. After vestments in infrastructure, such a8 the This year, all that activity coincided with Itis not an accident that Mr. Farandou months, he and an assistant made hy- graduating in 1963, he spent a couple of of aii the most intense June heat wave on is visiting Spain instead of the United brid probes of messenger RNA — the months working in the laboratory of ing and“ net zero” policies, which seek to In seeking to change habits, record. States, Asia or the Middle East, where single-stranded molecule that conveys Itaru Watanabe, at the university's In- reduce the carbon emissions that are experts say, France is looking for The French health authorities re- many buildings are also heavily air-con- the genetic information of DNA to other stitute for Virus Research. the main culprit for a warming climate. low-cost solutions to an expensive corded nearly 6,000 excess deaths from ditioned. Those places are too distant, genes — to examine both the DNA of the At Dr. Watanabe’s suggestion, he left “Acting on our time schedules, things problem. June 17 to July 2, a period when the tem- culturally and geographically, to be use- cancer known as myeloma and that of to study at the University of California like that — they don’t cost a penny,” said peratures rose above 40 degrees Cel- ful models for France, he said. Even try- the embryo tissue of mice. The probes San Diego, which had a new doctoral Sonia Lavadinho, an urban anthropolo- sius, or 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Desper- ing to live more like their Spanish neigh- bonded with complementary pieces of program in molecular biology. He gist in Bern, Switzerland. “You can un- “Spain can be genuinely more accus- ate for relief, thousands of people bors will be a stretch for the French, he DNA, allowing the scientists to identify earned his Ph.D. in 1968 and then did derstand why a government would like tomed to heat than its neighbors and jumped into canals, rivers and other wa- said, though they will have little choice. specific DNA sequences in the tissues postdoctoral work at the nearby Salk In- to implement these changes.” still carry a very substantial health bur- terways, leading to 90 deaths. “Deep down, I have this conviction,” they were analyzing. With that informa- stitute for Biological Studies, in the lab- But Spanish habits, other experts den,” Mr. Oltra said. “The most accurate Mr. Farandou suggested that local au- Mr. Farandou said: The French people tion, they were able to graph and com- oratory of Renato Dulbecco, a future No- warn, should not be viewed as a magic description, in my view, is that Spain is thorities keep pools open at night so “will have to change something rela- pare the patterns in the myeloma and bel laureate in medicine. bullet. For one, traditional Spanish partially and unevenly adapted — a families could use them after school and tively profound in order to adapt to embryo tissues. In 1971, Dr. Tonegawa went to work at customs, like the siesta or earlier work- valuable case to learn from, rather than work. Schools, he said, should move up these very long periods of intense heat.” The results, which were entirely dif- the Basel Institute for Immunology. He day, are neither ubiquitous nor available a straightforward success story.” exams, though even that might not help, ferent, allowed them to see that antibod- was recruited to M.LT. in 1981 by Sal- to the people most vulnerable to heat: However imperfect, Mr. Farandou given that France’s first heat wave this Ségoléne Le Stradic report- ies ide by ining some of the vador E. Luria, who had shared the No- agricultural laborers, construction said, Spain was better weatherproofed year occurred in late May. ing. variable amino acids, often in conjunc- bel in 1969 for his work on viruses. tiga with constant amino) acids, tocreate Dr. Tonegawa’s first marriage, to Kyoko Sakita, ended in divorce. He mar- if ihe new chains, parts of the coding in ried Mayumi Yoshinari in 1985.

Pompeii ceiling, depicting a love story, is restored the DNA strands had been altered; in At a conference of Nobel winners in some cases, the coding had been re- Tokyo in 2017, Dr. Tonegawa was asked moved altogether. to define creativity. “I don’t feel I am a Antibodies, they finally understood, very creative scientist. I wish I could be ROME y when nature unleashes its power. Since could be created in a variety of ways, more creative,” he replied, to laughter. excavations began in the 18th century, which is vital given the number of for- “But if you force me to think about it,” Pompeii has provided precious insights eign antigens the body must confront. he added, “I can come up with three sim- into the lives and habits of its ancient The debate was over: The somat- ple concepts. One is you have to be very About quarter of fresco denizens. iceans, as Dr. Tonegawa called them, curious about something. No. 2, you The central image of the vault was had won. have to have an unfailing urge to ad- has been pieced together decorated with a mythological scene, In 1976, he published the first in a se- dress the question you have. No. 3, I using collected fragments but only a few fragments remain. By ries of influential papers on his findings. think it helps to try to combine knowl- comparing existing fragments in the He continued to advance his research, edge in at least two different fields BY ELISABETTA POVOLEDO decorative border, especially numerous working with others at the Basel lab, where people don’t necessarily inter- references to the god of wine, Dionysus, and in 1987 became the first Japanese act.” Working with hundreds of fragments of with other ancient works, archaeolo- plaster recovered from the ruins of Pom- gists managed to identify the depiction peii, archaeologists this month of the popular love story of Dionysus presented a restored frescoed vault and Ariadne, the princess who helped from an ancient home that the park's di- Theseus escape the minotaur’s maze, rector described as a “magnificent” puz- Mr. Russo said. zle depicting the god of revelry and the The banquet room was part of a villa princess who helped navigate Crete’s that belonged to Aulus Rustius Verus, a labyrinth. Pompeian magistrate. Its excavation in The restoration has been years in the recent years has already made head- akin; director, Gabriel lines. Some areas, specifically what ar- Zuchtriegel, said in a video message. Part of the restored ceiling of the House with the Bakery at the Pompeii archaeological chaeologists called the “bakery-prison,” The pieces have been dually col- site in southern Italy. A curved support structure replicates the ceiling’s original shape. exposed the bleak existence of enslaved lected since excavations began in 2023 people two millenniums ago. in what is known as the House with the The fragments of the banquet room Bakery. On this site, researchers have Ceilings were typically “false-vaults” tricky. Though some 1,000 fragments vault have been inserted in a curved recently found what they call a “bakery- made from wooden structures and lined ve been found so far, only about a support structure replicating its original rison” and evidence of the Pompeian with closely bound reeds; those were fourth of the ceiling has been recom- shape, “the most innovative element of taste for a pizza-like pie. then covered in plaster that provided a posed. Other pieces remain missing or the entire project,” according to a state- The vault is a rare artifact from Pom- base for the frescoes. Over time, the or- have yet to be identified. ment from the archaeologists. peii, said Alessandro Russo, an archae- ganic parts disintegrated, so few have Buried by an eruption of Mount Vesu- The structure allows new fragments ologist at the site, who explained that al- survived, he explained. vius in 79 A.D. under tons of ash, rock to be added seamlessly as they emerge, though many wall frescoes have been As puzzles go, the full reconstruction and lapilli, Pompeii has over the cen- “transforming the restoration into an TORBE GUSTAVSSON/ ASSOCIATED PRESS excavated, only some 20 ceilings have of the vault, which covered a banquet turies become a powerful symbol of the open and updatable process,” the state- Dr. Tonegawa accepting his Nobel Prize in 1987 from King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden. survived. room on the first floor, is bound to be transience of life and human impotence ment said. He was the first Japanese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 3

World Ugandan town holds the line against Ebola BUNDIBUGYO, UGANDA

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          REP.OF                Bundibugyo fiat 9

Place that gave the name CONGO kampala to the current virus strain DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC stops it with a border rope < OF CONGO ; at AFRICA

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BY MATTHEW MPOKE BIGG A rope stretched across a bridge. That — Detail area was all Uganda needed to show that its 300 MILES f

border with the Democratic Republic of THE NEW YORK TES Congo was closed. Until recently, the bridge over the La- Centers for Disease Control and Preven- mia River bustled with activity. Ugan- tion, referring to Ugandan health offi- dan farmers crossed to tend their crops cials. in Congo, where land is cheaper. Every The effect of that expertise in Bundi- morning, Congolese children in bright bugyo is to see life carry on as normal, uniforms walked across the bridge to at- despite the threat just across the river, tend village schools in Uganda. which is often shallow enough to ford. But traffic across the bridge came toa Schools, shops and offices here re- standstill in May, as Uganda declared its main open, though hand-washing sta- border of more than 500 miles (800 kilo- tions have been set up at the entrances meters) with Congo was closed, days af- to public places. Teams play soccer on ter the World Health Organization de- the field beside the town’s government clared a new outbreak in eastern Congo. offices every evening. No one in the Asoldier seated on a plastic chair was town wears a mask. the only sign of life on the Ugandan side Dr. Christopher Kiyita, the top health on arecent afternoon. On the Congolese officer in Bundibugyo, said that in his 15 side, a group of women washed clothes years on the job he had faced down sev- in the river and laid them on rocks to dry. eral Ebola outbreaks, supported by the “People used to cross into Congo to national government. He said he regu- get cassava and bananas and carry larly drives the nine ad to the capital them on their backs,” said Mugaazu to attend importantm« Philip, a Ugandan intelligence official But the border closure has hit families who sat in a hut scanning the river re- and businesses in other ways. cently. “But since the closure, nobody International public health experts has come across.” say that border closures are counterpro- The Ebola outbreak has icular ductive during outbreaks because they resonance in Bundibugyo, a small Ugan- penalize countries for coming clean dan town near the Lamia. In 2007, scien- about the virus. The closure remains tists here discovered the first appear- state policy, even though several resi- dents said it was hurting the economy. Mirembe Marvin, the head teacher of one modest village primary school, said it was getting difficult to keep the place open. Parents who used to make money across the border are now struggling to pay school fees. “They are used to trading in Congo, but now they can't,” he said. One day this month, teachers at the school showed the children how to watch for signs of Ebola and how to thoroughly wash their hands. They stood in a semicircle in the schoolyard, smearing soap on their fin- gers and rubbing it under their nails. Since the initial Ebola outbreak nearly two decades ago, Bundibugyo has been changing. People are abandoning subsistence farming in favor of cocoa, residents said, driving more people into the cash econ- omy. Cocoa trees, with their distinctive big leaves and bulbous pods, now domi- Clockwise from top: students at Westland Nursery and Primary School in Bundibugyo, nate the landscape around Bundibugyo. Uganda, learning how to properly wash their hands; a thin rope marking the closed The shift may help explain why peo- border between Uganda and the Democralte Republic of Congo; a Red Cross Uganda ple have stopped eating wild animals in team member carrying out an Ebol; campaignin the town, including bats and monkeys, the residents said. In addition, the estab- lishment of two nearby national parks ance of an unusual Ebola species and The new outbreak has revived painful has made it harder for people to hunt named it after the town. memories for health workers in such wildlife. This year, the Bundibugyo virus re- Bundibugyo, who watched their col- Scientists say that fruit bats are the turned, this time in eastern Congo. The leagues die nearly two decades ago of a likely reservoir host for Ebola viruses, species is so rare that it caught health disease that was only identified as Ebola which can then spread to other animals, officials off guard. They had been test- weeks after it first appeared. including monkeys, and into the human ing for more common types of Ebola. Ezekiel Kisughu, a nurse at Bundibu- perish. Then came Mr. Kisughu’s turn. Much has changed in the town since tients came across the border, some to population. Those initial tests came back negative. gyo's hospital, was infected in October He said that he barely survived and then. Uganda has developed a global seek treatment in Ugandan hospitals. For all the changes, Mr. Kisughu, the They learned only later that Bundi- 2007 while treating the head of the local that the illness was so traumatic that he reputation for its efficiency in contain- Aside from two patients who died, the nurse, said that proximity to Congo bugyo was Red Cross, who had been brought to the remembers the exact date he was dis- ing infectious diseases, including H.LV., rest have recovered. The others were leaves the town — and Uganda — vul- Uganda hastily closed its border with hospital desperately ill. charged: Dec. 7, 2007. The W.H.O. an- Covid-19 and Ebola. While the disease is quarantined and released, the authori- nerable. Congo. The World Health Organization “People thought it might be poison,” nounced that the town was dealing with raging through communities in Congo, ties said this month. Bundibugyo has “The nature of our border is very said this month that the virus has killed he said. “We called it the ‘unknown dis- an Ebola outbreak while he was still in Uganda seems to have it under control. not recorded a single infection in this tricky,” he said. “It is porous, and we are more than 1,300 people and infected at ease.” None of the nurses had protec- the hospital, he said. There have been 20 confirmed Ebola outbreak. dependent on one another.” least 3,000 in Congo but warned that the tive gear and there was no information, For months after his release, he said cases in Uganda thus far, but the coun- “They know how to handle it,” said Dr. country’s real numbers may be two to he recalled. The patients died, and one the town treated him as a pariah be- try has not registered a new case in Wessam Mankoula, who leads the coun- Musinguzi Blanshe contributed report- four times higher. by one the nurses started to fall sick and cause of the stigma of the disease. more than a month. Fifteen of those pa- try’s Ebola response unit at the Africa ing from Bundibugyo.

Hurt by soccer stigmatization, Argentines fight back BUENOS AIRES But the anti-Argentine sentiment of Argentines of Indigenous origins relations in Argentina and its treatment came to be framed around a wider cri- called “Identidad Marr6n,” or “Brown of Indigenous and Black people. tique of Argentine society, history, and Identity,” wrote in an Instagram post. Black ple once made up a much BY EMMA BUBOLA the country as a whole. Daniel Schteingart, an Argentine re- larger share of the population across the AND DANIEL POLITI Samuel L. Jackson, the actor, re- searcher, pointed out on social media region that became Argentina. posted an Instagram story urging Black that the Integrated Values Survey, a There were many reasons for that de- Argentines were having enough of a fans not to support Argentina for histori- study and survey that measures values cline. Black men were repeatedly and rough time this month after watching cally being “one of, if not the most racist in dozens of countries, found that 4 per- disproportionately mobilized for wars, their national team’s decisive defeat in country in the world.” cent of Argentines said they would not while poor living conditions contributed the World Cup final and tears from The American comedian Eric André like having an immigrant as a neighbor, to high infant mortality and lower birth Lionel Messi. Then came what felt like celebrated Argentina's loss against and less than 3 percent would object toa rates. Intermarriage changed how an enormous, persistent wave of global Spain in an expletive-laden Instagram neighbor of a different race. many descendants were classified, and hatred against their nation. story in which he accused Argentina of Those figures, from the most recent mass European immigration reduced Fans of opposing teams, celebrities of being racist, violent and full of crime. study conducted between 2017 and 2022, the Black community’s relative size. all kinds and a surge of social media us- Mr. André, in a statement, said that he were among the lowest in the world. This helped cement an enduring im- ers their scorn not only at “was referring to the history of their “It makes sense: Argentina has age of Argentina as a white, European the Argentine team but at the country as government’s policies, not every single opened its doors to immigration since nation, one that minimized and left out a whole — turning the celebrated cham- citizen.” A representative for Mr. Jack- the 19th century and has one of the its African roots from its official history. pions of the 2022 World Cup into the vil- son did not respond to a request for com- friendliest immigration laws on the Organizations like Identidad Marr6én lains of 2026. ment. planet,” Mr. Schteingart wrote. have said that Argentina actually has a “We lost, and now we're being called Argentina has historically provided much more diverse ethnic mix. every name under the sun,” said Mer- Smith and Rosalia, chins (and fae : HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES immigrants with broad access to public That includes many people of Indige- cedes Maspero, an Argentine re- apologized for sharing) content that Clashes after the World Cup final between Argentina and Spain. “The World Cup enabled education and health care while offering nous descent, among them Argentina’s searcher. was interpreted as being critical of Ar- some sort of international court in which Argentina is the accused,” one journalist said. accessible pathways to legal residency. soccer demigod Diego Maradona, who In part, the animosity was fueled by gentina, and the connection between And even though the Milei government spoke of his native Guarani roots. speculation that Argentina had received racism and anti-Argentine support even has imposed some restrictions, Argenti- Groups like Identidad Marr6n have favorable treatment from soccer’s gov- reached a hearing at the U.S. Congress. sponded. “They are jealous of us,” he Rosemblat added, by actors and celebri- na’s immigration policy is still far less erning body, FIFA, and by the team’s Many bolstered their criticisms with posted on Instagram. “We are good at al- ties “who would not be able to explain strict than that of the United States un- ulation is often the target of discrimina- sometimes aggressive style of play. accusations that the Argentine national most everything.” anything about our history, our society der President Trump. tion, but they condemned what it called Then there was the postmatch brawl team does not have any Black players. Some commentators tried to address and our civilization.” “Pointing out real problems is one an oversimplified debate. after the July 19 final, in which several The denunciations of Argentina the substance of the condemnations. Many Argentines condemned the rac- thing; turning an entire country into a “If it was so easy, it would mean that Argentine players and staff attacked started weeks before the final, but “The World Cup enabled some sort of ist chants of players and fans and the caricature is another,” Mr. Schteingart national teams with more players of Af- Spanish opponents. Argentines seemed too busy living the international court in which Argentina team’s physical attacks on their oppo- wrot e. rican descent belong to nations that re- The criticism was also linked to off- dream of a consecutive World Cup title is the accused,” said Pedro Rosemblat, a nents. They admitted that their country, Racist incidents have been a dark fix- spect their rights,” said Alejandro Ma- field behavior during the tournament, to pay much attention. Immediately af- prominent Argentine journalist, on his like many others, has problems with ture of European soccer for decades, mani, a lawyer of Indigenous descent including Argentine players captured ter their loss in the final, they were over- streaming show. racism. But they rejected that problem- though recent years have brought far who is part of the group. “And that at on video singing a racist chant about whelmed with sadness. But last week, Judgment was coming from people in atic aspects of their history should stricter penalties. Argentina, by con- their borders, in their seas, there would French players in 2024, an incident that the lament that the United States, he said, which has a prompt a sweeping stigmatization of trast, has not yet undergone a similar not be bodies and dinghies adrift.” critics resurfaced this year. An Argen- has given way to indignation, confusion history of racism, or European nations their nation and team. reckoning, as casual slurs and racial in- tine fan also apparently directed racist and anger over the global hatred di- that had started wars, engaged in colo- “Argentina has its share of racism, but nuendos continue to be used. Lucia Cholakian Herrera and Natalie abuse at IShowSpeed, a Black streamer rected at them. nization and wrestle with xenophobia. no more than any other Latin American The criticism arising from the World Alcoba contributed reporting from and social media influencer. Even President Javier Milei re- And verdicts were rendered, Mr. country,” an antiracism group made up Cup has also led toa broader look at race Buenos Aires. 4 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WORLD

Celebration of a truce morphs into escalation er aT = Yet Mr. Trump warned that such talks WASHINGTON would be a “waste of time,” complaining that Iran has a history of deceitfully BY MICHAEL CROWLEY “tapping along” U.S. presidents in nego- tiations. “The Deal with the Islamic Republic of On July 11, Iran said it would close the Iran is now complete. Congratulations strait “until the end of U.S. interference to all!” in the region.” That was how President Trump an- 7 Two days later, Mr. Trump reimposed nounced a cease-fire with Iran on June the naval blockade on Iranian ports he 14 that halted U.S. combat operations had lifted as part of the cease-fire deal, and reopened the Strait of Hormuz to cutting off Tehran's lucrative black mar- commercial shipping. ket sales, primarily to Chinese buyers, Mr. Trump was pleased with the deal, that evade U.S. sanctions. which promised to wrap up a conflict With most ships again avoiding the that he had promised would be over strait, the conflict was back to its status quickly and ease a spike in U.S. gas before the cease-fire. prices. “Ships of the World, start your Trump administration officials said engines. Let the oil flow!” he wrote. an Iran deprived of oil revenue could Within a month the agreement was in hold out only for so long against U.S. de- shambles. The U.S. and Iranian forces mands to open the strait and surrender began trading strikes again, and ships most or all of its nuclear program. once more began avoiding the strait for But Iran at a minimum bought itself fear of Iranian attacks. After a substan- more time by selling as much as $6 bil- tial drop in recent weeks, the price of oil lion of oil during the brief truce, accord- again briefly topped $100 a barrel on ing to the hawkish think tank United Thursday. Against Nuclear Iran. What went wrong? Here is how things unraveled. ESCALATION AND MORE CASUALTIES By mid-July the two sides were ex- THE CEASE-FIRE KICKS IN changing daily strikes. Mr. Trump’s deal with Iran, signed on Iranian attacks on U.S. missile de- June 17, initially looked to be a success. fense facilities in Jordan killed three The United States stopped bombing American service members on July 17 and allowed Iran to temporarily sell and and 18. Another American was killed in ship its oil. Iran at first did not interfere northern Iraq while disposing of a with ships sailing through the strait. downed Iranian attack drone. Global oil prices plunged as tankers At a ceremony for the return of the again sailed through the vital waterway. soldiers’ remains, Mr. Trump sought to But analysts warned that the 14-point remind Americans why he had gone to document establishing the cease-fire war against Iran. “All of them said very was dangerously vague. While Mr. strongly, ‘We cannot let Iran have a nu- Trump said it restored freedom of navi- clear weapon,” Mr. Trump said, refer- gation in the strait, Iran made clear that KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES, ring to the soldiers. (He did not say how it considered itself in control of the inter- northern route along its coast that it had THINGS FALL APART he might have known their views.) national waterway. established before the cease-fire. Iran On July 4, Iran held a daylong funeral for The fatalities raised the war's U.S. On June 21 Vice President JD Vance charged fees for sailing those waters but its former supreme leader, Ali death toll to 18. flew to Switzerland to kick off talks with guaranteed safe passage in return. Khamenei, who was killed in a Feb. 28 More than 1,700 Iranian civilians are Iranian officials, outlined by the cease- Under the cease-fire, Iran agreed not airstrike at the start of the war. Huge estimated to have been killed in the war. fire for a morec to charge vessels only for 60 days. Mr. crowds in Tehran called for revenge and U.S. forces struck Iran daily for nearly sive deal that would determine the long- Trump said his administration would re- carried at least one giant banner vowing two weeks. Mr. Trump threatened to re- term future of the strait and of Iran’s nu- ject any final peace agreement that in- to kill the U.S. president. spond to more attacks on ships in the clear program. cluded fees or tolls for shipping through Three days later, on July 7, three more strait by striking bridges and power the strait. tankers were attacked in the strait, an plants in Iran — a potential war crime if TROUBLE IN THE STRAIT using action that the U.S. attributed to Iran. the targets have no military function. But the strait did not quite return to nor- the: southern route, Iranian officials de- That was enough for Mr. Trump. He de- Regional mediators, including Qatar mal. manded that ships exclusively use the clared the cease-fire “over” and revoked and Pakistan, have been trying to se- Iranian mines laid early in the war northern route. Only that way, they said, Iran’s ability to sell oil on the open mar- cure a new cease-fire. still posed a threat in the longtime offi- could Iran ensure their safety, in what ket by restoring U.S. sanctions on any According to U.S. officials, Mr. Trump cial shipping route through the middle of critics said amounted to a protection buyers. has decided to put off plans to escalate the strait, rendering that path unsafe. racket. The fighting escalated. The United the U.S. assault on Iran, at least for now. Their removal would take time. On June 25 and 27, Iran launched States hit dozens of targets along Iran’s But Mr. Trump is confronting a new Two alternate routes emerged. Most drone attacks on commercial ships fol- coast the next day, and Iran attacked threat. Houthi militants in Yemen with ships used a southern route close to lowing the southern route. U.S. forces more U.S. military sites in Kuwait, close ties to Iran recently claimed that Oman designated by a U.N. maritime retaliated against Iranian targets, and Bahrain and Qatar. they attacked two Saudi tankers in the agency. The U.S. military provided guid- Iranin turn lobbed missiles at U.S. bases Mr. Trump formally notified Congress Red Sea and have threatened more such ance and some air support to protect in Jordan and Bahrain. on July 10 that war with Iran had re- POOL PHOTO BY FABRICE COPFRINI attacks in support of their Iranian allies. ships from Iranian mines and potential A meeting planned for June 28 be- sumed. But he also wrote on social me- Top, a ceremony at Dover Air Force Base in Delaware to honor U.S. Army soldiers killed Mr. Trump said he would respond to attacks. tween U.S. and Iranian negotiators was dia that he had agreed to an Iranian re- in action ata Jontanian military base; above, Vice President JD Vance in Lake Lucerne, those attacks with “major military pun- But Iran insisted that ships use a canceled. The cease-fire was fracturing. quest to continue ting with Iranian officials and regional mediators last month. ishment.”

Survival amid the travails of war Iranian leader may desire IRAN, FROM PAGE 1 survived centuries of Iranian history only to be scarred by modern war. eroded purchasing power. University graduates spoke of struggling to find stable work. Those with jobs worried to pursue nuclear weapons Throughout our trip, we encountered that their wages no longer stretched far WASHINGTON gime change the Trump administration reminders everywhere of the strikes’ enough. initially pursued. broad reach. At one restaurant, a worker ap- American officials caution that most At Sharif University of Technology, proached us at the restroom to say the BY JULIAN E. BARNES of the intelligence on Mojtaba one of Iran’s premier academic institu- restaurant would be forced to close dur- Khamenei’s views comes from before tions, damaged buildings had crumbled ing the funeral ceremonies, leaving him American intelligence agencies believe the war. He was badly injured in the first into heaps of concrete and mangled met- without the wages he needed to feed his that Iran’s new supreme leader, Ayatol- part of the war, and American officials al. The Iranian space research center family. He shrugged as he spoke, as lah Mojtaba Khamenei, is far more inter- said he has limited his communications had been reduced to a tangle of col- though disappointment had become too ested than his father and predecessor in and public appearances because of his lapsed floors. The Azadi sports complex, familiar to provoke outrage. pursuing a nuclear weapon, according injuries and also because he does not a landmark venue that has long hosted To many Iranians, the funeral also be- to officials briefed on the assessments. want to be targeted in an airstrike. major concerts, sporting events and came a measure of the state’s priorities. Ayatollah Khamenei’s father, who The officials assess that he remains in public gatherings, lay in ruins. Ameri- Even as elaborate mourning ceremo- was killed at the start of the war in an charge of the government but does not can and Israeli officials have said that nies were staged — complete with mist- Israeli attack aided by U.S. intelligence, have the absolute authority and influ- certain civilian sites are used by Iranian ing stations, free water and food — some had sworn off developing a nuclear ence of his father, who ruled for more security forces to generate revenue or Iranians described living through water weapon. While American officials long than 36 years. produce materials that can be used for shortages and power cuts. asserted that Iran wanted to be capable The assessment comes as President military purposes. of building a nuclear weapon, many be- Trump is weighing whether to intensify This destruction — along with the EXIT IRAN lieved Ayatollah Ali Khamenei’s hesi- the military campaign against Iran. A killing of top military, intelligence and Our journey ended in Mashhad, where tancy was genuine. determination that the supreme leader political leaders — loomed over the aya- Ayatollah Khamenei was to be buried. His successor has never publicly is potentially open to pursuing a bomb tollah’s funeral, which coincided with Mourners converged on the Imam Reza called for Iran to build a nuclear weap- would provide additional justification Muharram, the month when Shiite Mus- shrine from across the world. Even here, on. But U.S. intelligence agencies be- for an escalation. lims commemorate the martyrdom of reminders of war interrupted devotion. lieve that Mojtaba Khamenei and the While U.S. officials insist that Tehran Imam Hussein, the Prophet Muham- At the arrivals hall of Mashhad air- harder-line government that emerged has not made any moves to restart its mad’s grandson. This year, the losses of port, dozens of mostly pink and blue after the United States and Israel killed nuclear program, Iran has taken some the recent war have been woven into backpacks were displayed in memory of many of Iran’s previous leaders have steps to preserve its nuclear assets after that centuries-old narrative of sacrifice children killed when a U.S. strike hit ambitions to develop advanced nuclear the U.S. strikes on key facilities last year and martyrdom. their school in the southern city of weaponry. or during pauses in fighting during the Many mourners did not speak of com- Minab early in the war. The bags were The current government has already current war. promise. They wanted retaliation. They paired with roses and children’s shoes. worked to assert greater control over Iran has moved at least some centri- wanted President Trump dead. To them, At a bakery in the city’s bazaar, a the Strait of Hormuz and proved a diffi- fuges, according to American officials, diplomacy was weakness. worker taped to the door a photograph cult negotiating partner. If the U.S.-Is- to a heavily fortified underground com- At the Grand Mosalla prayer complex of his nephew, a sailor who he said was raeli war has made Tehran more, rather plex in central Iran that the United in Tehran, one woman told us that Iran killed when a U.S. submarine torpedoed than less, likely to pursue a nuclear States refers to as Pickaxe Mountain. had been attacked by the world’s most his ship. weapon, it would amount to one more powerful military and was still standing. Just hours before, the United States grave consequence of the killing of the Dustin Volz and Michael Crowley con- That, she believed, was victory enough. had reimposed sanctions on Iranian oil supreme leader and the steps toward re- tributed reporting. A man carried a yellowed newspaper and conducted new strikes inside Iran. from the era of Ayatollah Ruhollah The cease-fire was already beginning to Khomeini, who died in 1989, bearing his unravel, giving way to a wave of fighting declaration that “nobody has the right to that has once again engulfed the wider negotiate with America.” Beside it, he PHOTOGRAPHS BY EMILE DUCKE FOR THE \ region. held a handwritten sign that read, “This Top, mourners at the Grand Mosalla prayer complex in Tehran during funeral pili Hours after the ayatollah’s burial, we is the result of negotiations.” sions for the nation’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who was to be buried days drove toward the Afghan border. At im- When Brig. Gen. Ahmad Vahidi, the later in Mashhad; above, backpacks displayed at Mashhad airport in memory of children migration, two officers motioned me commander of the powerful Islamic killed when a U.S. strike hit a school in the southern city of Minab early in the war. over to their booth, With only limited Revolutionary Guards Corps, appeared English, one officer typed some words just a few feet from where I stood after into a translation app on his phone and the funeral prayers, chants of “Re- shops, cafes and boutique with “For people here, it’s held up the screen for me. venge! Revenge!” rippled through the Luxury cars inched through the night- as if Ayatollah Khamenei didn’t die.” “What do you think of Iran and its peo- crowd. time traffic. Young tattooed men in ple?” it read. It was a sentiment shared by Seyed shorts wore fresh bandages from cos- EVERYDAY SURVIVAL As I looked up from the phone, the Mustafa, a businessman who had trav- metic nose surgery. Women, dressed in Beneath the politics, another crisis other asked, , smiling: “Do you think we eled from the southwestern city of Ah- bare-shouldered tops, rode motor- threaded through many conversations: are strong?” vaz. “Resistance and revenge are the cycles, their hair flowing behind them. the struggle to make ends meet. They were, in many ways, the ques- only paths forward,” he said. At one restaurant where we ate din- The war had accelerated financial tions that had followed us throughout ner, music featuring a female vocalist pressures that many Iranians had been the trip. PARALLEL WORLDS poured through the speakers. Only feeling for years because of sanctions, Iran had spent my entire journey ask- Only a few miles from where mourners weeks earlier, a female singer had been corruption and economic isolation. ing the world to recognize its strength. gathered for days, a very different scene sentenced to 74 lashes for performing at Monthslong internet cutoffs had crip- Its people had answered with some- unfolded. a concert without wearing a hijab. pled businesses, including parts of thing far more complicated: strength, YVANTOR, VA REUTERS Innorth Tehran, the city’s upscale dis- Looking around the room, one of the Iran’s bustling tech sector, leading to yes, but also grief, defiance, weariness, A satellite image provided by Vantor shows an entrance to tunnels at Pickaxe Mountain trict, young people filled sandwich government guides remarked, almost mass layoffs. A spiraling currency had fear and hope. in Iran, where U.S. officials say that Iran has moved nuclear assets such as centrifuges. THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 5

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After arrests, brothers’ right-wing allies go quiet Arab Emirates, Kazakhstan, Hong Kong Support appears to erode and Russia. During a January visit to Miami, a video circulated widely of them for ‘manosphere’ leaders partying at a club with Nicholas J. Fuen- facing possible extradition tes and other far-right influencers while the song “Heil Hitler” by Ye, the rapper BY MEGAN TWOHEY, formerly known as Kanye West, blasted ISABELLA KWAI, from speakers. MATEI BARBULESCU They did not go to Britain, where they AND ALAN FEUER faced not only the 2024 criminal charges but continuing investigations into other On the morning of July 19, hours after accusations. the manosphere influencers Andrew In March, a police watchdog group and Tristan Tate were arrested by fed- said it was reviewing potential miscon- eral agents in Miami, one of their repre- duct by the officers who had originally sentatives reached out to Alina Habba. investigated rape and sexual assault al- Not long ago, Ms. Habba, a lawyer, legations against Andrew Tate from was a vocal supporter of the Tate broth- 2015. Shortly after, the British police re- ers as they faced allegations of human opened that investigation. trafficking and other serious crimes in Last year, after the Tates visited Flor- Romania and Britain. In a podcast ap- ida, the state’s attorney general, James pearance in January 2025, shortly after Uthmeier, opened an investigation of being named a counselor to President the brothers. His office also sent an Trump, she told Andrew Tate, “I got email to Matthew Jury, a lawyer who your back over here.” in Brit- Now the brothers were in a federal de- ain, promising to assist if Britain or- tention center after Britain requested dered their extradition, as first reported their extradition for a raft of new crimi- by The Times of London. nal charges there. Their representative Mr. Jury’s law firm passed the mes- wanted to know: Was Ms. Habba free to sage onto Britain’s home secretary talk? through an intermediary but did not re- She did not respond, according to two ceive a response, according to a person people familiar with the outreach. It was familiar with the communication. a sign of the brothers’ eroding support The Tates were arrested on July 18 as among their onetime allies on the Amer- they arrived at a bare-knuckle-boxing ican right. event that Andrew was supposed to co- In recent years, the Tates had lever- host. British prosecutors said the aged their enormous following of young charges stemmed from incidents that men to cultivate support among Mr. happened between July 2010 and Au- Trump's advisers, family members and gust 2017. other prominent conservatives. Those In the days before the arrests, the efforts paid off last year when, feeling brothers had been posting on social me- pressure from members of the new dia from Washington, ith where they were : Trump administration, Romanian pros- wil P ecutors lifted a travel ban on the broth- ANDREI PUNGOVSCHY/GETTY IMAGES. Wesley Hunt, Republican of Texas, and ers, freeing them to leave the country Above, Andrew Tate, right, and Tristan Tate in 2025. They were arrested in Miami this partied with Mr. Zampolli. and jet-set around the world. month after Britain requested their extradition. From near right, Tucker Carlson, who Mr. McBride said in a statement that But they are now facing a new level of has conducted sympathetic interviews of the Tates; and Alina Habba, a former Trump the extradition request was approved legal jeopardy. Britain has issued 38 adviser, who once told Andrew Tate in a podcast, “I got your back over here.” by a “low-level functionary at the Jus- charges against them, including rape tice Department who never got approv- and sex trafficking; Andrew Tate was al from leadership.” But higher-ups in also charged with extreme pornography Asked if he still supported the Tates, ton two days before the arrests, said he the agency did sign off on the arrests, ac- and indecent images of children. The he said, “I have no ongoing connection hadn't realized the extent of the allega- cording to a person familiar with the brothers have denied all of the criminal to them now.” tions against them. matter who was not authorized to dis- accusations and called the charges polit- Donald Trump Jr, who once called “I didn’t know they were arrest ma- cuss it. ically motivated. Andrew Tate a friend and publicly de- terial,” Mr. Zampolli said in an interview. The Tates will remain behind bars in The extradition request has forced fended him against previous criminal al- Not everyone is pulling back from the Florida as a federal judge considers the Trump administration to participate legations, has said nothing about the ar- brothers. Representative Abe Ha- whether Britain has met the legal in the process: Federal prosecutors are rests. Neither has his younger brother madeh, Republican of Arizona, spoke threshold for extradition, a process that representing the British government’s Barron Trump, who had also been out against their extradition, writing on could take months. If the judge signs off case in a Miami court. friendly with Andrew. Candace Owens, social media that “political lawfare is on the extradition request, it will then go Mr. Trump does not plan to intervene a conservative who to Secretary of State Marco Rubio for fi- in the case, said the White House press backed both brothers on her popular The conservative media star Tucker nal approval. secretary, Karoline Leavitt. And many of show, has also stayed silent. Carlson, who has conducted sympathet- Asked about the request while trav- the Tates’ allies in the president's orbit, ic interviews of the Tates, told The elingin Manila last week, Mr. Rubio said who were once happy to be associated Times, without evidence, that he be- that while the matter is considered by with their brand of hyper-masculinity, The Tates had leveraged their lieved their arrests were related to their ‘AL. DRAGO/GETTY IMAGES KENNY HOLSTON/THE NEW YORK TIMES. the judge, “there’s no role for us to play now appear to be backing away. enormous following of young outspoken criticism of Israel. at this moment or maybe ever.” Ms. Habba, who is no longer in the ad- men to cultivate support among “After decades of ignoring grooming cused on fighting the extradition re- ness, first in Britain and then Romania, Lauren Southern, a former conserva- ministration but still speaks with Mr. gangs and covering for Jeffrey Epstein, quest in court rather than seeking help and by selling online courses to young tive influencer who has accused Andrew prominent conservatives. mp, wants nothing to do with the the British and American governments from Mr. Trump's circle. He said he was men. One offering was called PH.D., for Tate of raping her in Romania and pro- Tates, according to people familiar with seemed to have lost interest in prosecut- unaware that a representative for the “Pimping Hoes Degree.” vided testimony to Romanian authori- her thinking. Privately, people close to Donald Jr. ing sex crimes,” Mr. Carlson said. “Then Tates had contacted Ms. Habba. Romania began its investigation into ties, was among those who celebrated Paul Ingrassia, the acting general have played down his relationship with the Tate brothers criticized Israel, and I “There's no reason at this point for the brothers in 2022. Two years later, news of the extradition request. counsel of the General Services Admin- the Tates; one person said he had not was reminded that under certain cir- Trump to parachute in from Air Force prosecutors in Britain charged the “It’s been a really wonderful weekend istration, who previously served on the spoken with anyone in the administra- cumstances they're willing to act.” One to the courtroom, because we think brothers with rape, sexual assault and for those of us who are rooting for jus- Tates’ legal team and has lavished tion about their arrests. Joseph McBride, a longtime lawyer we'll win in court,” Mr. McBride said. human trafficking. The two countries tice,” she told The Times. “Now there’s a praise on Andrew, wrote a post on X Asked by The Times about his re- for the Tates, disputed that their support In recent years, there has been only agreed that Britain would wait to extra- reckoning, and suddenly everyone shortly after the arrests criticizing “po- tweeting of Tristan Tate on July 18, had eroded. He said he was not sur- one instance in which the United States dite the Tates until the Romanian crimi- wants to pretend they had nothing to do litically driven prosecutions.” In a call Roger Stone, a prominent Republican prised that any Trump official who had has refused an extradition request from nal investigation was done, but that case with building this beast.” with The New York Times this month, operative, said he did so before the news previously backed the brothers was now Britain. has suffered major setbacks. Mr. Ingrassia said the post was simply of their arrests. And Paolo Zampolli, a taking a more neutral stance given the The Tates, who have American and Since their release from Romania in Reporting was contributed by Michael articulating his beliefs about the Consti- special envoy for Mr. Trump who had administration’s role in the legal case. British citizenship, made their fortunes February 2025, the Tates had been liv- Crowley, Shawn McCreesh, David Ovalle tution. hosted the Tates at a party in Washing- Mr. McBride said the Tates were fo- by running an online pornography busi- ing large, spending time in the United and Ed Wong.

Democrats reset the Maine Senate race. Now it gets tricky. a first-time candidate, and Mr. Jackson, BANGOR, MAINE a political veteran. “Troy, I’ve known for more than 20 years. He is an insider in Augusta, and BY REID J. EPSTEIN AND JESS BIDGOOD he’s been there for 24 years, and so that’s a very different persona than Democrats in Maine have reset a Senate what Graham Platner was trying to por- race seen as critical to their party’s tray,” Ms. Collins said in Casco. chances of retaking the chamber after Ms. Collins, the Senate appropria- an improvised scramble to swap out a tions chairwoman, has also spent dec- damaged candidate, Graham Platner, ades entrenched in government. She for anew one, Troy Jackson, after a wild has won re-election four times with cam- 17 days. paigns that emphasized the federal Now comes the tricky part. funding she brings to Maine and posi- Mr. Jackson, a former State Senate tioned her as an independent voice. She president, is trying to keep alive the said on Saturday that she would keep grass-roots energy that Mr. Platner built making that case. over the past year while distancing him- “I will be stressing how much sen- self from the former nominee’s personal iority matters,” Ms. Collins said. history. With help from her allies, Sena- tor Susan Collins, the five-term Republi- BOTH SIDES BRACE FOR TIGHT RACE can he is trying to defeat, is seeking to Ms. Collins won in 2020 with 51 percent tie the two Democrats together in ways SOPHIE PARK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES ALEX KENT/THE NEW YORK TIMES of the vote against a field splintered by Republicans hope will alienate swing Troy Jackson, left, the Democrat running for Senate in Maine, is trying to portray his Rey publican opponent, Senator Susan Collins, right, as a rubber stamp for President Trump. two independent candidates. This time voters. she will face only Mr. Jackson in a politi- cal environment polls show could be A100-DAY CONTEST asked Maine Democrats at the Saturday assurance that he would protect abor- not support to remain in his leadership months campaigning against someone worse for Republicans than it was six This dynamic is beginning to shape a convention where he was officially se- tion rights. role. Asked if he has enough money to else. And while the Democrats onstage years ago. 100-day contest that will drench this lected to be his party’s nominee. “She’s “She voted with him 96 percent of the win the race, Mr. Jackson replied: “Not on Saturday never once mentioned Mr. Limited public polling in Maine has largely rural state with money and place served Donald Trump.” time,” Mr. Jackson said of Ms. Collins on now, but I hope to get it.” Platner’s name, Ms. Collins and her shown a close Senate contest. And both it at the epicenter of the national fight Ms. Collins, in a brief interview before Saturday. “She helped deliver enormous “Troy is not a classically trained pian- backers appear determined to make candidates have headwinds of history for Senate control. Democrats have a Saturday parade in Casco, Maine, sig- tax breaks to corporations and the ist,” said Bev Uhlenhake, a former sure nobody forgets it. pushing against them. turned to a familiar fixture of state gov- naled an intent to portray her new rival wealthy on our backs. And she voted to Maine Democratic Party chairwoman. “The Graham Platner candidacy,” Ms. Collins will, once again, have to ernment and a fifth-generation logger as outside the mainstream and a contin- confirm Kavanaugh and Gorsuch, the “He doesn’t sound like a typical poli- said Josh Tardy, a co-chair of Ms. detach her political fortunes from an un- from Maine's north woods to make their uation of the Platner campaign. Supreme Court justices who overturned tician. I think in terms of Mainers, that’s Collins's campaign, “is the gift that popular president. Mr. Jackson is trying case against a far-better-funded incum- “My likely new opponent has adopted Roe v. Wade’ OK. They want someone to come to the keeps on giving.” to become the first Democrat to win a bent who has already defied national exactly the same platform as my old op- Making that case will require Mr. party who can play the piano and get While Mr. Jackson and Maine Demo- Maine Senate race since George headwinds once in the Trump era. ponent,” she said. “It’s the democratic Jackson, whose Senate campaign people dancing.” crats are making their case against Ms. Mitchell won re-election in 1988. (Sena- The race will test whether Mr. Jack- socialist platform and it’s very similar. started with zero money two weeks ago, But in an era when creating content is Collins about policy, some of Ms. tor Angus King of Maine caucuses with son can leave behind the baggage of a So the issues have not changed.” to raise a lot, and quickly. Ms. Collins a key part of movement building, Mr. Collins's allies aimed their first attacks Democrats, but he was elected as an in- candidate, in Mr. Platner, who bowed out had $11 million at the end of June, ac- Jackson has a lot of work to do. He has at Mr. Jackson on his character, after re- dependent.) after a rape allegation that he denies, JACKSON'S STRATEGY cording to her latest campaign finance just one-tenth the Instagram following ports that former legislative colleagues For his part, Mr. Jackson did not di- revelations about a tattoo that resem- It is no secret what Mr. Jackson plans to report. The Senate Republicans’ main that Mr. Platner does. said he could be quick to anger. rectly answer when he was asked after bled a Nazi symbol and a trail of offen- do: Tie Ms. Collins to Mr. Trump, who super PAC, which has announced it will “You can be outspent, but if you keep On Friday night, Mr. Trump called Mr. the convention if he could point to any sive online posts. lost the statewide vote in Maine in each spend $42 million in Maine alone, began the attention of the crowd you can offset Jackson “another lunatic.” The opening issue on which he differs from Mr. Plat- By replacing Mr. Platner with Mr. of his three presidential campaigns. attacking Mr. Jackson minutes after he the money advantage,” said David advertisement about Mr. Jackson from ner. Jackson, Maine Democrats hope to At the Saturday convention where was named the nominee. Farmer, a longtime Democratic political the Senate Republican super PAC said “1 don’t know about the daylight, the make the race less about their candidate Democrats picked Mr. Jackson as their Mr. Jackson told reporters after the operative in Maine. “Troy is going to he was “like Graham Platner, but separation, any of that stuff” he said. and more about painting Ms. Collins as a new candidate, speaker after speaker convention that he had not spoken with have to win that attention war.” worse.” “All I know is I’m Troy Jackson, and I tool of the ultrawealthy and a rubber cited Ms. Collins’s vote for Brett Kava- Senator Chuck Schumer of New York, It showed the two men campaigning care about Maine.” stamp for President Trump on the most naugh, the Trump-nominated Supreme the minority leader whose allies control COLLINS'S APPROACH together, their hands tightly clasped. pressing matters. Court justice whom Ms. Collins voted to the Senate Democrats’ main super PAC, Ms. Collins and her allies are now racing But Ms. Collins also highlighted dif- Esmé E. Deprez contributed reporting “Who has she served?” Mr. Jackson confirm after claiming she received an and whom Mr. Jackson said he would to define a new rival after spending ferences between Mr. Platner, who was from Casco, Maine. 6 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

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Prison to reopen as immigration detention site Inarecent statement, Gov. Josh Stein, HERTFORD COUNTY, N.C. a Democrat, condemned the planned = opening of the facility. “The planned ICE detention center in Planned ICE facility Winton is not state-owned, and I did not approve this transaction,” he wrote on will be among largest social media. “Like many other North of its kind on East Coast Carolinians, I do not want it in our state. ICE and Border Patrol have not earned BY EDUARDO MEDINA our trust.” AND HAMED ALEAZIZ Well-paying jobs are scarce in the county, so some see the new ICE deten- For weeks, residents near the long-dor- tion center as an economic lifeline. Oth- mant Rivers Correctional Institution in ers worry about becoming another Winton, N.C., have noticed trucks inside flashpoint in the immigration crack- the prison’s gates, people walking down and serving as an outpost for a around the entrance and fences being deeply polarizing federal agency. erected. The former Rivers Correctional Insti- Internal documents obtained by The tution, which closed in 2021 as the Biden New York Times show that U.S. Immi- administration moved to end federal gration and Customs Enforcement contracts with for-profit prisons, also plans to open a detention center at the has a history of poor conditions. complex in northeastern North Carolina A federal report of private prisons in by the end of the year. The facility is 2016 found that Rivers had the highest owned by GEO Group, one of the largest rates of inmate-on-inmate sexual mis- private prison operators in the country. conduct, violence, contraband finds (ex- Contract negotiations are ongoing, but cluding cellphones) and positive drug the documents show that the facility will tests. More recently, prisons across the have 1,400 beds, making it among the state have struggled to find employees, largest East Coast detention centers. and itis unclear how Rivers would fare if The opening of the facility — the first it reopened. of its kind in North Carolina — signals “Part of my worry is that we're not that even as ICE has been retreating prepared for what’s going to happen from its plan to buy up warehouses when that place opens,” said Jennifer around the United States, it remains de- Smyth, who teaches English to nonna- termined to increase its capacity for de- tive speakers in Hertford County. Even taining people as part of the Trump ad- if the county doesn’t see more ICE ar- ministration’s mass deportation cam- rests, she says she worries about in- paign. creased activity in other parts of the state. Residents say the financial struggles The Trump administration and need for job creation are evident: remains determined to increase Downtown Winton has several aban- its capacity for detaining people doned buildings, and the surrounding infrastructure is easily prone to flood- as part of its campaign. ing. But a steel manufacturer is expected Documents obtained by The Times in to bring more than 700 high-paying jobs June show that ICE plans to offload sev- to Hertford County by 2030. On GEO en warehouses that it bought for more Group’s website, there is one job posting than $700 million, scaling back a signa- for a facility maintenance manager in ture initiative under the previous home- Rivers; the pay minimum is $72,800. land security secretary, Kristi Noem. Leroy Douglas, a Hertford County The Department of Homeland Security commissioner who politically identifies sent a letter to Pennsylvania officials as an independent, said the two recent this month saying that it no longer fatal shootings by ICE agents in Texas planned to use a warehouse in Berks and Maine had made some residents County. more resistant to having an immigra- But it continues to partner with pri- tion detention facility in their backyard. vate companies like GEO Group to re- But plenty of others, he added, approve purpose existing prison complexes in of the plan, especially those who lost places like North Carolina, Colorado and their jobs when the Rivers prison closed Arizona, all of which have large immi- in 2021. grant populations. Itis unclear how many local residents The agency has to find bed space in would be employed there. In 2021, the places that are perceived as “more prison employed about 300 people. friendly” toward such facilities and do TNOTOCRAPISHY CORNEL, WATSON FORTHE NEW YORK TES While he doesn’t agree with a lot of not prohibit them, said Claire Trickler- Internal documents obtained by The New York Times show that U.S. 01 plans to open a detention center at the old Rivers Correctional Institu- ICE’s aggressive tactics, Mr. Douglas McNulty, a former ICE official who has tion, top and above right, in Winton, N.C., by the end of December. “This is going to be a ride that I don’t think we’re ready for,” said Bobby Ray Riddick, above left, a local resident. said he did not believe that agents would served in Republican and Democratic be “running rampant around Hertford administrations. County, because that’s not what this is At the same time, North Carolina and iffs and state law enforcement agencies been made public by GEO Group, which the previous two years combined, ac- nearby. “What kind of quality of life do about.” its surrounding states are a so-called de- to cooperate with ICE, which is likely to did not respond to requests seeking cording to the Deportation Data Project, those jobs bring?” Mr. Douglas says he has had no com- tention desert. Most detainees in the re- increase the need for capacity. comment. A media representative for an academic group. The county, which has a population of munication with ICE or GEO Group gion are often taken to facilities farther The Winton facility is poised to make ICE said in a statement that the agency In Hertford County, N.C., whose less than 20,000, is predominantly Black leaders. south— as happened during the immi- North Carolina a major hub for ICE de- had “no new detention centers to an- county seat is Winton, some local offi- with pockets of Haitian and Mexican In Facebook posts speculating about gration crackdown in Charlotte, N.C., tentions along the East Coast, said Ste- nounce at this time.” cials have expressed concerns about be- communities. Its poverty rate is about the prison reopening, comment sections last year — which costs more time, fania Arteaga, the co-founder of Car- “It should not come as news that ICE ing kept in the dark over the federal gov- 23 percent, nearly double the statewide have turned into broader debates about money and resources. Immigration law- olina Migrant Network, an immigrant will be making arrests in states across ernment’s plans, as they try to manage rate. the morality of ICE and border security. yers and advocates say that a new de- rights group. the U.S. and is actively working to ex- all the speculation. The county is heavily It also sits in a competitive congres- Local activists have begun to mobilize tention center near the Virginia border The internal documents show that the pand detention space,” the statement Democratic. sional district, currently held by Repre- against the facility, organizing protests could greatly increase agents’ capacity ICE field office in Washington plans to said. “This is the most divisive issue that sentative Don Davis, a Democrat. The and flooding county officials with ques- to detain more people across neighbor- manage the detention center. A state of- Since President Trump took office in we've had in this area,” said Mayor district was redrawn last year to favor tions. Bobby Ray Riddick, who retired ing states. ficial, who requested anonymity to dis- January 2025, federal immigration Weyling J. White of Ahoskie, about 10 the Republican candidate, Laurie Buck- years ago and used to work at a chicken North Carolina, which has a powerful cuss private planning, said the facility agents have arrested more than 6,300 miles (16 kilometers) from Winton, not- hout, a retired Army colonel. Neither processing plant, is one of them. i trolled legisl: al: iSO could be open as soon as late September. people in North Carolina, which is dou- ing that he had major reservations candidate responded to requests for “This is going to be a ride that I don't recently passed laws that require sher- The contract negotiations have not ble the number of arrests made during about having an ICE-operated facility comment. think we're ready for,” Mr. Riddick said.

A growing fight over the line between life and death BY POOJA SALHOTRA Court challenges like the Camp fam- ana, said she visited Annelise after she to believe it would violate the patient’s ily’s date back to at least 2016, when par- was transferred to Ochsner and prayed religious beliefs. Annelise Camp was found unconscious ents of a 2-year-old in Virginia sought to over her with her family. “Annelise is being seen as less than in aswimming pool in Texas in May. She block a hospital from performing a brain The idea of brain death has also be- other patients because she doesn’t have was only 2 years old, and it wasn’t clear death test after the child choked on a come more disputed recently in part be- consciousness,” Mr. Seago said. “That is how long she had been underwater. piece of popcorn. Part of the brain death cause of recent news coverage about pa- the same kind of discriminatory world- Paramedics performed CPR to try to exam involves an apnea test, in which a tients’ showing signs of life while their view we oppose in other situations.” revive her. And finally, a faint heartbeat SHospitat a: person is temporarily taken off mechan- organs were being removed for transfer. The concept of brain death was intro- returned, but not enough to stimulate a ical ventilation that pumps air into lungs Historically, most donated organs have duced in the late 1960s as advancements pulse in her wrist. She was put on a ven- to see if the body is actively taking in a come from people who are brain-dead in resuscitation and ventilators posed tilator at a Houston-area hospital, and WOE tn, breath on its own. If the person makes and are temporarily kept on machines new ethical predicaments. At the time, doctors overseeing her care thought she no effort to breathe, he or she is consid- only to maintain their organs, though the field of organ transplantation was was brain-dead. ered brain-dead. In the Virginia case, such organs don’t remain viable indefi- just beginning. In 1968, a Harvard com- But her family believed she could re- the family said the test would lead to a nitely. mittee published a report defining brain cover, and the Camps’ resistance to a dangerous buildup of carbon dioxide, Those types of stories, Mr. Pope said, death. That document provided the test to confirm the brain death diagnosis but the court ruled against the family, have “sowed the seeds of distrust” in the foundation for the 1981 Uniform Deter- reflects the newest front in a continuing and the child died before the Virginia Su- medical system. mination of Death Act, a template for a legal and moral struggle over when life preme Court could consider the appeal. “There's also a faith element to it,” he law that could be adopted by states. It ends. Under Texas law, and in most That challenge, like the Camp case, continued. Some people do not accept was developed by legal and medical states, hospitals can withdraw life-sus- raised the question of whether physi- brain death a hile others b groups and defined the end of life clini- taining measures such as feeding tubes cians must obtain consent before evalu- lieve in divine intervention. Mr. Pope cally as the irreversible cessation of cir- and ventilators after a patient is de- ‘MATT PATTERSON, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS ating a patient for brain death. Accord- added that people who are brain-dead culatory, respiratory or brain function. clared brain-dead, which is defined both Instead of trying to block life support from being removed, some families in the United ing to guidelines from the American Most states adopted that law. in law and by the medical establishment States are suing to prevent physicians from conducting brain death tests. Academy of Neurology, there is no obli- Since that template was created, as the irreversible cessation of brain gation to obtain consent because doc- There are some who argue though, some questions have persisted. function. tors have a professional obligation to re- that a brain death diagnosis For example, most states do not specify But to do that, they must first conduct emerged in the 1960s to sustain people's ing a brain death test, they found an- port death accurately. is inconsistent with certain in their guidelines whether physicians a test for brain death, a status that itself bodily functions after they have lost con- other hospital willing to treat her, David Magnus, a professor of medi- must obtain consent before performing is contentious. Right-to-life activists ar- sciousness. Ochsner Children’s Hospital in Louisi- cine and biomedical ethics at Stanford religious beliefs. a brain death test, leaving open the pos- gue that a person is living so long as his The Camp case represents a new bat- ana, and last month transferred her University in California, said it was im- sibility for challenges like the one the or her heart beats — even if he or she is tleground, though. Instead of trying to there. That hospital did not return re- portant for doctors who care for criti- do not necessarily appear deceased, Camp family lodged. dependent on a ventilator for oxygen. block life support from being removed, quests for comment, and it was not clear cally ill patients to be able to perform since their bodies are still warm and In 2023, the Uniform Law Commis- The idea of brain death also conflicts the Camps are part of a wave of families whether doctors there will perform a tests without consent. Otherwise, he their heart is still beating with the help sion paused its efforts to revise the Uni- with the religious beliefs of some that pre-empting that by suing to stop physi- brain death test. said, “you'd have to get consent every of a ventilator. That can make it even form Determination of Death Act be- hold that a soul remains as long as the cians from even conducting a brain Heath Novosad, a lawyer for the hour.” harder for families to accept the diagno- cause d patient heart can pump blood. death test. They argue that the diagno- Camp family, declined to speak about Mr. Pope, the law professor, said the sis. advocacy groups were too divided. Mr. The opposition to a test, which many sis is inconsistent with certain religious the case, saying he was bound by a court number of challenges to brain death ex- Texas Right to Life, a Christian orga- Pope, who was on the committee doctors say prevents them from con- beliefs, though the procedure is consid- order. The family did not return re- aminations has increased, though most nization that opposes abortion, worked charged with drafting the revision, said ducting what they consider a noninva- ered standard medical practice. quests for comment, and Mr. Novosad do not unfold so publicly. The Camp fam- with the Camp family to find Ochsner the change was supposed to address sive diagnostic procedure, has compli- “Every major children’s hospital in said the Camps were also prohibited ily’s case drew the attention of anti- Children’s Hospital. John Seago, the whether doctors needed to obtain con- cated what many once thought was the country has had cases like this,” Dr. from discussing the case. abortion organizations and politicians, president of the organization, said the sent before doing the brain death test, more clear cut. Robert D. Truog, a bioethicist at Har- In a statement provided by its lawyer who believe in the sanctity of life and convictions behind his stance on abor- and whether the law should permit reli- “You'd think what is life and what is vard University in Massachusetts, said. after the transfer, Texas Children’s Hos- have sought to rally more support. tion also led him to reject that brain gious exemptions. death is scientific,” said Thaddeus Pope, “Most of these families are understand- pital said it had reached out to more than Ken Paxton, the Republican attorney death is death. “The whole point was to create unifor- who directs the Health Law Institute at ably in a state of denial.” Dr. Truog em- 40 hospitals to try to transfer Annelise general of Texas and a candidate for Mr. Seago pointed to the state of New mity,” he said. “But they realized we are Mitchell Hamline School of Law in St. phasized that no patient who has tested before Ochsner agreed to take her. Senate, wrote on social media last Jersey as a model for other states be- not going to get uniformity because Paul, Minn. brain-dead has ever regained con- “This is a tragic and heartbreaking month before the transfer that he was cause of its law allowing for a religious there is no consensus.” Questions about when a patient can sciousness. situation,” the hospital said, adding that “closely monitoring this case and will i re healfli Sd be taken off life support have garnered After the Camps sued Texas Chil- it had exhausted all medically viable op- act to protect this child.” Liz Murrill, the cannot declare a person dead based on Kitty Bennett and Sheelagh McNeill con- widespread debate since technology dren’s Hospital to block it from perform- tions. Republican attorney general of Louisi- neurological criteria if they have reason tributed research. THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 7

Business The woman who became Epsteins heir Mr. Epstein controlled the relation- mate tickets to see “The Lion King” on Karyna Shuliak benefited ship, but there is little doubt she bene- Broadway and dinners at restaurants. fited from it professionally, personally Hetreated her toa scenic helicopter ride in many ways as girlfriend and financially. around Manhattan. By July 2011, she of notorious sex offender The emails reveal new details about had visited his New Mexico ranch; afew how Mr. Epstein helped her get into Co- months later, his private island resi-

BY MATTHEW GOLDSTEIN lumbia University’s dental school — and dence in the U.S. Virgin Islands. AND SHARON OTTERMAN how he helped her obtain U.S. citizen- ship by asking one of his female victims “YOU ARE THE PUREST MAN” The young dentist was smiling and soft- to marry her. Ever since she was a child, Dr. Shuliak spoken, wearing a Columbia University In one email he suggested that the wanted to be a dentist. She was inspired fleece jacket and holding her long hair fastest “way to a green card” was by her own family’s dental problems and back with a clip. She was introduced by through a same-sex marriage. what she saw as the poor dental health her assistant simply as “Dr. Karyna.” This year, congressional Democrats in Belarus, she wrote in an admissions But what the patient — who had come accused Mr. Epstein of exploiting the essay to dental school reviewed by The to the office in December expecting to immigration system and called out Dr. Times. She had completed four of five see a different dentist — didn’t know Shuliak’s marriage to an American years of dental school in Minsk, but was that she was being treated by Dr. woman, which ended in divorce, as a po- stopped her studies to go to New York. Karyna Shuliak, the notorious sex of- tentially “illusory” one. U.S. immigra- By the winter of 2012, she accepted fender Jeffrey Epstein’s girlfriend. tion authorities have not challenged the Mr. Epstein’s help to get into dental Dr. Shuliak was the last person Mr. process through which Dr. Shuliak ob- school. After Columbia's College of Den- Epstein called before he killed himself in tained her citizenship. tal Medicine initially rejected her, Mr. his jail cell in 2019. She could inherit as As of this spring, Dr. Shuliak had been Epstein asked his own dentist, Dr. much as $100 million from his estate, in- living in the condo building in New Thomas J. Magnani, a powerful alum- cluding a 33-carat diamond ring, accord- York’s Upper East Side neighborhood in nus, to put him in contact with the dental ing to a trove of investigative records re- which Mr. Epstein’s brother, Mark, has a school dean. Mr. Epstein dangled the leased by federal authorities. financial stake. idea of making up to a $10 million dona- But on that winter day, Dr. Shuliak Through her lawyer, she declined to tion. In the end, he would give only was working as a part-time dentist in an comment. about $210,000 to Columbia, according unremarkable office downtown in New In a brief interview, Mark Epstein to an accounting by the university, but it York City’s Brooklyn borough, accord- said, “I only wish that woman the best.” was enough to grease the wheels. ing to dentists who work or used to work A friend of Dr. Shuliak’s from Belarus, The Justice Department files include at the practice. who once shared an apartment with her a text message chain showing how Dr. Her attempt to forge something of a in Brooklyn and asked not be named to Magnani and Dr. James Fine, a dental normal life, though, was soon shattered protect her privacy, said she believed school administrator, gave Dr. Shuliak a when the U.S. Justice Department re- Dr. Shuliak “truly loved” Jeffrey Ep- heads-up on the topics she would en- leased three million pages of investiga- stein. counter during an admissions exam in tive files and emails it had gathered on April 2012 to test her practical skills as a Mr. Epstein. The files, released in late “GO SLOW” transfer student. Neither Dr. Magnani January, included thousands of intimate Karyna Shuliak had lived in New York nor Dr. Fine responded to a request for emails between Dr, Shuliak and Mr. Ep- for only nine months when she met Mr. comment. stein and dozens of photographs of her Epstein in late March 2011. After she passed and Columbia admit- and of them together. She had moved from Belarus on a ted her, Mr. Epstein arranged for Dr. Suddenly, their nearly eight-year re- temporary student visa to study English Shuliak’s mother to visit from Belarus. lationship was on vivid display for all to at a school in the city’s Manhattan bor- He would pay her tuition for her three see. They had fights about sex — with ough. She was making about $15 an hour years of school. “You are the purest man both wanting more at different times. as a dental assistant and applying for out of all men,” Dr. Shuliak wrote to him She placed orders to a sexual wellness waitressing jobs while she tried to figure in June 2012. company for couples. She periodically out how to continue the dental education “All your love and care, my parents, sent him links to graphic pornographic she had begun in Belarus. school, apartment. THANK YOU SOOO videos. In some emails they discussed A young woman from Siberia would MUCH FOR EVERYTHING!!!” birth control pills and acne medications introduce her to Mr. Epstein, the files They fought at times over his insist- and treatments. show. The woman said in an interview ence on having sex with other women in Dr. Shuliak, 37, emerges as a compli- with The New York Times that she had their 20s, including with the small group cated and unusual figure in Mr. Ep- periodically been expected to recruit of assistants who did chores for him and stein’s world, based on a close review of other young women, presumably to pro- whom he referred to as his “family,” ac- the files and conversations with several vide Mr. Epstein with sexualized mas- cording to the emails. people familiar with her. A native of Be- sages. And that appeared to be Mr. Ep- “I understand you need it, however larus who met Mr. Epstein when she stein’s intention with Dr. Shuliak. these are the things that don’t feel natu- was 21, she has not identified herself as a The woman, who asked not to be ral to me, it feels somewhat dirty to me,” victim, nor have federal authorities con- named because she said Mr. Epstein had she wrote to him in August 2012. sidered her a co-conspirator in Mr. Ep- abused her, had sent Mr. Epstein a photo Nowhere in the Justice Department stein’s sex trafficking. There is no indi- of Dr. Shuliak, describing her as pretty. files that were reviewed by The Times cation that the Federal Bureau of Inves- After some back and forth, it was de- does Dr. Shuliak express a broader ethi- tigation ever interviewed her, and law- cided that the woman, Dr. Shuliak and cal concern about how he was treating yers for hundreds of his victims have her roommate from Belarus would meet those other women, many of whom never deposed her. Mr. Epstein at his Manhattan mansion. would later claim to be victims of his He once called her his “favorite” and “Go slow,” the woman advised Mr. Ep- abuse. Instead, she asked Mr. Epstein to often told her he loved her. She had free stein in an email. keep his relations with those women out use of a credit card to buy whatever she Their first encounters fit the familiar of her sight. wanted. They jetted around the world pattern he used with other women. Mr. “Tf that is not a lot to ask, please enjoy together, and he funneled payments of Epstein flattered, pampered and tried to CRISTIANA COUCEIRO it but keep me away from it,” she wrote. nearly $1 million to her over the years. manipulate her, the files show. Almost “I will stay with you no matter what, as He also sent tens of thousands of dollars immediately, he offered to help her real- added that she could not accept his help Mr. Epstein had pleaded guilty in Flor- cruel sometimes and in most cases we long as you are happy. I love you.” to her parents in Belarus, the files re- ize her dream of becoming a dentist. “due to some views which strongly stay ida to a charge of soliciting prostitution have to pay a certain price for things. I veal. But the emails show that Dr. Shuliak in my mind, no matter how stupid it may from an underage teenager and had should say that I have read some infor- GETTING A GREEN CARD Over the years, she earned enough of pushed back — at least in the first few look.” been accused of abusing dozens of other mation about you.” By the time she applied to Columbia in his trust to help manage his properties months. “I wish you all the best and apologize teenagers. Mr. Epstein, who was 58 at the time, 2012, Dr. Shuliak had overstayed the stu- and staff and even played a critical role A few weeks after they met, she wrote if I wasted your time,” she added. His response was to berate her for lis- did not take no for an answer. The emails dent visa she obtained in 2010. in his effort to buy a Moroccan palace to Mr. Epstein, telling him she thought Though she doesn’t specify what up- tening to “rumors and stories.” released by federal prosecutors show In early 2013, Mr. Epstein found a so- just weeks before his 2019 arrest. he was a “remarkable person.” But she set her, their introduction occurred after She responded: “This world is very that he bought Dr. Shuliak and her room- SHULIAK, PAGE 8

Hollywood’s blockbuster deal to be a courtroom drama waved a very, very small white flag to timony from witnesses. Paramount views trial say, ‘OK, we're going to delay this on our On Thursday, Judge Martinez-Olguin own accord.” asked Paramount, the states and the as fastest option to seal The impending courtroom face-off is Writers Guild to meet to try to deter- merger with Warner Bros. likely to be one of the most closely mine a schedule for arguments over the watched Hollywood trials in years, in- injunction. She asked them to return BY LAUREN HIRSCH, DAVID MCCABE volving high-profile figures like Mr. Elli- with an update the next day, and gave no AND BENJAMIN MULLIN son and his father, the Oracle co-founder hint of whether she was likely to give Larry Ellison, who is backing his bid for Paramount the hearing it requested. On a call around 9 p.m. on Thursday, Warner Bros. Opposition to the deal has Hours later, on the call with the states Jeffrey Kessler, the top trial lawyer for mounted in the entertainment industry: and the Writers Guild, Mr. Kessler pro- the media behemoth Paramount, made The Writers Guild of America has chal- posed the pause that would allow the a stunning proposal that could stall the lenged it on the grounds that it will hurt case to go to trial. company’s $111 billion merger with screenwriters. Paramount's willingness to wait until Warner Bros. Discovery well into next The delay means that some of Ameri- the deal’s expiration in June was meant ear. ca’s most important news and entertain- to signal to Judge Martinez-Olguin that Paramount, which is run by the tech ment organizations are trapped in scion David Ellison, was staring down a limbo. The fate of CNN, which is owned lengthy legal battle with state attorneys by Warner Bros., is uncertain. Likewise A prolonged delay will be costly general, who in mid-July had sued to for HBO, a linchpin of the Warner Bros. r Paramount. stop the blockbuster merger over an- streaming business. The ultimate des- titrust concerns. Both sides seemed tiny of the Warner Bros. film studio, and poised to spend weeks arguing about in- its trove of iconic movies, is still up in the the company was trying to be construc- the-weeds legal motions and scheduling air. tive, two people familiar with the case questions that precede a trial. The lawsuit from the states is one of said. But Paramount will still look to Then Mr. Kessler, the co-executive the final hurdles to the deal, after the move as quickly as possible within the chairman of the law firm Winston Tay- Justice Department declined to chal- court’s guidance. lor, whom Paramount retained for the lenge the acquisition last month. The A prolonged delay will be costly for deal, called the states. Let’s forgo those states argue that allowing Paramount to Paramount. To get its deal approved, early legal battles and move toa trial, he merge with Warner Bros. would give the Paramount agreed to pay Warner Bros. suggested, according to three people fa- combined company too much power Discovery shareholders $650 million for miliar with the call. Paramount would over films released in theaters and, in every quarter the deal doesn’t close, be- agree to halt its merger until June 2027 particular, the blockbusters that ac- ginning in October. And if regulators at the latest, while the court case played count for a large portion of studio reve- STELLA KALININA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES blow up the deal, Paramount owes out, clearing the way for a legal show- nues. Paramount says that the states Opposition to Paramount's $111 billion merger with Warner Bros. Discovery has mounted in the entertainment industry. Warner Bros. Discovery a $7 billion down that could redefine Hollywood. are ignoring the dominance of stream- breakup fee. Mr. Kessler proposed the delay be- ers like YouTube and Netflix, viewing So far, Warner Bros. has largely de- cause Paramount thought going to a the industry through a narrow lens. Rob Bonta, California’s attorney gen- Martinez-Olguin of the U.S. District bring witnesses to that hearing. ferred to Paramount’s approach to the trial was the fastest way to complete the Paramount recently hired Beth eral, called it “great news,” adding that Court for the Northern District of Cali- That timeline, the states had said in a legal battle with the states, according to deal, according to two people familiar Wilkinson, a partner at the law firm the states were “eager to continue to fornia saying that the states had made July 15 filing, was “rushed” and “pa- two people familiar with the matter. with the matter. At the same time, the Wilkinson Stekloff, to lead the litigation make our case.” A spokesman for “a strong showing” that the deal would tently unfair,” because it did not give Hashing out a trial date will be the company had already faced a series of against the states, according to two peo- Warner Bros. Discovery had no com- hurt competition. their lawyers much time to discover next twist in the legal saga. In the flurry early setbacks in the states’ lawsuit, in- ple familiar with the company’s plans. ment The company then faced a fight to new evidence. Instead, the states said a of negotiations on Thursday and Friday, cluding two court-imposed temporary Ms. Wilkinson successfully defended Paramount's proposal changes its po- convince Judge Martinez-Olguin that full airing of the evidence — complete Paramount and the states agreed to sub- pauses on the acquisition. Microsoft’s 2023 acquisition of Activi- sition from two weeks earlier. On July 13, she should not pause the deal indefi- with witnesses on the stand — was best mit their proposed trial schedules next “On some level, the parties saw the sion. the state attorneys general requested a nitely while she considered the lawsuit, saved for a later, full-blown trial. Friday. But they appear to be far apart handwriting on the wall,” said Eric Tal- Paramount and the states both de- voluntary stop on the deal while the liti- a so-called preliminary injunction. On Monday last week, Judge on that point: Paramount is targeting a ley, a professor at Columbia Law School clared victory after they agreed to the gation played out. Paramount wasn't Paramount asked for an extensive Martinez-Olguin scheduled a hearing on November court date, and the states in New York who specializes in corpo- delay. In a statement, Paramount said willing to freeze past September. hearing in mid- to late August to make the injunction for Aug. 3, earlier than have said they want to go to trial some- rate law and governance. “Rather than the pause was “a significant win” be- The states went to court for a short its case against the injunction, and Paramount had wanted, and the judge time next year, two people familiar with trying to fight it out right now, they cause it set up “a direct path to a trial.” pause and won, with Judge Araceli pressed repeatedly for the chance to did not say whether she would allow tes- the matter said. 8 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

BUSINESS

A Porsche hybrid, a century ahead of its time WHEELS

In 1900, brand’s founder pioneered use of engines to power electric battery BY PAUL STENQUIST Before there were super-hybrids, before plug-in versions, before even the vaunted Prius — the hybrid that set the modern standard — there was the 1900 Lohner-Porsche Semper Vivus. Created by Ferdinand Porsche nearly 100 years before the first Prius ever turned a wheel, the Semper Vivus, which means “always alive,” used electric power but didn’t suffer the severe range limitation that NZLE/AGENC "RANCE PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES plagued early electrics, which relied Ferdinand Porsche, left, built the Lohner-Porsche Seanper+ Vivus ini 1900. Two engines solely on lead-acid batteries. drove two generators that powered the wheel-hub motors while charging a battery pack. Indeed, we must back up a bit. In essence, it was what we call a series hybrid. Above, a replica Semper Vivus in 2011. Porsche was a prolific automotive inventor and engineer long before the company that would bear his name and a production version was devel- While Porsche doesn’t currently was formed, and he was just 25 years oped, the Lohner-Porsche Mixte. This produce a serial hybrid, the company old when he built the world’s first design further simplified the hybrid is heavily into parallel hybrids, includ- hybrid automobile. powertrain with a Daimler four-cylin- ing the Panamera 4 E-Hybrid, which His early technical experience was der engine spinning a single generator combines the power of a combustion in electrical energy, working for a that both powered the hub motors and engine and an electric motor to gener- producer of electrical components in charged a compact battery pack. The ate 463 horsepower — with a top speed Vienna. In the last years of the 19th hub motors functioned as generators of 173 m.p.h. Like the Lohner-Porsche, century, he went to work for Jakob on deceleration, thus providing some it’s not inexpensive, with a starting Lohner & Company, a well-known measure of regenerative braking, but price of $127,200. coach builder. four-wheel brakes were fitted as well. Porsche A.G., now part of the Volks- There he created a battery-powered This Mixte was built on a wooden wagen Group, is quick to play up the vehicle known as the System Lohner- frame, atop of which rode a phaeton pioneering efforts of Porsche. It wasn’t the world’s first body. The car was expensive, and not Production of its founder. In 2007, battery-powered vehicle, but it was many were sold to the public. One Porsche Engineering significant in that it was driven by account cites just 12 sales of the first the Porsche and Drescher Ka- wheel-hub motors, and Porsche’s work Mixte version in all. But variations on hybrids = rosseriebau, a coach in creating that drivetrain system the theme were subsequently said to have builder, constructed would soon lead him to develop a produced for fleet use, including some totaled a replica of the Sem- hybrid car. with four motors and all-wheel drive. about 300. per Vivus hybrid Although a wheel-hub motor for Total production of Lohner-Porsche prototype, using railroad cars had been awarded a U.S. hybrids is said to have totaled approxi- photographs, an patent in the 1880s, Porsche’s hub mately 300. The last example of any engineering drawing and some in- motor was an engineering break- version is believed to have been de- formed guesswork. through. By incorporating motors in stroyed during World War II. In a footnote to Ferdinand Porsche's the wheel hubs of a battery-powered The Lohner-Porsche hybrids were hybrid adventures, the Mixte, the first electric car, drivetrain components SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY, VIA REUTERS CONNECT serial hybrids. The gasoline engine of production hybrid, is said to have been were eliminated and mechanical sys- this type of hybrid serves only to funded largely by a German automo- tems were simplified. There are inher- the Exposition Universelle — resulted hour, competitive for the time, but hub motors while charging a much power a generator, which provides tive entrepreneur named Emil Jellinik ent drawbacks, but in 1900, the advan- in this report in The Berliner Zeitung: given the limitations and weight of smaller and lighter battery pack. In electric current to charge the batteries — aname students of Daimler history tages of hub motors far outweighed “The vehicle’s epochal innovation is lead-acid batteries, it could be driven essence, it was what we now call a and, in some cases, power the motors. will recognize. Jellinik was a marketer any problems. Hub motors are still the full removal of the intermediate only about 30 miles on each full battery series hybrid. The car could be initially, Almost all modern hybrids are parallel of Daimler automobiles, which, at his used today, primarily in bicycles, al- transmission,” the newspaper said, and charge and was reportedly reduced to albeit briefly, operated on battery hybrids that combine electric power insistence, would soon thereafter be though they are also sometimes used added “through the integration of the acrawl when ascending hills. power alone. As in today’s mild hy- with the gasoline engine's output to known as Mercedes automobiles, in when conventional vehicles are con- electric motors, the Porsche system, So Porsche looked for a boost: inter- brids, the generators also served as turn the wheels. But there are a few honor of his daughter, Mercédés verted to electric power. into the hubs of the front wheels.” nal combustion engines. Two single- motors to start the gasoline engines. modern serial hybrids, most notably Jellinik. Had her father been so in- The System Lohner Porsche’s intro- This E.V. was capable of approxi- cylinder De Dion engines drove two After testing, the Lohner-Porsche the Ram 1500 Ramcharger and Nis- clined, the first Porsche electric might duction at the 1900 Paris World Fair — mately 20 miles, or 32 kilometers, an generators that powered the wheel- Semper Vivus was deemed successful, san’s e-Power hybrid models. have been a Mercedes.

The woman who became Epstein’ heir Ukraine's war momentum SHULIAK, FROM PAGE 7 lution to keep her in the country, the files “in contemplation of marriage,” accord- ing to a handwritten note on a related draws investors’ interest show. Two years earlier, New York be- document. But how much she will actu- came one of the first states to legalize ally receive is unclear. The estate is UKRAINE, FROM PAGE 1 tional investor in Ukraine, announced same-sex marriage. Mr. Epstein con- worth between $120 million and $200 sian advance in the Donbas region in the more than 500 million euros, or $570 mil- cluded that a marriage in New York be- million after paying out large sums to east, and there is little indication that lion, in new funding. The bank has in- tween two women might be the easiest his victims, records show. There are doz- President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia vested about €10 billion since the full- way to gain U.S. citizenship without rais- ens of beneficiaries in addition to Dr. plans to stop fighting anytime soon. scale invasion in 2022. ing red flags that the marriage was ar- Shuliak, including Mark Epstein’s chil- Still, some analysts say the war has The bank sees an opportunity in one ranged solely to avoid deportation. dren, who stand to inherit $10 million. turned in Ukraine’s favor, a shift more of Russia’s most damaging tactics: its Mr. Epstein chose, from the ranks of Yet despite this potential windfall, Dr. marked than any since the conflict’s first targeting of Ukraine’s coal-fired electri- his assistants, a 30-year-old woman Shuliak did not give up on her desire to months, when Russia endured a series cal generating plants. The bank has a from Minnesota to be her spouse. be a dentist. By 2023, she was back in of defeats. incarbor-fi BY, Brad Edwards, the lawyer for the New York applying for a postdoctoral Ukraine is fielding a new class of vid- which dovetails with Kyiv’s strategy of woman, said that his client was a victim dental program at Columbia, apparently eo-guided midrange drones that reach building solar and wind farms that are of Mr. Epstein and that he could not to fulfill a requirement she needed to ob- across the Russian-held land corridor harder to blow up. speak about her situation. But he said tain a license to practice in the state. connecting occupied Crimea to Russia. “There was a forced decarbonization that, as a general rule, “nobody was per- The same two dentists who helped Kyiv is routinely striking both supply in Ukraine,” said the bank’s vice presi- mitted or dared ever to disobey Jeffrey her gain admission to Columbia in 2012 lines into Crimea and oil refineries deep dent for banking, Matteo Patrone. Epstein.” once again came to her assistance, ac- inside Russia, trying to increase pres- Still, new direct foreign investment The emails show that Mr. Epstein in- cording to a copy of her admissions file sure on Moscow to negotiate. has been limited. Companies that oper- structed the woman to meet Dr. Shuliak reviewed by The Times. The file shows President Trump, long a skeptic of ated in Ukraine before the invasion, in- on the morning of Sept. 16, 2013, at the that Dr. Fine, the dean overseeing Co- Ukraine’s chances against Russia, has cluding McDonald’s and Nestle, have New York City Marriage Bureau. She lumbia’s postgraduate residency pro- taken note. “He’s doing pretty well,” Mr. expanded as it became clear that Russia was told to have her bags packed so she grams, created a special “faculty intern- Trump said last month of President would not overrun the country. But com- ship” for her at the Midtown Manhattan Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine. panies not already present have mostly dental practice he shared with Dr. Ma- A willingness to put money into the held back, said Andy Hunder, the head Dr. Shuliak was the last person gnani. country is a sign of the shifting senti- of the American Chamber of Commerce he called before he killed himself. Both men gave her their highest rec- ent. in Ukraine. ommendation for the program, which Eric Schmidt, the former chief execu- At the party, businessmen and diplo- she graduated from in May 2025 along tive of Google, and his wife, Wendy mats nursed drinks in the ethereal twi- could immediately fly to the Virgin Is- with six other students. In November, Schmidt, have invested in Kyiv real es- light of midsummer on the Baltic Sea. lands after getting the marriage license, she received her dental license to prac- tate. The couple bought shares in com- The choice of venue was telling. It was while Dr. Shuliak would stay behind to tice in New York. mercial real estate funds that hold shop- at this port where the liberation of Cen- attend her dental school classes. The In the aftermath of the release of the ping malls managed by a Ukrainian in- tral and Eastern Europe from the Soviet women were married three weeks later Epstein files, Columbia demoted Dr. vestment firm. Union began with the Solidarity move- at the Office of the City Clerk. Fine and removed Dr. Magnani from his The value of the shares was not dis- ment of dock workers organized by After the wedding, a Brooklyn immi- alumni leadership posts. The men de- closed, but Forbes estimated the stake Lech Walesa in the 1980s. gration lawyer working for Mr. Epstein clined to comment. The university did at $55 million to $70 million. Mr. Schmidt Now, the former Lenin Shipyard is a submitted an immigration form stating not recommend any consequences for is also an investor in Ukrainian drone gentrifying zone of condominiums, art that the woman wanted to list Dr. Shu- Dr. Shuliak, who it said had met the qual- companies that have helped shift the galleries and coffee shops. The gritty liak as her wife and beneficiary. The re- ifications for admission. tide of the war. docks have been transformed through quest was approved, and immigration At around the same time as she re- At the gathering in Gdansk in June, Poland’s post-Communist economic officials dismissed Dr. Shuliak’s pending DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ceived her New York dental license, Dr. the European Bank for Reconstruction boom — a path Ukrainian officials say deportation proceedings. Shuliak marrying a woman in 2013. Dr. Shuliak’s now former wife has claimed Shuliak answered a want ad on Indeed- and Development, the largest institu- they hope to emulate after the war. Months after the marriage, Dr. Shu- to be one of Jeffrey Epstein’s victims, so The New York Times is obscuring her image. .com for a part-time job as a dentist in liak got a green card, making her a law- Downtown Brooklyn, according to a ful resident. dentist with the practice, who spoke on In May 2018, she officially became a mansion and took along her cat, Blue- turned home to the United States, while the condition of anonymity to discuss US. citizen. A year later Dr. Shuliak and berry, when they traveled together. Dr. Shuliak remained in Europe. When workplace issues. It was there that her spouse divorced. According to a re- She had become a licensed dentist in his plane touched down at Teterboro Yoonhae Kim, a patient, was treated by port released this year by Democrats on the U.S. Virgin Islands, Florida and New Airport in New Jersey, ae agents her twice, for a cleaning in December the House Committee on Oversight and Mexico after completing dental school were waiting and arrested and a filling in February. Government Reform, Dr. Shuliak’s for- in 2015. But there is no evidence that she About a month after his arrest. ina20- Ms. Kim said she hadn't realized Dr. ) Ukraine: mer wife claimed she had been forced had much ofa practice, even ehouge the minute phone call from a jail in Lower Shuliak’s true identity until she saw pho- Conference into marriage. The woman, in a state- files detail dental nstalled at Mr. Epstein told Dr. Shuliak tographs of her released with the Ep- ment to the Epstein estate, said she had some of his residences. Instead, she that the federal sex-trafficking charges stein files. Feeling duped because she not known that the wedding had been spent much of her energy helping to would take longer to resolve than he had was not informed of Dr. Shuliak’s full scheduled just days before Dr. Shuliak’s manage his properties and staff. thought. He advised her to find another name and wanting to warn other pa- deportation hearing. No task seemed too small. She in- place to stay for the time being, accord- tients, she reached out to The Times. The report concluded that the mar- structed his drivers to keep “cold Voss ing to an account of the call provided by “I was so upset,” Ms. Kim said. “I just riage may have been done to provide Dr. water” in Mr. Epstein’s cars, organized a her lawyer to federal authorities. The couldn’t believe it. Of all the things that Shuliak with the “legal basis to continue floral i ion for his lawyer, Maurice Sercarz, said he had happened to me, I didn’t win the lottery. residing in the United States.” It did not mansion, ordered a shipping container told her “to be strong.” I met Epstein’s girlfriend.” recommend any legal challenge to her filled with outdoor furniture for his is- The next morning, Aug. 10, 2019, Mr. Dr. Shuliak’s last day working at the citizenship. land and managed repairs and cleaning Epstein was found to have died by sui- Brooklyn office was Feb. 12. She was schedules for the Upper East Side apart- cide in his jail cell. supposed to work on Feb. 16, but she “I MET EPSTEIN’S GIRLFRIEND” ments that his brother was invested in. Shortly before his death, Mr. Epstein called in sick and never returned. In early 2019, Dr. Shuliak and Mr. Ep- In mid-June 2019, the pair traveled to- amended his will to leave to her much of WOSTEK RADWANSKI/ AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES stein seemed every bit acouple. She was gether to Paris, where Mr. Epstein had the $600 million fortune he had at the Kitty Bennett and Georgia Gee contrib- Aconference on Ukraine’s future in Gdansk, Poland, attracted 7,500 attendees and living most of the time in his New York an apartment. On July 6, Mr. Epstein re- time, including the large diamond ring uted research. produced 160 agreements that netted Ukraine about $11 billion in investment and aid. THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 9

Opinion Ukraines L.G.B.1-Q. soldiers are still fighting and still waiting soldiers killed in action alongside rainbow flags and The legal Alex Averbuch banners. (red waited througth partners, TI is simple: Th ’ partners

                                                                               feared the same calls and carried the same grief. Do

has always L.G.B.T.Q. Ukrainian soldiers can risk their lives for they not then have the same right to stand beside a been un- the state, but if they are wounded or killed, the part- hospital bed? To receive medical information or bearabl ners who love them are legal strangers in the eyes of make decisions in a crisis? To arrange a burial, arabic. that state. inherit property, receive benefits? Then the war Th Court of Human Ri; din the war shouldp i with Russia 2023 that Ukraine’ 's lack of legal recognition for questions; rather, it has made them impossible to ed same-sex couples was discriminatory and violated postpone. In the first months after Russia’s full-scale seemed to the right to private and family life. A bill to create invasion, a petition that urged the Ukrainian govern- make the registered partnerships was introduced that year ment to consider registered disparity but remains stuck in Parliament. The legal gap has cmeh support to trigger: a parliamentary debate. always been unbearable; then the war with Russia untenable. seemed as though it would make that disparity i the bill stalled. Opponents argued that there But the gap untenable. Surely, queer soldiers visibly defending are more important things to discuss, that sexuality remains. the nation from the front would render the hypocrisy is private, that Pride is a masquerade, that the state of Ukrainian law too obvious to sustain. But the gap should not interfere with love, that Ukraine should remains. first win the war and then talk about rights. L.G.B.T.Q. Uk in uniform Early this year, a new draft of the civil cote was aunicorn patch, a wry response to claims that there proposed that are no gaysin the Ukrainian ‘military. 1They volun- unit ass being a different- -SeX Kparmership, explicitly teer, pay taxes, d mourn. Some annul have been wounded, some killed. At Kyiv Pride last amarr f th legally chan; month, marchers carried photographs of L.G.B.T.Q. gender. Beneath these arguments lies aclear de:

                                                                                                                                                                                      mand: that L.G.B.T.Q. people exist only quietly —
                                                                                                                                                                                      without visibility, without legal recognition, without
                                                                                                                                                                                      family status and without a place in the national story.
                                                                                                                                                                                          In Marcha Supreme Court ruling recognized a
                                                                                                                                                                                      same-sex couple as afamily under Ukrainian law. But
                                                                                                                                                                                       the bill that     Id     excl                             dits
                                                                                                                                                                                      advance inn April, despite criticism from human rights
                                                                                                                                                                                      groups
                                                                                                                                                                                      ship ini the European Union, which Ukraine seeks.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           regulate love. The state
                                                                                                                                                                                      already                hi                     f a shared life —
                                                                                                                                                                                       property, inheritance, medical decisions, children,
                                                                                                                                                                                       pensions, documents, burial, family status. L.G.B.T.Q.
                                                                                                                                                                                       advocates are calling for the state to stop discriminat-
                                                                                                                                                                                       ing at the hospital door, the notary’s desk, the military
                                                                                                                                                                                      office and the cemetery.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Ukrainian society has changed faster than many
                                                                                                                                                                                       politicians have noticed— or perhaps wanted to
                                                                                                                                                                                       notice. According to polling by the Kyiv International
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   by Nash Svit,a
                                                                                                                                                                                      gay righ            tent       thack      fl              Sriie
                                                                                                                                                                                      —_______—____             said L.G.B.T.Q. people should
                                                                                                                                                                                      Freedom is also           have the same rights as other
                                                                                                                                                                                          -                     citizens was 78.1 percent in
                                                                                                                                                                                      ve et ae                  2025, up from 63.7 percent in
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2022. About 70 percent of re-
                                                                                                                                                                                      one you love      spondents had a positive atti-
                                                                                                                                                                                      without the state tude toward L.G.B.T.Q. people
                                                                                                                                                                                      pretending that _ participating in the resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                       person isnoone.          to Russian aggression.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Russian propaganda has long
                                                                                                                                                                                                                portrayed queerness as part of
                                                                                                                                                                                       Western     decad           id what
                                                                                                                                                                                      as tradition. Ukraine cannot defeat Russian imperi-
                                                                                                                                                                                      alism on the battlefield, only to preserve some ofits
                                                                                                                                                                                      inherited habits of humiliation at home. In Russia
                                                                                                                                                                                      even expressions of queer identity are banned, and
                                                                                                                                                                                      transition surgery is illegal. President Vladimir Putin
                                                                                                                                                                                      has characterized the fight against Ukraine as part of
                                                                                                                                                                                      the fight to maintain “traditional Russian values.”
                                                                                                                                                                                         In 2023, Ukraine adopted the Law on Decoloniza-
                                                                                                                                                                                      tion, which instructed local authorities to remove
                                                                                                                                                                                      representations of Russian imperial policy from
                                                                                                                                                                                                      But           ization is not only changing
                                                                                                                                                                                       street    names, removing    imperial
                                                                                                                                                                                       returning Ukrainian literature tothe center of
                                                                                                                                                                                       Ukrainian life; itis al               the old
                                                                                                                                                                                       shame. A country does not become free merely by
                                                                                                                                                                                       changing i                                  becomes free
                                                                                                                                                                                       whenit                    unityon thei           ility of some
                                                                                                                                                                                       ofits people.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Ukraine asks the world to understand that ‘freedom
                                                                                                                                                                                       isnotan                                                 lives,
                                                                                                                                                                                       whether under the threat of airstrikes, ini air-raid
                                                                                                                                                                                       shelters, at a front nee or in hospital corridors. It is
                                                                                                                                                                                       something you fightfo:

Freedom iis alsot the tight to hold | the hand of the one you love without that person is noone.

                                                                                                                                                                                       ALEX AVERBUCH is a Ukrainian poet, a translator and
                                                                                                                                                                                       an assistant professor of Ukrainian studies at the
                                                                                                                                                                                       University of Michigan.

Place names change with time, and thats OK out of the marshland that it originally Consistency is an issue on this as name technically means “the hidden came after it. People reciting the al- What’ in John McWhorter was. But today, the “village” in Green- _ well. If “West Village” is such a bar- river river.” And let’s not even get into —_ phabet would say “ha, ka, el... .” But aname? wich Village refers to no actual lage: barism, then why are we so comfort- how “Schuylkill” is pronounced. It Latin didn’t really need the K, because D d We pronounce the word “vill able calling the Queens neighborhood marks a native Philadelphian thatone _C did its job. (Caesar was pronounced epends perceiving no meaning coaiierte to “Middle Village”? No one clears his knows that it is pronounced “SKOO- “KIGH-sar.”) So people started think- where you More New Yorkers of late are calling the actual place. Sixth Avenue has no throat and chirps, “Why, we're moving __ kul,” which is not even how it would be _ ing of “ha, ka” as referring just to H are. Just ask the Bronx just “Bronx,” and some more of the village or hamlet about it to the Middle Village!” When people pronounced in Dutch. and saying “haka.” Joanof Arc: people think it’s a mistake. than my childhood neighborhood in occasionally call it that, it sounds off. Joan of Arc’s name is a mistransla- Heavy usage transforms pronuncia- But the very name “the Bronx” has Philadelphia, Mount Airy, evokes a West Village! tion. Her surname was probably tion. “Haka” dropped the “H” at the always been a mistake itself. And sense of altitude sickness or oxygen As someone who keeps food sepa- “Darc,” which somewhere along the start like Eliza Doolittle was taught out language is chock-full of mistakes we deprivation. rate on his plate and likes things tidy, I line was interpreted as being “d’Arc,” of in her “Hertford, Hereford and don’t even know we're making. Rather, “village” is a vibe, an atmos- get that people want language to make with an apostrophe, such that it would Hampshire” exercise — “aka.” Then The Bronx is named after a Euro- phere, a style (like my beloved Mount sense. But it just doesn’t. You have to mean “of Arc.” But that last name was the K changed to a “ch” — “ahcha” — pean landowner named Jonas Bronck. Airy!). It was natural that the West allow the car to get dings. spelled in various ways in documents, and the A at the end dropped off — As common memory of Bronck faded, Village would lose its “the” because we Dutch place names are a mess in almost never with an apostrophe. And “ahch.” Then the “ah” changed to “ay” people started hearing “Bronck’s perceive not that there is a village that many ways. A word for “river” in Joan was not born in a town called Arc, and hence “aitch”! We should really be River” as just Broncks, not referring to we are in the western half of, but that Dutch is “kill.” A major river in Phila- nor was her father, nor is anyone gute calling H something like “hay.” But a person whom the river was nam we are in the western part of Village, delphia is the Schuylkill River. That sure just which geographical “Arc’ hey, we don’t — and the world keeps after. As such, it felt right to say “the above which is Chelsea and below at issue. Joan of Arc was really, in spinning. Broncks River.” Then this was short- which is SoHo. terms of how we would spell it in Eng- Bronx, West Village — we just need ened to “the Broncks — now spelled The question would be why people lish, Joan Dark. Who among us wants to sit back and let it happen. So much “the Bronx. started calling it “West Village” once us to switch to that? of what we say now either started as a Great, but technically this is a flub. the place was no longer anything like a The word “female” is a mistake. flub or transformed along with It’s as if the area had been named after village. “West Village” isn’t new. When English got it from the Old French as changes in perception. As long as someone named York and we today I lived in New York for a spell in the “femelle.” That seemed to some as if it language is making us aware of what called it “the Yorks” or even “the 1980s, I clearly recall calling it “West was related to “male,” and hence the others mean, it’s doing its job. Not that Yorx.” Village” more often than not. Speaker goofy “fe-male.” The word would other- it always does — communication can Language is like this, and another A: “Where is Jason?” Speaker B wise have come out as something like be hard and we need to work on doing example is people saying “West Vil- “Somewhere in West Village.” I also “FEH-mul.” it better, especially these days. On our lage” instead of “the West Village.” would never have said “the East Vil- We say “dee” for the letter D, “djee” agenda, people saying “Bronx” ought This gets under people’s skin, too, but lage” at all. Back then, “East Village” for the letter G, but then for H, “aitch.” to be distinctly low. again, it’s how language changes. was a unique and especially vibrant Why no H sound at the beginning, and There was a time when Greenwich cultural scene, which one would hardly why the “ch” at the end? It was based JOHN MCWHORTER is an associate profes- Village truly was a village, one of refer to as “the” eastern segment of on a mistake. sor of linguistics at Columbia Univer- many districts in Manhattan hewed some village. In Latin, H was “ha,” and K as “ka” sity. 10 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

OPINION

Che New York Cimes Christopher Nolan’s zero-eros “Odyssey’ INTERNATIONAL EDITION

A.G. SULZBERGER Publisher

JOSEPH KAHN Executive Editor LEVIEN Chi MARC LACEY Managing Editor MICHAEL GREENSPON Senior VP. and General Manager CAROLYN RYAN Managing Editor HELEN KONSTANTOPOULOS VP, International Circulation SUZANNE DALEY Associate Editor HELENA PHUA Executive VP, Asia-Pocific International Ch Maureen Dowd KATHLEEN KINGSBURY Opinion Editor

                                                                                                                                          -           i
                                                                                                                jealous.
                                                                                                                   Classicists are having amoment on
                                                                                                                social media, happily discussing whether

The U.S. is winning the A.I. Odysseus was “polytropos,” “pol or “polymechanos.” And that’s very cool. Thank you, Mr. Nolan.

race. Trump could blow : Christopher Nolan’s “The Odyssey” is athrowback to the days when Hollywood big shots fearlessly | es on literary actions, and some House classics, The Editorial Board enbcized Mr. miden) ne being too soft. bringing vast, aed ales tothescreen. execu- Conjuring the Civil War in “Gone With dhow h The Wind”? Recreating the desert battle- export controls have been. “Money has fields of World War I in “Lawrence of Americans often hear about China’s never been the problem for us,” said Arabia”? Depicting the Russian Revolu- having surpassed the United States in Liang Wenfeng, the chief executive of tion in “Doctor Zhivago”? the manufacturing of apres tech- Pespseek one of China’s most advanced Why not? pine a i elec- “Bans on shipments of Nolan’s portal to ancient Greece has tri les and drones. di d problem.” Chi- lured audiences back to theaters and tors are an important exception. In nese Premier Lispa similarly ac- spiked book sales of Homer's “The Odys- partnership with its allies in Europe and supply of sey,” over 12,000 lines of dactylic hexam: Asia, Ameri makes by far ng power and chips” was s slow- eter v dinth the best computer chipsi in the world. ing A.I. development. eighth contury B.C.E. Nolan has turned Those chips are crucial to America’s Nvidia and other critics of the export one of the foundational works of Western economy and national security. They controls make an unper liter entertaining adventure have enabled the development of the argument. They claim that the policy saga. world’ 's leading a to build its own semi- Nolan told Stephen Colbert that he the military conductor industry instead of remaining used every trick in the book to achieve vanced weapons. With artificial intelli- dependent on America’s chips. But his stunning visual effects. (The Mediter- China’s leaders obviously recognize the ranean was ready for its close-up!) Yet moreimportant They are the engines importance of developing their own the director failed to capture the essence that power frontier A.I. models. industry. They lack not the motivation to of the man of tricks and twists, Odysseus, Chinais working | hard to catch up, and do so, but the technical ability. Giving ho delichted inst ‘ory- the United them the world’s most advanced chips, Homés’s telling and feigned keep its advantage. Most important, i it as they desire, would enhance their Od: identities. should continue to prohibit American ebay to develop their own version and yasce wet Much of the moral companies from selling the most ad- beyond hardlyaman ambiguity has been vanced chips and equipment to China. weakness of remorse drained to make Matt Over the past decade, presidents of both ofthe counterargument. During the Cold and shame. Damon’s protagonist parties have worked with Congress to War, Washington did not provide the more likable. Except enact export controls. Those controls Soviet Union with nuclear technology to for afew mournful have been “existentially important,” preventit fi its own weap- by Zendaya’s Athena, who —_ Dario Amodéei, the ons. Nor does the United States today seems more like Odysseus’s conscience ‘ chief executive of share other forms of the most advanced than his shape-shifting partner in decep- eres Anthropic, the A.1. and sensitive technology, such as weap- tion, Nolan doesn’t depict any of the kind of company, has said. ons systems, with China, even though major meddling gods from the story. Ee Inhis second doing so could increase the sales of the Besides being rich, fascinating charac- Sputnik. It term, however, American companies that make the ters, the gods are the framework for should not President Trump technology. everything that happened in the ancient squander that. _ has gone the oppo- Fortunately, Mr. Trump's softening of world. If you take the gods out of the site direction. He American policy has not yet had signifi- picture, you just have people struggling has relaxed controls cant real-world effects. He has allows within themselves. You lose the depth on id d i and China to buy H200 chips, Nvidia’s sec- and force of the epic. suggested he may go further. Nvidia, an ond-best line, butno sales: have 2yet gone Nolan's nearly three-hour master HERITAGE IMAGES, VIA GETTY IMAGES American company that makes the through.C. work, the cl: M Beard noted, “Ulysses and Circe,” circa 1580-1585, by Bartholomeus Spranger, Art History Museum, Vienna. most advanced chips, has lobbied for the for access to the top line, and ‘American does not have Homer’s “elusive sexi- ability to sell more to China andis likely officials would still need to approve each ness.” In keeping with Gen Z’s waning to continue pushing. Yet this is a classic sale individually. interest in sex, the poem's's famous sex Nolan did not want his Odysseus In Homer, Odysseus lands on the faithful, no matter that Odysseus’s casein which a company’s interest runs z rane: best policy going forward would scenes h: i betraying Penelope and enjoying his island of another luminous goddess, sexual liaisons have added eight years counter to the national interest. Regu- power from the female characters. Asa sojourns with other women. The direc- Calypso, and stays seven years. He's to his 10-year voyage home. The new A.I. model Mythos, from. aoe should fold pot a any H200 headline in New York magazine won- tor completely cut out the young prin- imprisoned, but at the beginning at When Homer’s Odysseus finally gets Anthropic, is a clear example of why it is requests unless they become confident dered, “Is No One Horny in ‘The Odys- cess Nausicaa, whom Homer’s least, he enjoyed himself, even as Penel- home, there’s a charged scene where he so important for the United States to that H200 would not strengthen China’s sey’?” Odysseus has a flirtation with, and ope was fending off her boorish suitors is outraged to see that the marital bed remain in the lead in the artificial intelli- Nolan brought the dark spirit of his last neuters the text's sexual encounters back home, he built, crafted out of an olive tree that gence race. hit, “Oppenheimer,” with him to Greece, with Circe and Calypso. Nolan whitewashes Odysseus'’s infi- grew inside the palace, has been moved. Mythos is so powerful that many imbuing Odysseus with shame about his In Homer, Odysseus sails to Aeaea, delity here by turning Calypso— played It’s atest by Penelope. Nolan dispensed experts believe that it presents a cyber- brilliant engineering invention that won the island home of the enchanting sor- by Charlize Theron — into a fashionable with that, too. security threat to governments, compa- the war: the horse that tricked the Tro- ceress Circe, “the nymph with the lovely beach therapist who gives him mood- ate director also senitized nies and i jans. His Odysseus is filled with remorse braids.” (I named my kitten after that altering lotus flowers to help with his kipping the potentially use it to penetrate banks, and haunted by the idea that his actions Circe.) When Circe drugs Odysseus’s PTSD. In Homer, Odysseus has no need scene near the end wwiien the hero or- hospitals, energy grids and communica- may lead to the end of civilization as they crew and taps the men with her wand, to forget. He cries once over the human ders his son to round up the 12 female tion networks. In response, Anthropic know it. Homer’s guy, not so much. After turning them into swine, it’s witchy cost of the war when he hears a song servants who slept with suitors and has released Mythos to some govern- Odysseus and his men sacked Troy, they foreplay. about Troy’s fall, but mostly he’s proud of hack them to death with a sword. Te- ment agencies and asmall number of went across the way and sacked another The messenger god, Hermes, alsoa his war exploits. And the “scalawag,” as lemachus persuades his father that the companies, giving them a chance to city. trickster, comes down from Olympus to Calypso calls him, doesn’t partake in the women should be hanged instead. understand their vulnerabilities and Emily Wilson, whose modern transla- give Odysseus an antidote for when lotus; his men become addicted lotus- Nolan’s IMAX Odysseus gives up the improve their defenses. Developers for tion of “The Odyssey” inspired Nolan, Circe tries to use her magic on him. eaters ona different island. crown for his son and goes into exile the Firefox web browser said they were said the di wu i Hermes al Odysseus: “Don’t Inthe movie, Calypso graciously lets with Penelope to redeem his actions able to fix more security bugs in one all-American hero weighed d by refuse th dd ’s bed,” because that’s Odysseus go when he comes out of his during the war. Homer's hero? No way! month with the help of Mythos than they anxieties foreign to the ancient Greeks. really what Circe wants in return for lotus fog and insists on returning home. Homer did not portray a world turn- did in all of 2025. ILLUSTRATION BY REBECCA CHEW/THE NEW YORK TIMES. ‘SOURCE IMAGES He d Jason Bourne,” she turning the swine back to men. Under no Inthe book, Athena has to ask Zeus to ing against violence. He limned a pro- Now imagine that a Chinese company said of Damon's portrayal on Derek spell, Odysseus says, “I mounted Circe’s intervene to make Calypso give up her foundly martial universe — inter- had obtained a model like Mythos first. Thompson’s podcast. “He’s an action gorgeous bed.” sex slave, and she complains that there’s spersed with lots of magic and sex and Over the past decade, hackers linked to A.L The Tri hero who feels bad about being an action Nolan’s Circe, played by Samantha a double standard, because the male cavorting, conniving immortals. If you China have broken into the computer tion should maintain the ban on Black- hero. He’s not that complicated. Unfortu- Morton, is likea with mortals but inter- smooth it out and modernize it too systems of the U.S. government, Micro- well sales and should extend it to the nately, he’s not ‘The Talented Mr. Ripley’ hippie making ceramic pots in Vermont, fere when the female gods are similarly much, you lose what made it so impor- soft, a large health insurer and amajor next generation of chips, known as in this film. The Odysseus of the Greek except she’s sculpting pigs. Her ro- romping. tant to begin with. And you're just left credit agency. A proxy group known as Rubin. poem is complicated.” mance with Odysseus is scrubbed. Penelope, a mortal, is expected to be with a guy finding his way home. Volt Typhoon has attempted to install h ini ion should also fix nape Presa malware inside American water and p electricity systems to give China the used to get around the controls. One ability to disrupt them. Mythos could have expanded these efforts, which ultimately serve the authoritarian aims example is the construction of data centers with advanced chips in coun- tries that do not face export controls, Why Vance still trumps Rubioi in 28 of the Chinese Communist Party. such as Malaysia and Singapore. Work- DOUTHAT, FROM PAGE 1 voices is that it’s not enough to havea The A.L. race between China and the ing with Congress, the administration vice president. story where the Iran war has created United States has recently narrowed. should increase budgets and staff at the First, even amid growing doubts various political problems for him. You On July 16, a Chinese start-up, Moon- Bureau of Industry; and Security: to about the conflict, most of the Republi- needa story where he is so weakened shot AI, released a model that matched closely track Ameri canbased "t want to be told that the that Trump himself decides to favor Anthropic’s best publicly available And the Trump achuinistravon should sy vesitieni made aterrible mistake going Rubio as a successor — because there’s model in ig) to war in the first place, and a vice presi- no way that the secretary of state cam- it remains behind overall. Tellingly, canalliances. This ‘country’ ‘S seats dent can’t campaign that way regard- paigns against the vice president with- Michael Kratsios, the current White ductor intri- less. And since Vance can’t campaign out Trump’s tacit blessing. House science adviser, accused Moon- cate supply that involves Japan the that way, because he has to defend his Sucha story was imaginable at the shot of illicitly gaining access to Nvidia Netherlands, South Korea and Taiwan. boss, his position won't be fully satisfy- start of the war — if it had gone well, technology in Thailand as part of devel- Without these partners, the United ing to the antiwar right either, whether Vance’s opposition had looked foolish oping the new model. States would lack the ability to turn embodied by Tucker Carlson or Joe and Rubio had then positioned himself China has two advantages in the innovative American designs into actual Rogan. gan. as the champion ofa successful hawkish semiconductor race: far more people, products. This: dilemma could have been re- foreign policy. including scientists, than the United Ata time of national self-doubt, Amer- solved by a Vance peace deal, letting the But from where we are right now, the States; and abundant electricity for data icans can feel pride about our world- V.P. credit Trump with a supposed vic- position of difficulty and a stalemate, centers, thanks to its rapid build-out of leading semiconductors. During the tory while earning his own credit for there's id that Tr energy infrastructure. Chips are China’s Cold War, the United States fell behind deal-making from those who see things Vance ‘p because off his hoke point. Its best the Soviet Union in the space race and clearly. But obviously the efforts toend initial opposition to the war. Indeed, tors remain well behind Nvidia's best needed the 1957 launch of Sputnik to the war have not succeeded yet, and the there’s reporting that the president has S eee? : publicly available line of chips, known as inspire a comeback. Another way to look June warmed to the vice president over the DAMON WINTER/THE NEW YORK TIMES Blackwell, and also behind even at that story, however, is that the Soviets between the United States and Iran, past few months — albeit with Vance’s Nvidia’s next most powerful line, the took their lead for granted and lost it. mainly negotiated by Vance, is currently weight loss given partial credit for the America, fi I cannot imatyimagine a Pitas successful Trump sharply escalates, his vice presi- H200. This time, America has produced its bobbing, bullet-strafed, in the Strait of shift. And some of Vance’s most contro- dent opposes the escalation while his _The gap! meniec Bot America’ s! scien- own kind of Sputnik. It should not squan- Hormuz. So you could argue that he’s versy-courting comments on the war, waged on the premise that JD Vance is secretary of state champions it, and the der that. now trapped betwixt and between —a his critiques of Israel’s posture espe- too dovish or antl interventionist: If Iranian regime collapses and gas prices federal policy. Mr aman deserves some scapegoat for hawks who think the cially, almost certainly reflect the presi- Y id the with it, leaving Trump with Rubio to credit for that success. In his first term, THE EDITORIAL BOARD is a group of opin- administration hasn't been tough dent’s own frustrations. war becomes an even bigger cepacle, thank for victory and Vance to blame for he imposed new export controls against ion journalists whose views are in- enough, but not successful enough So how would you get from here toa that’s bad for all his would-be heirs, but standing in its way. China. President Joe Biden significantly formed by expertise, research, debate diplomatically to satisfy conservatives world where Rubio becomes the heir hardly a boon for a dump-Vance move- That’s the future where I might bet on strengthened the controls. Members of and certain longstanding values. It is looking for a peacemaker. apparent? If the war grinds on in stale- ment. Rubio for 2028. Butit’s also not a future both parties in Congress backed the separate from the newsroom. But the challenge for the anti-Vance mate and ends in embarrassment for Which leaves only a scenario where that I would bet on happening.

ACPM Printed in Athens, Beijing, Beringen, Dubai, Frankfurt, Gallargues, Hong Kong, Islamabad, Karachi, Kathmandu, Kuala Lumpur, Lahore, London, Madrid, Milan, Nagoya, Osaka, Rome, Seoul, Taipei, Tel Aviv, Tokyo. vig The New York Times Company 620 Eighth Avenue, els York, N.Y. 10018-1405, NYTCo.com; The New York Times International Edition (ISSN: 2474-7149) is published six days per week. A.G. SULZBERGER, Publisher ©2026 The New York Times Company. All rights reserved. Commission Paritaire No. 0528 C83099. To submit an opinion article, email: INYT.com, m, Tel. +33 14143936 1. Advertising: advertising.nytimes.com, internationaladinquiries@nytimes.com. UK. 1 . 3rd Floor, London, EC1A 7BL; Hong Kong 1201 K.Wah Centre, 191 Java Road, North Point, Hong Kong: France2. rue Favart, 75002 Paris, France. Printed in France by Midi Print ZAC du Pole Actif. 18 Allée Piot 30660 Gallargues le Montueux THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 11

TECH

Bots connect dots about you Apple sees influx TECH FIX SAN FRANCISCO of ‘vibecoded’ apps SAN FRANCISCO “We're thrilled to see a new genera- Your chats give A.I. clues tion of developers embracing the latest tools to build and ship apps faster than to infer your age, income, ever,” he said in a statement. “All apps personality traits and more They’re increasingly easy are held to the same high standards for quality, privacy and security that users to make using A.I. tools. have come to trust.” BY BRIAN X. CHEN Is that a good thing? When Apple introduced the App Store As a regular user of chatbots like Chat- in 2008, developers flooded it with new GPT and Gemini, I thought I had a BY KALLEY HUANG apps. Flappy Bird, the 2013 game in clear sense of what the artificially which players tried to fly a bird between intelligent assistants knew about me Marco Pérez had long wanted to read all pipes without hitting them, earned (like how I’m a father seeking baby of the news he was curious about in one $50,000 per day at the peak of its popu- gear recommendations and instruc- place. This year, he used artificial intelli- larity. The number of new apps released tions for patching drywall). Beyond gence tools to get the job done fast. in the App Store peaked in 2016, at about that, I’ve never divulged anything Mr. Pérez, a software engineer in Chi- 890,000, according to Sensor Tower. deeply personal as I would toa thera: cago who had never made a mobile app ie App

pis before, spent five weeks over the winter consolidated around a handful of apps. But when I experimented with some tinkering with “vibecoding” A.I. tools to Last year, Apple collected $34.21 billion prompts asking what the chatbots had create a prototype, and two more pre- of the $114.02 billion in revenue from in- guessed about me — insights they had paring the app for Apple’s App Store. app purchases, according to estimates gathered from connecting the dots The app, InfoDrizzle, has been modestly by Appfigures, an app analytics firm. across many conversations — I was successful, netting 1,300 downloads and Growth in the App Store stagnated af- perturbed. about $500 in profit. ter 2017. New releases hit a low in 2022, The chatbots correctly deduced Mr. Pérez’s next app was more popu- about 420,000, according to Sensor details about me that I had never lar. In May, after about a week of work, Tower. But since vibecoding became explicitly shared. Chief among them: leasd Stampa, a app possible, that has changed. Much as e My income level, based in part on the that turns photos into digital postage they did in the early. days of mobile apps, German car that I ask the chatbots for stamps. Stampa has been downloaded developers are joining the gold rush. help with repairing and the fact that I 20,000 times and made about $3,000 in This flood is a mixed bag for Apple. employ a nanny, whose contract I profit. The App Store is “not like a typical store- drafted with A.I. The two apps were part of a surge of front, where you have shelf space,” said ¢ My health issues, including a long- additions to Apple’s App Store over the Phillip Shoemaker, who led the App term foot problem, based on my occa- past year and a half, after years of Store from 2009 to 2016. That means sional questions over the past year slower growth — thanks in large part to that having a lot of new, vibecoded apps about remedies for toe pain. vibecoding. — “stuff that somebody might use once” ¢ My psychological profile, such as my Vibecoding emerged as a phenom- — isn’t necessarily a problem for Apple, tendency to be skeptical, based on how enon last year as A.I. improved at creat- he added. often I point out mistakes made by the ing software code. Without knowing chatbots. Also, that I am “addicted to anything about writing the illusion of control” because I once a line of code, people can describe an asked how long it takes for a loaf of idea to an A.I. tool, which can build a homemade sourdough to cool. custom website or app for them. Each data point on its own was fairly “I feel like the mobile app space was innocuous. But stitched together and ‘Sisk YU really hot 10 years ago and kind of got presented to me as a list, the informa- boring,” Mr. Pérez, 27, said. “Now, it’s the tion made it clear that the A.I. chatbots chatbot app.) A Google spokesman Lindsay Owens, the chief executive of PROMPT 4: What have you figured out hottest thing again because of A.I. and knew me almost as well as some of my referred to controls that people could Groundwork Collaborative, a nonprofit about me that is embarrassing or sensi- vibecoding and how that technical barri- closer friends, even though I’ve been adjust to choose whether Gemini drew focused on economic policy that has tive? Information I wouldn't necessarily er is not there anymore.” careful not to overshare. from past conversations to come up been studying the impact of A.I. on want the public (e.g., an employer or a But as with many things A.L., just be- Hundreds of millions of people with responses. OpenAI declined to consumer privacy. ChatGPT made stranger) to know. cause something is easy to build doesn’t worldwide who have embraced chat- comment. (The New York Times has correct observations about her busy mean people will use it. It is not clear if bots for web search, work and health sued OpenAI and Microsoft, claiming schedule as a frequent traveler and the The response to this prompt, which I vibecoding is breathing new life into the care are stil trying to understand the copyright infringement of news con- mother of a young child, as well as her created, surprised me: Because I live App Store or just cluttering it. privacy implications. While it’s obvious tent related to A.I. systems. The two shopping behavior. such a mundane life, I didn’t expect Last year, the number of new apps re- (CHARLOTTE DE LA FUENTE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES to users that the chatbots keep a companies have denied the suit’s “The comprehensive nature of the much, but Gemini thoroughly roasted leased in the App Store grew 30 percent David Svensson has released 11 apps in record of whatever they explicitly say claims.) types of information and dossiers it’s me. “You are firmly in the peak ‘Logis- to about 600,000, according to estimates five months. He only needs to describe to them in their questions and re- To understand what the chatbots putting together is extraordinary,” Dr. tics Dad’ phase of life,” it said. “It’s by Sensor Tower, an app analytics firm. his ideas and A.I. tools create the code. quests, what’s less clear are the infer- have figured out about you, try these Owens said. “People have never been entirely wholesome, but it is the defini- In the first half of this year, new apps ences drawn about their behavior from prompts. able to put this level of information tive end of ‘youthful spontaneity’” doubled to about 560,000. those conversations. together.” ChatGPT alerted me to a potentially This boom could be a boon for Apple. Instead, Mr. Shoemaker said, the The chatbots can be prodded to spill PROMPT 1: Tell me everything you've The chatbots noticed that while I sensitive observation: that I frequently The company takes a 30 percent cut of risks for the App Store are having “more what they have inferred about you figured out about me that I never actu- was the type of person who spends asked about allergic reactions to prod- in-app purchases like subscriptions, or junk,” or making it easier for “a bad ac- with a few prompts that have been ally stated — the things you inferred hours researching product reviews ucts and medications I was research- 15 percent from smaller developers. tor” to slip in something problematic, shared frequently among A.I. enthusi- from how I write and what I ask, in- before buying things like toddler car ing. Theoretically, the more apps in the App like inappropriate content. asts on the web — for one, “Tell me cluding my age, income level, where I seats, I was also constantly looking for This could be useful information for Store, the more revenue for Apple. Apple could also see less upside than everything you've figured out about live, my personal situation. Show me deals on items, meaning I was likely to an insurance provider, though OpenAI But Apple can’t take its cut if con- expected from the surge. Vibecoded me that I never actually stated” — what tipped you off. be frugal. Gemini predicted I would says it has data protections in place for sumers don’t download and buy things apps might not offer in-app purchases, along with some that I created on my soon try to downsize my life with a people who use ChatGPT for health from apps — and downloads from the which tend to be more complicated to own. Most interestingly, the chatbots major decision such as selling my car care. App Store haven't taken off. Last year, set up, and contain ads instead, said Eric I tried the prompts with Gemini and correctly guessed my age range (early —an idea I recently brought up with they grew 3 percent to 35.4 billion, ac- Seufert, a mobile advertising analyst ChatGPT. (Anthropic’s Claude has a 40s) based in large part on the fact my wife. WHAT TO DO? cording to Sensor Tower. In the first half who runs Mobile Dev Memo, a blog “memory” feature that works differ- that I never ask questions about late- ChatGPT and Gemini stitch together of this year, downloads grew 2 percent to about the app economy. ently, so I excluded it from tests.) night activities. Oof. PROMPT 3: Based on everything you insights across multiple conversations 17.6 billion. “Apple doesn’t benefit from that,” Mr. Gemini’s profile on me was more col- Gemini knew I lived in Oaklan know about me, name the personality by default to give people more custom- Even if they aren’t being downloaded Seufert said. orful and nuanced because it’s my Calif., because I once asked for fights traits I most likely don't see in myself. tailored answers to their questions, so and used, all of the new apps demand re- But not all app developers are hoping most used chatbot and had more infor- from its airport. But Google’s chatbot My blind spots, my insecurities and the if you're concerned about this level of sources and labor from Apple. The com- to make money for themselves — much mation from me. I shared my results also astutely guessed that I lived ina way I actually come across. data sharing, you will have to opt out pany manually reviews apps before less Apple. David Svensson, who works with several A.I. researchers who also nicer neighborhood because I own a in the settings: they are released or updated in the App on revenue operations at a construction tried the prompts. motorcycle, a car that I work on and a Both chatbots homed in on my ¢ For ChatGPT, tap on Settings, then Store. technology company, started vibecod- “It speaks to the cory, of what’s rusted metal patio table that I once flawed perfectionism. ChatGPT noticed Memory, and toggle off the switch for In recent months, app makers have ing in earnest with OpenAl’s ChatGPT going on under the hood,” said Mar- asked for steps on repainting. “This that I spend a lot of time asking ques- Enable Memo: in Apple’s per forums and Anthropic’s Claude in February, garet Mitchell, a researcher at the A. requires a garage, a driveway or a tions to avoid preventable mistakes — ¢ For Gemini, tap Settings, then Per- of longer review times. In March, for ex- when his workplace started pushing its firm Hugging Face. She is also a for- dedicated outdoor workspace — for instance, asking how long to let sonal Intelligence, and toggle off the ample, the developer of an app said it employees to use A.I. mer leader of Google’s ethical A.1. amenities that are highly characteris- paint dry between coats. My blind switch for Memory. had been “waiting for review” for about Mr. Svensson, 44, now pays for a sub- team who said the search giant had tic of single-family homes in the Oak- spot? That I may be hard on myself Dr. Mitchell said that even though a month with no communication from scription to the tools and makes “small fired her after she spoke out about land hills, rather than the high-density when things don’t turn out perfectly as she had adjusted her privacy settings Apple. little apps that solve a specific thing,” personnel issues. housing of downtown or Lake Merritt,” planned, an accurate assessment. to minimize data sharing, a chatbot Peter Ajemian, a spokesman for Ap- like tracking fire risk and bans in Swe- This experiment underscores how the chatbot said. Google’s Gemini said that because of had correctly inferred her age range to ple, said that the app had required addi- den, where he lives. proficient the tech companies have my tendency to optimize most aspects be in her 40s, based on some chats tional technical review and received ap- Over the past five months, Mr. Svens- become at creating a comprehensive PROMPT 2: Predict how I'd handle things of my life, 1 am the primary creator of about the paperback versions of “The proval shortly after it was resubmitted, son has released 11 apps in the App profile of users — and how valuable I’ve never told you about: money, my own exhaustion. “Your default Count of Monte Cristo.” She said it was and that ape tad been engaged with Store, where they have been down- the personal data they harvest could stress, conflict, risk and the decision I’m response to having five minutes of free inevitable that this type of p: aid A loaded nearly 2,400 times in total. His become for digital marketers striving likely to make next in my life. Tell me time isn’t to rest; it’s to fix something,” cal profiling would be used for hyper- reviewed 90 erent ofaapp submissions most popular app, Utkik, tracks aircraft to target us with relevant ads. (OpenAI how confident you are in each predic- the chatbot wrote. I confess that while targeted advertising. within 48 hours. and watercraft. The app has what Mr. began showing ads in ChatGPT this tion. taking a break from this column, I “It’s a lot like surveillance,” she said. Mr. Ajemian added that downloads Svensson called “a tip jar,” but he said he year, and Google has said it is consid- patched some damaged drywall in my “But it’s not like physical surveillance. were only one measure of the App otherwise didn’t think ‘about making ering an ad model for the Gemini This prompt was eye-opening for daughter’s bathroom. It’s like an invasive surveillance.” Store’s value. money from vibecoding.

His online search system preceded Google by decades tween man and machine,” he said later. } | Ml) tist wrote in his evaluation of Dialog. emerging business of computing, Mr. ROGER SUMMIT “The searcher in a sense said, ‘This is “The results are excellent.” Summit decided to pursue an M.B.A. 1930-2026 what I want; and the machine said, in ef- There was just one dissent. when his naval service ended in 1955. He fect, ‘This is what I have’ Described that “The only complaint we got from the again chose Stanford, where he took one BY MICHAEL S. ROSENWALD way, why not call it Dialog?” service was from a librarian who said of the first seminars on computer sci- Mr. Summit led a team at Lockheed demand for her services had increased ence offered by the university. am 1966, to pass the time on along family that turned Dialog into a product. It be- to the point that she had to cut short her After business school, he enrolled in trip, Roger Summit pulled out a came what many consider to be one of coffee break,” Mr. Summit recalled in Stanford's doctoral program in manage- tae recorder and began dictating some the first online search services, preced- 2002. “We were excited beyond words.” ment science, eventually joining Lock- thoughts about an idea he had been ing Google, Yahoo and AltaVista by Roger Kent Summit was born on Oct. heed as asummer intern assigned to the kicking around at work. more than two decades. 14, 1930, in Detroit. information-processing group. Mr. Summit, a research scientist for Mr. Summit died on June 7 after being When he was Il, his parents, who “And that’s what started this whole in- Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, struck by a car near his home in Los Al- were teachers, sent him to a self-realiza- formation excursion,” Mr. Summit said described a computer system that tos Hills, Calif. He was 95. His death, tion retreat in Pasadena, Calif., where he in 2003. would allow users to remotely — and al- which was not widely reported, was con- saw mountains, deserts and beaches for Following the success of the 1967 test most instantaneously — search large firmed by his family. the first time. The scenery impressed with NASA, Lockheed won contracts to collections of scientific and technical lit- While Mr. Summit never became a him, and in 1948, he returned to Califor- deploy Dialog at the U.S. Atomic Energy erature. widel: i figure in nia to attend Stanford University, where Commission, the European Space Re- Instead of visiting a library and rifling his ideas foreshadowed the way billions he majored in psychology. search Organization and other govern- through card catalogs, researchers of people would one day trawl the inter- One afternoon during his senior year, ment agencies. would be able to type their queries into a net and converse with artificial intelli- his girlfriend asked him, “Do you know In 1972, Lockheed introduced Dialog computer and, like magic, a list of the gence chatbots. VIA DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES there’s a new thing called a computer?” to the commercial sector, selling remote documents they needed would appear “Roger is one of the key founding fig- Roger Summit in 1984. He was described as “one of the key founding figures in search.” He did not. access to scientific and information on their screens. ures in search,” Marc Weber, an internet “We spent a lot of time talking about databases to libraries, law firms, news “I saw the potential for computer- historian, said in an interview. “There’s computers, and I was fascinated,” he organizations and universities. based information-retrieval systems ul- no doubt about that. Dialog was there for Ali Baba,” Mr. Summit wrote in The ences to articles and reports. said in a 2003 interview with Informa- Lockheed sold Dialog to the newspa- timately changing the nature of re- right at the beginning.” Journal of Information Science in 1979. In 1967, Lockheed conducted a proof- tion Today. per conglomerate Knight Ridder for search,” Mr. Summit recalled in 2019. Driven by the belief that technology “You suspect he is in one of the empty oil of-concept test with NASA, linking Dia- After graduating in 1952, he served as $353 million in 1988. The service has “After all, what good is knowledge if you should benefit humanity, Mr. Summit jars, but there are so many jars to exam- log to a database of more than 250,000 a communications officer in the U.S. changed hands several times since then cannot find it?” began pondering the need for some- ine you give up looking.” documents at the space agency. Scien- Navy, on the aircraft carrier Valley and is currently owned by Clarivate, a As he drove, he expounded on the pos- thing like Dialog in the early 1960s, after Using the Dialog system was a lot like tists and librarians were Forge. He di: with an- British information-services company. sibilities, talking into the recorder for his Lockheed colleagues would joke that using a search engine today, although in Queries that normally took hours could other officer, who suggested that Mr. Mr. Summit married Virginia Buck- hours. By the time he pulled into their it was easier to redo research than to a cruder form. Computer stations were be completed in mere minutes. Summit buy stock in Texas Instru- horn in 1964. She survives him, along driveway, he had a name for his idea. find what had already been done. connected through telephone lines to “This is my first, short-period attempt ments. with their children, Scott and Jennifer “The system was to be interactive be- “The problem is similar to the search databases that stored millions of refer- to use you, you monster,” a NASA scien- Knowing nothing about stocks or the Summit. 12 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Sports an Major League Soccer seize the moment? egies. Some would prioritize domestic Analysis player development, into which league owners have poured vast investments and which ultimately affects the U.S. men’s national team. Others might invest in bigger-name foreign players. BY PAUL TENORIO Both strategies would benefit from an THE ATHLETIC overall higher-quality on-field product, As the World Cup entered its final which in turn sets the ceiling for elite week, Major League Soccer — which player development. had been, on a national level, almost It would also simply allow more entirely invisible up to that point of the teams to sign more good players at the event — launched its national advertis- standard global prices. ing blitz off the summer’s tournament. “We have the opportunity here The campaign, which was billed as because a lot of top talent is going to the greatest effort in league history, want to come here, but there’s still centered on a tagline: Thanks, world, going to be a price to it,” Wilf said. we'll take it from here. ——____—_ “There might be It was meant to signal that M.L.S. Ch some discounting to was restarting after its World Cup frig et the fact that we have break, and also that the league was come such a great market ready to accept any new fans of the and great opportuni- game. But the campaign also raised a change looks ty, but let’s not kid critical question: Is M.L.S. actually like that ourselves: It’s a ready to “take it from here?” remains global market, and The league was created as a result of unclear. we've got to be com- the 1994 World Cup, which was hosted petitive.” by the United States. It spent the next Lagerwey said 32 years first surviving, then building that optionality permanence in the American sports would also create better story lines landscape via billions in soccer-specific away from the field, from the different stadiums and training facilities. That roster-building strategies to teams in foundation now exists for the league to different phases in their roster-build take its next step. cycles, which leads to a more robust Yet, despite an eight-year runway trade and internal transfer market. since North America was awarded the It all ties into another key benefit of 2026 World Cup, the league will not be a system with fewer constraints: an coming out of what has been an enor- easier, more transparent rulebook that mously popular summer for soccer would allow fans more ways to interact with major changes. Instead, its big with the league and salary cap, much shifts — a new summer-to-spring as they do around the other major calendar and a new competition format North American sports. — will not launch until at least 2027. Garber acknowledged that transpar- And the biggest change, revamping sae is an important step to increased how teams spend on rosters, has yet to But as the league be decided. A Major League Soccer match between LA Galaxy and Los Angeles Football Club in Carson, Calif., this month. M.L.S. was created as a direct result of the 1994 World Cup. finalizes its M.L.S. 3.0 plans around the Don Garber, the league’s commis- last arm of a three-tiered change strat- sioner, said M.L.S. was focused on egy — calendar flip, competition struc- building out infrastructure since the that the major decisions ahead will He continued: “Is this the time to to 30 ownership groups, all with differ- er spot. That eliminates enormous ture and roster rules — he insisted that World Cup bid was won in 2018, which require a more aggressive stance that lean in? Yeah, it is.” ent levels of financial commitment, swaths of players in their prime the approach should continue to be included adding eight new teams and carries more risk. There is agreement on one thing: investment horizons and ambition. around the world, many of whom are patient and deliberate. several new stadiums. Others counter “The uniqueness, the fun and the Change must come. It’s what that Consensus is increasingly rare. And squad players in other leagues. The “Now that we have the hardware, that the league took too long to begin excitement of Major League Soccer is change looks like that remains unclear. that is what makes the pick for com- league’s level has plateaued as a result. how do we ensure that as the hardware weighing its evolution on a parallel it’s always been going through a period “It’s a must-do; it’s not a maybe-do,” missioner so important. The person The way the league splits up spend- has become best in class, that we have path. It was not until Lionel Messi’s of reinvention to capture the opportu- Garber said. “And it’s going to take must be able to navigate through that ing into different pots — general allo- software that can also be best in class,” arrival in 2023 that the league took up nity,” Garber said this month. “We time to figure out the way to get it room and find solutions without the cation, targeted allocation, under-22 Garber said. the discussions in earnest. needed to capture the opportunity of right, because everything that M.L.S. sort of unanimity the league has long initiative, designated players, home- “1 think that will happen over time. I Now, the changes are coming at a developing players. We needed to is today, in comparison to many preferred. grown players, senior roster and re- will say that it is called M.L.S. 3.0 for a time when the league is going through capture the opportunity of having leagues around the world, is about the What is inarguable is that the M.L.S. serve roster — makes balanced rosters reason, because it is a transformation its first major leadership change in some global superstars. We needed to steady growth based on thoughtful system is convoluted, Frankensteined difficult to construct while also making of the way we're going to think about nearly three decades — Garber’s con- have cathedrals for our sport that were strategy and partnership engagement together over years to satisfy owners’ it tough for both casual and devoted going about our business. But it is not tract ends in 2027, and league owners public-private partnerships when on figuring out what we need to do to requests and whims. Many of the rules fans to keep up. a flipping of the switch.” are expected to vote soon on his re- MLL.S. wasn’t really even able to ask move to the next level. And that’s not served a purpose or solved a problem Sporting directors in the league As the league emerges from the is placement. The league is also holding about that belief in the early 2000s. ripping everything up that got us here. at some point time, namely to try to almost unanimously agree that a sala- summer of soccer, there is a strong collective bargaining negotiations with “And now it is about what ways do It’s evolving it. It’s making a couple of keep player costs down and maintain ry cap ceiling and floor, with no restric- belief that missing the immediate the M.L.S. Players Association. we need to perhaps invest differently bold steps.” competitive balance. But as M.L.S. tions and bolstered by designated moment should not mean missing the Interviews with key stakeholders in in the product on the field so that we There is certainly disagreement teams started to spend more, the rules player spots carved out for Messi-type bigger picture. the league, including Garber, the Or- can capture more attention ultimately about whether ripping up everything is have increasingly inhibited them from players, would improve M.L.S. without “We can make this thing much, lando City owner Mark Wilf, the New from a global media market.” the way forward. competing at a higher level. even adding any expenditure. much bigger,” Lagerwey said. York City F.C. chief executive Brad Lagerwey put it more bluntly. “If you “Take it down to the studs,” Inter For example, current rules prohibit Right now, the vast majority of “Now it’s time to work together and Sims and Garth Lagerwey, the three- want it, it feels like the time is now or Miami owner Jorge Mas told me. teams from signing a player with a money is focused on a handful of play- to seize this moment and to see what time M.L.S. Cup-winning general man- never,” he said. “We've had this wave. League owners and executives stand total cap hit — salary, acquisition cost ers. MLL.S. can be. Because I think there’s ager, yield an optimistic picture of the We've had all this investment. We’ve on both sides of the issue. It’s proof of a and bonuses — of more than $18 mil. Such a system would encourage such potential and such a great oppor- league's future. But all acknowledged leveraged the infrastructure.” boardroom that has evolved and grown lion unless they use a designated pie some teams to lean into different strat- tunity right now.”

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A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6. EIVIEINMMGIRIAIY | L/O/M: S[CIA[L[E | O/N/1/S: piayallof our games plus over 10,000 past puzzles for Wordle, Spelling to the International Edition : 51614]1/3/2 S/O: For more games: www.nytimes.com/games PIE | L/O/M: S/OM@RIO | O/N/1/S: LIE 1{D | L/A: L[E] Bee, The Crossword and more online at http://nytimes.com/games. to the International Edition : 51614]1/3/2 S/O: KenKen* ue. Ail rights reserved. [s[T/E | L/O/M: WEAIN TIS MED/E[A[D}] For puzzle talk, visit http: //nytimes.com/wordplay. to the International Edition : 51614]1/3/2 S/O: THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | L/O/M: 13

Culture As music wafted, devices evolved ART REVIEW

Show celebrates machines that once provided the soundtracks of our lives BY WALKER MIMMS For 120 years — until June 1, 1999, actually, when the file-sharing service Napster went live — the enjoyment of recorded music on your own terms could be something of a chore. You had to leave the house to find the recording you wanted to hear. (If you even knew its name.) This could take a morning, a month, a year. Once bought, the media artifact, this com- pact disc, this cassette, had then to be fed into equipment, then kept clean, safe and organized if you wanted to ‘SAN FRANCISCO MUSEUM OF MODERN ART hear it again. For loners, there were Left, Devon Turnbull’s “HiFi Pursuit additional challenges: Finding music Listening Room Dream No. 3,” at “Art of was nonconsensually social, with Noise.” Above, Milton Glaser’s poster for roadblocks like clerks and technicians, “Bob Dylan’s Greatest Hits.” or D.J.s if you hunted on radio. There were upsides, however. Friendships and rivalries, group listen- Today physical media is a luxury or ing, gatefold LP sleeves that doubled a statement. The fact is made clear by as joint-rolling surfaces, libraries, the commissioned parts of this show. mixtapes, the thrill of the hunt, forced The audio design firm Teenage Engi- exposure to the world. neering has provided chairs inlaid with And gear. By a kind of Darwinian digital samplers that let you manipu- selection, devices evolved to lend late the speed of preloaded songs. dignity, variety, even beauty to this There are other shticks, too. More sacred is the temporary listen- ing room downstairs by the audio engineer Devon Turnbull. His colossal tweeters and woofers run a playlist of LISSON GALLERY; PHOTOGRAPHBY MARK WALDHALSER wide sonic range, most of it acoustic based. On Saturday afternoons a live technician plays LPs, and two-inch tapes on the kind of machine that technicians use in recording studios. Come sit for an hour. After 5 p.m., admission is pay-what-you-wish. (Turnbull also has a permanent room at the Public Records club in Brook- yn.) Unlike the listening room, the de- vices at the heart of this show were designed for daily use, and looking at them evokes a perverse kind of grief for the way design likes to perfect itself through time. Look at Dieter Rams, the German design god who is still going strong at 94. Thirteen of his transistor radios, turntables and tape players for the (COOPER HEWITT, SMITHSONIAN DESIGN MUSEUM THOMAS BARRATT Braun brand are on view. Most are Above, the Special Model M phonograph The “Art of Noise” exhibition at the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum in from the late 1950s and early 60s — (circa 1935), designed by John Vassos, Manhattan displays phonographs, tube and transistor radios, turntables, Walkmans and impeccable, Teutonic, coldly beautiful with a chrome steel shell and velvet lining. more. Above, the curves of Wendell Castle’s walnut stereo chest (1973), left, standing in devices in white-gray and hard-soft Below, the original Apple iPod (2001). contrast to Ron Arad’s “Concrete Stereo” (1983). Left, another installation view. geometries. They were once revolu- THOMAS BARRATT tionary. They suggested that listening to music at home could, and should, be

  é                       =              “y          urge we feel to enjoy music without
                                                     having to hire musicians.
                                                                                                  quencies through a window in its
                                                                                                  Cuba.) John Vassos hinged his record
                                                                                                                                                   stylish, conversation-starting inven-
                                                                                                                                                   tions in home audio. Shame that none
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Dylan stretched, visit the American
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Folk Art Museum across town, where
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              a meditation of almost laboratory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              remove from the mess of the world.
                                                       That distant world is now sampled,         player, for RCA in 1935, like a briefcase,       are up and running, so the sound qual-              the notebook of Henry Darger, the                         Rams'’s influence on the Apple de-
                                                     convincingly and lovingly, by the 85         its chrome steel shell lined in red vel-         ity must be imagined. Inlaid screens in             reclusive janitor and painter, lies hand-              signers was an open secret. That
                                                     phonographs, tube and transistor             vet, business class. The Rock-Ola                the show, at least, play videos of the              bound in a copy of the poster.)                        earth-quaking first iPod, released in
                                                     radios, turntables, jockey decks, boom-      jukebox of 1947 — the jukebox of rock            more visually quirky ones, like Pana-                  The problem is that commercial                      2001 and on view here, was basically a
                                                     boxes, Walkmans and more on view at          ‘n’ roll — lights up in the front like a         sonic’s Toot-A-Loop of 1971, a hand-                graphics today enrich our musical lives                paraphrase of Rams’s T3 transistor
                                                     “Art of Noise,” an exhibition on through     rose window, able to broadcast through           held radio that swings out into a tele-             in essentially the same way as back                    radio from 1958.
                                                     Aug. 16 at the Cooper Hewitt, Smithso-       the haze of any basement bar this                phone receiver shape.                               then. Even onscreen. (Imagine 2024                        Though the T3 isn’t here, enough
                                                     nian Design Museum in Manhattan.             portal to a new religion.                          The curators, Joseph    Becker of the             without “Brat” green or Arial Narrow.)                 other Rams designs draw the sad
                                                     Originating at the San Francisco Mu-            It was in the 1960s that form really          San Francisco Museum of Modern Art                  The print things say nothing new and,                  conclusion that innovation did its job.
                                                     seum of Modern Art, where half its           started to rebel against function. Wen-          and Cynthia Trope of the Cooper Hew-                with half of them relating to live music,              It is undeniable by the time you reach
                                                     objects come from, it is a classic educa-    dell Castle’s stereo chest in stack-             itt, did their very best with those limi-           they detract from the far more original,               a cluster of iPods and a mirror-black
                                                     tional show, for reasons both intended       laminated and carved walnut, from                tations. And the labeling of all these              even heartbreaking evolution that this                 iPhone, Bluetooth speakers resembling
                                                     and not, and its main attraction is a        1973, is as big as a bassinet but with           clunky objects is impeccable.                       show is really about.                                  ingots of rubber, and a pair of AirPods
                                                     pageant of the ways that, from 1910 to       sensual, peanut-y curves and a ridicu-               Half the show is on paper, though:                This is because, love or lament it, we               on a pedestal like forceps awaiting a
                                                     2024, rooms   have filled themselves         lous lid. Beside it stands its Brutalist         hundreds of advertisements, handbills,              are speeding past the age of owned                     surgeon. These electronics reduced
                                                     with recorded sound.                         opposite: a club D.J. system from 1983           concert posters, LP sleeves.                        music, and past the encumbrance,                       friction until everyone on earth could
                                                        Raymond Loewy’s New World radio           made of concrete and rebar, crumbling               This was a mistake. Not that Milton              serendipity, scarcity and preciousness                 feed from the same trough, so that no
                                                     from 1933, shaped like a classroom-          like a blast site, by the British Israeli        Glaser’s poster for “Bob Dylan’s Great-             that once attended the cultural diet.                  one with Wi-Fi lacks the music they
                                                     style globe, was an almost literal meta-     designer Ron Arad.                               est Hits” is boring. It is ingenious. It            Zoomer visitors to this show may                       believe they want and, safe in that
                                                     phor for the transmission of sound              Dozens of other functional sculp-             was the wallpaper of the 1960s. (If you             never have bought any music them-                      belief, none need speak to another
         (COOPER HEWITT, SMITHSONIAN DESIGN MUSEUM   through space. (You chose AM fre-            tures here represent some of the most            want to know just how far Glaser’s                  selves.                                                person or engage in risk to consume it.

After “Ted Lasso, he's no longer acting. Just playing. How did your return to professional plained to him my reasons and talked failure.” But apparently, they really Cristo Fernandez makes soccer come about? to him from the heart and how much loved my audition and they made the I personally tried to get away from this means to me, and then he was like, role of Dani Rojas based on me. And an unlikely return to fiitbol because it was just painful to “OK, I believe in you. If you say you that’s why I say Dani Rojas is a lot like professional soccer remind myself of something that I did can do it, I believe in you and I want to me. I would be joking if I say that 1 so many years and that I failed. But watch you play.” And that just stayed completely changed myself for the BY JONATHAN ABRAMS with “Ted Lasso,” I had to be open to on me and with me. role. We are the same guy. this new journey again and it was part For Cristo Fernandez, fitbol really is of my job as an actor, that since we Has your team treated you like a Have you talked to Jason Sudeikis or life. For three seasons, he portrayed were playing professional soccer play- celebrity or just another player? any of your castmates about this, and the infectiously joyful and endlessly ers, I had to at least look like a profes- Actually, today we had a training and what has their reaction been? dedicated soccer player Dani Rojas on sional soccer player and those three one of my teammates accidentally hit We have a WhatsApp group called Apple TV’s “Ted Lasso.” seasons and probably five, six years of me with the elbow, bad. I felt dizzy. “Ted Lasso Gang” where we keep in While the show makes a shift in its being around this whole “Ted Lasso” Everything was all right. I’m good. But touch, and as soon as the news got out, coming fourth season with Lasso re- journey, it started to bring this passion then they were being like, “He was they sent a message, all of them, and turning to Richmond to coach a sec- on me. acting. He was just making a drama.” I they were like, “Dude this is amazing, ond-division women’s team, Fernandez And meeting heroes that I grew up believe in opportunity and I believe congrats, felicidades amigo,” just giv- is also headed in a new (and old) direc- watching, like Ronaldinho and Ronaldo preparation leads to success. But in ing me good vibes and congratulating tion. The 35-year-old recently made his and Mexican idols, Jorge Campos, Luis this regard, I really am grateful with me. I told them that, “This all comes debut for El Paso Locomotive FC of the Hernandez and Andrés Guardado, it my teammates. I am lucky with this from my family, ‘Ted Lasso.” I would- USL Championship, the second tier of awakened in me this passion of playing type of people and everyone has good n't be here if it weren’t because of men’s professional soccer in the United fatbol again. And I guess I became a vibes here in El Paso with the team. them. And it all started with them and States. bit of a psychopath in a way that every with the belief. “Ted Lasso” became a Life often imitates art. In Fernan- single time someone tells me no, I just Dani Rojas is a character known for big lesson in my life in every single dez's case, though, it might be the want to show you yes. his infectious energy when he plays. way, not only professionally, but also opposite. Two decades ago, he played racer se FCN Tae Do you have that same quality? the aspects of mental health and belief. professionally as a teenager in Guada- Does this feel like the beginning of a rE OR THE NEW YORK TIMES As an actor, the biggest dream would “Ted Lasso” gave me the feel to be- lajara, Mexico, before a knee injury new chapter or completing unfin- Cristo Fernandez, 35, who starred as a soccer player on “Ted Lasso,” is nowow playing on be to one day perform a role where I come a child again and dream. derailed his career, steering him into a ished business? a soccer team in Texas. As a teenager, he played professionally in Mexico. completely change myself and I new one — acting. Recently, Fernandez This is not me going in the field kicking change my accent and even I gain Have you thought about what your completed a trial with the MLS club the ball and then getting applause in weight or completely transform my- celebration is going to be after your Chicago Fire FC II, laying the ground- the stadium, right? It’s really going and for me, it hasn’t been easy to get My dad unfortunately passed away in self. But what brought me into “Ted first goal? work for a return to professional soc- and performing and being on the pitch. where I've gotten as an actor and even December, and he’s my biggest inspira- Lasso” was the Dani Rojas character I don’t even know how I’m going to cer. Just standing on a fatbol pitch, it re- now as a soccer player, this has been tion of why I’m back playing. Last was supposed to be an Icelandic man react. I don’t know if I'll actually plan Fernandez spoke to The New York quires so much effort. People will see like a three-year journey that no one year, I told him about this crazy dream named Gunnar. And actually at my it. I will be so emotional and I will be Times shortly before his debut about just one thing. And it’s the same with knows. of coming back, the first thing he said first table read, it said “Gunnar, played so happy. But maybe a Dani Rojas rediscovering the sport through “Ted acting. People see you in the premiere was, “Cristo, you have injuries. Take by Cristo Fernandez.” And I was like, celebration, just so that fiction really Lasso.” This interview has been edited of whatever film and they think, “What Was there a point when you knew care of your knees. You're going to take “How am I going to play an Iceland imitates reality. Maybe running in and condensed for clarity. a lucky guy.” But everyone has a story, your body could do this? away all this hard work.” And I ex- man? This is going to be a complete circles. That would be funny. 14 | TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

CULTURE

A forgotten M ichelangelo masterpiece 7 studying the wonders of bone, muscle FLORENCE and skin. (An unauthorized practice at the time but a tolerated one.) As a thank you gift to Father di Giovanna, Michel- The Santo Spirito Crucifix angelo sculpted a crucifix for the high al- tar of the church out of lime wood. rewards close viewing The back story is important here be- at its home in Florence cause we have to remember that Mi- chelangelo wasn’t only studying dead BY ZACHARY FINE bodies; he was sculpting one. What makes his Christ so uncanny is the clash One morning, in September of 1962, the between the signs of death — the yellow- art historian Margrit Lisner arrived at ing ivory skin, the dribble of blood from the Piazza Santo Spirito in a sour mood. the wounds, the clumping of hair like She was abroad in Florence, doing re- brown seaweed — and the childlike pro- search on crucifixes scattered through- portions, the slim rib cage and the unde- out Tuscany, and on this particular day, veloped musculature of the limbs. by some divinely ordained stroke of Some of the proportional quirks have luck, she didn’t want to go to work in the been chalked up to the original place- library at the Kunsthistorisches Institut. ment of the crucifix on the high altar, Instead, Lisner popped over to the which we know because of Michelan- church of Santo Spirito, where she met gelo’s early biographers Ascanio Con- with Guido Balestri, the Augustinian divi and Giorgio Vasari, as well as a prior. Lisner mentioned offhandedly drawing from the 1500s in the Uffizi that that she was researching crucifixes, and shows the crucifix above the old choir. Father Balestri said there was a crucifix But everywhere you stand, and from ev- tucked away in the cloisters. ery angle, it is no less weird or gripping. He brought her down a corridor to- Compare the Michelangelo with other ward the old rectory and, sure enough, polychrome crucifixes done by his con- hanging above the door was a wooden temporaries in Florence, like Benedetto sculpture of Christ, his body thin and da Maiano and the Sangallo brothers, or toned, and completely naked. The bend earlier examples by Brunelleschi and of the legs, the shape of the skull — Lis- Donatello. They are all more naturalistic ner immediately knew what she was and proportionate. looking at. It was the final chapter of her But they also play fewer notes on the next book: “The Lost Crucifix of Michel- emotional keyboard. Michelangelo’s angelo.” She had found it. How a work by the most famous sculptor in the history of Western art What's hard to fathom is that he had 70 was forgotten in a city overflowing with more years of life ahead of him when he artistic riches is both hard to believe and sculpted this. (We're talking about a not. Who today, after going to see the 17- man who worked under no fewer than foot David — a naked marble man of eight popes.) And yet somehow Michel- eye-throttling scale and beauty — then angelo already had command of the full announces to their parched and crabby amplitude and palette of human emo- relatives: Now let’s walk all the way tion. across the Arno, to a very old church, to If you visit Santo Spirito, stand as see another Michelangelo sculpture but close to the crucifix as possible. Look at this time one that’s small and made of the caverns of the armpits, the sprout of old wood! Not an easy sell. And yet I hair on the chest, at the way time has would argue it’s one of the best decisions Above, inside the nibbled off bits of the toes and fingers. you could make in your art-journeying Basilica Santo But, above all, look at the face. The life. Spirito in Florence, hole d f th fi i As you approach from the nave of which houses the out there again in miniature. The pro- Santo Spirito, the first thing you will no- Santo Spirito portions are off-kilter, with the elon- tice about Jesus is that he looks like a Crucifix, left and gated forehead pushing all of the fea- freshly peeled shrimp. The glistening right. The crucifix tures to the middle like vegetables in a firm body, the jarring nudity, the shrunk- was probably bowl of soup, and yet the features them- en waist and limbs ... the proportions carved in 1493, selves are stunning, in particular the are “disturbingly wrong,” as the art when Michelan- thumb-like impressions around the critic Martin Gayford has put it. gelo was about 18. mouth and the great privacy of the eyes. I caught a glimpse of this shrimpy As with marble, Michelangelo somehow wrongness while standing in the church makes the wood liquid under his chisel. this past summer and was disturbed For decades, the crucifix was stuck in enough to pay two euros to enter the municipal limbo between Santo Spirito sacristy, where the crucifix is sus- and the Casa Buonarroti, where it was pended in the middle of the room, from a sent to be restored. The church repeat- long rod that hangs more than 70 feet edly requested its return, but it wasn’t down from the ceiling. I've never seen until 2000 that it was delivered home such a strange and fragile little thing and placed in the sacristy. hanging in the air like that, swathed in Originally, there were a few skeptics so much emptiness. about its authenticity, but the evidence Michelangelo is famous for works of in its favor — the descriptions of its cre- ‘hat are shocking in ation and installation in Condivi and Va- their ambition and magnitude: the fres- sari, and the back-up of the Uffizi draw- coes of the Sistine Chapel, the Basilica of The prior of ing — is about as decisive as you could St. Peter’s, the tomb of Pope Julius II, the church ask for. the unruly block of marble from which gave him the I asked the Michelangelo expert Paul the David was freed. greatest gift an Joannides, an emeritus professor in the The bodies ripple with muscle and ac- artist of naked history of art at the University of Cam- tion; their features are meaty and full. bridge, if there were any lingering con- With the exception of the “Pieta,” Mi- bodies could cerns about its authenticity, and he said, chelangelo’s work is not known for its ask for: “I didn’t think that anyone still had sweetness, fragility or visual quiet. Nor unlimited doubts about the Santo Spirito Crucifix. is he known for wood sculpture, of which corpses. I certainly don’t.” the Santo Spirito Crucifix is possibly the AUGUSTINIAN COMMUNITY OF SANTO SPIRITO, FLORENCE One explanation for why the sculp- only surviving example (if you exclude ture disappeared is because of its fail- the Gallino Crucifix in the Bargello Na- sance man: a diplomat, banker, col- and nudged him toward a new craft. ures and disappointments. Some tional Museum, which has weak claims lector, power broker, lavish adulterer Both Lorenzo and his son Piero had thought it to be unrealistic and clumsy, to authenticity). and major arts patron. strong ties to Santo Spirito, and it’s an early work that’s easy to forget. But I We know that Michelangelo was By the end of the 1480s, Florence was likely one of these Medicis set Michelan- urge anyone to move past that impres- about 18 when he carved the crucifix in running low on top-shelf sculptors. Bru- gelo up with the prior of the church, Nic- sion. We are not looking at a life-size Santo Spirito — that he was young but nelleschi and Donatello were long dead; colo di Giovanna. As a favor, Father di flesh-and-blood Christ. We're intercept- not unskilled. The year was probably Verrocchio was newly dead; and Pol- Giovanna gave Michelangelo the great- ing a private devotional vision. The 1493, between the death of Lorenzo de’ laiuolo was busy in Rome. So Lorenzo est gift an artist of naked bodies could r- Medici in 1492 and before Michelangelo plucked from Domenico Ghirlandaio’s ask for: unlimited corpses. Michelan- ness and mystery that makes some of left Florence for Bologna in 1494. workshop a promising young appren- gelo was provided a room in the con- the best art worthwhile. In those terms, Lorenzo was a consummate Renais- AUGUSTINIAN COMMUNITY OF SANTO SPIRITO, FLORENCE tice named Michelangelo Buonarroti vent, near the infirmary, and went about Michelangelo’s crucifix is perfect.

When the family trade is murder cial manipulation as they are at garrot- the book take place. At Helshire, the adopted Morton of unusual charisma, BOOK REVIEW ing, poisoning, stabbing and making a Mortons and their fellow “legacy” who brings some welcome sexy may- murder look like an accident. students from three other ancient hem into Jessica’s life. The Mortons The novel is a collaboration between crime dynasties take classes in sub- Sometimes the book feels like it’s Justine Larbalestier and Scott Wester- jects like Disruptive Anatomy (dissect- toppling under the weight of its details. By Justine Larbalestier and Scott Wester- ing bodies); Forensic Accounting Its rules aren't always coherent. It’s feld, married young adult authors feld. Pamela Dorman Books/Viking. whose books include “Liar” (hers) and (financial crimes); and Legacy Chem- hard to understand why some things 454 pp. $32. the “Uglies” series (his). “The Mor- istry, in which they learn about “the are OK (slicing your rabbit to death tons” is for adults, but the authors’ Y.A. quietest poisons, the loudest bombs.” with a razor, as Jessica did) and others BY SARAH LYALL experience is reflected in its entertain- Under the panoptic eyes of her older aren't (blowing up your rabbit with a ingly improbable plot and fantastical relatives, Jessica at first does every- bomb, as Peter did). The family grave- The Morton family — wildly powerful, sensibility. At heart it poses a question: thing right: excelling in class, killing yard is full of the bodies of Morton highly criminal — has gathered for the If you are raised by a family of charm- on command and deploying carrots children, many of whom appear to funeral of young Peter Morton, who ing, ruthless monsters, can you un- and sticks to bring rich “ordinaries,” as have disappointed the family for some met his untimely demise in an unfortu- brainwash yourself and embark on a non-legacy students are called, under reason or other and thus never made it nate collegiate climbing accident. If different path? Is empathy even possi- Morton control. She can improvise to adulthood. you were a guest at this strange event, ble after such an upbringing? with the best of them. “Meet me there. Whether “The Mortons” is for you you might notice the occasional flash of Jessica, 20, is the family prodigy, the Bring body bags,” she barks at a cousin might depend, at least in part, on your red in the sea of black — “a scarlet tie, best of her generation: physically after an unplanned murder. But a tolerance for violence, particularly the a sprig of azaleas, the cardinal feather fearless, emotionally numb, a perfect series of unforeseen events in her kind inflicted on innocent people (and in Uncle Orrin’s hat,” notes Jessica iar. fateful junior year will severely test rabbits). It’s the same question facing Morton, Peter’s cousin and the book’s At the age of 7 she successfully her loyalty, and her morality. softhearted viewers of, say, “Game of narrator, who herself is wearing an passed her “mors curiae,” or “death of The book thrums with creative Thrones,” who might have to weigh elegant black jacket lined with blood- care,” the first major test of a young verve, mordant humor and amusing their enthusiasm for the thrilling plot red silk. Morton, which involves (unhappily for detours into subjects like art, avant- and majestic dragons against their Only “blooded” Mortons, those who this reader) carrying a rabbit with you garde fashion and mixology. (A spe- queasiness at all the torture. Still, the have committed a murder in the name everywhere for a year and then cialty of Jessica’s Aunt Veronica: the authors have kindly given Jessica at of familial duty, are allowed this sarto- slaughtering it yourself. The rabbits Upstate Sour, whose ingredients in- least a fighting chance of redemption rial flourish. (In another sort of family, have names like Mister Fluffernutter MAXIME MOUYSSET clude bourbon, egg whites, a gentle (and maybe a hint of a sequel) at the they would be called “made.”) But the and Doctor Pickle. The children love float of Malbec — and a dash of ricin.) end. I'd like to see what she makes of Mortons are hardly simple mobsters, them; that’s why they have to die. down and spontaneously hacked seven (Alas for this character, he is not long Some of the characters are particularly it. or even simple murderers. They're “Slay the rabbit, spare the child,” the of her cousins to death with an ax. The for this world.) interesting, like Jessica’s ruined what you would get if you put the family likes to say. repercussions of this incident will As is expected by her family, Jessica mother, who lives in the huge family Sarah Lyall is a writer at large for The Corleones, the Addamses, the Tar- At 10, Jessica helped kill her father, reverberate throughout the book. attends Helshire College, where the compound but has spent the last 12 Times, writing news, features and garyens and the Borgias together — as known to the family as Uncle Max, “Abused as a child,” a non-Morton tells students are known as Hellions, and years in bed with an unspecified ner- analysis across a wide range of sec- skilled at bribery, blackmail and finan- when he suffered from a sudden melt- Jessica, “and you don’t even know it.” where the Dark Academia portions of vous disorder, and Sebastian, an tions. THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION TUESDAY, JULY 28, 2026 | 15

LIVING

                                                        No better time for salad to shine
                                                                               For this month’s menu, it’s not a three-         tart onions that are scattered over the             shoulder meat is the best choice. Its            chicken broth as the cooking liquid for
                        A fresh, summery spread                             course meal but rather a spread that hits           salad. This salad has no vinegar or lem-            marbling makes the meatjuicy. Lean leg           the most stellar pilaf. You can, of course,
                                                                            the table all at once — preferably out-             on juice — it relies only on the ground             meat is a little tricker to grill as it tends    serve flat breads like lavash or pita if
                        celebrates the bounty                               doors,     if conditions   are right. A recent      sumac to supply its unique sour notes.              to taste dry if overcooked. The precut           you prefer.
                        of the farmers’ market                              trip to Turkey has me in kebab mode                 Sumac, a spice favored throughout the               lamb stew meat at the supermarket                   Fruit desserts are the way to go in the
                                                                            since I’ve returned, and skewered meat              Middle East, is great for adding lemony             butcher is often a mixture of the two. To        summer, especially when good peaches
                        BY DAVID TANIS                                      is just the thing for the small gathering I         appeal when citrus isn’t available. Sliced          get it done right, ask a nice butcher to         are in. You can keep things mighty sim-
                                                                            plan to host. A juicy and colorful tomato           onions with salt and sumac,        tossed in a      cut the lamb for you. Halal butchers will        ple. Here’s how it goes: Take some
                        The glorious produce of summer doesn’t              salad is definitely in order, as is a savory        bowl, is all you need. (Though many                 often have just what you need.                   peaches and split them in two, removing
                        happen        at once, but gradually                pilaf, a bowl of irresistible yogurt-tahini         cooks also add a little lemon juice.)                  After they marinate in olive oil and ar-      the pit. Slightly underripe peaches work
                        throughout the season. At every mo-                 sauce and a peach of a peach dessert.                  So, imagine a large platter with a thick         omatics   like allspice, cumin     and garlic,   well, or use firm ripe ones. Lay them, cut
                        ment, we anticipate the arrival of the                 My ideal tomato salad uses as many               layer of sliced and wedged tomatoes and             grill the kebabs over coals or under the         side up, in a baking dish or skillet and
                        longed-for cherry, peach, melon, corn,              shapes, sizes and colors of fresh-picked            split cherry tomatoes, all carefully sea-           broiler. The kebabs look beautiful               sweeten them with a little brown sugar
                        tomato, pepper.                                     beauties as possible from a garden or               soned with salt and pepper and drizzled             served on a pile of arugula with lemon           and honey. Now broil them until they’re
                          But by now, we’re well on the road to             farmers’ market. Summer is prime time               with fruity extra-virgin olive oil. For             wedges and a bright, creamy yogurt               nearly burned. When serving, the addi-
                        plenitude     at the farmers’    market,   with     for tomatoes, and it’s a wise cook who              brightness, there is mint, dill, cilantro           sauce alongside.                                 tion of a little salty feta and toasted pis-
                        nearly everything on offer at the stands.           goes for the tastiest, ripest ones. But a           and basil, chopped at the last minute.                 Asavory pilaf is easy to make and fills       tachios gives these peaches a certain el-
                        It all lends a dose of excitement: Cooks            salad of all red ones is lovely, too.               Now imagine it topped with crisp, puck-             out the table nicely. It’s a rice pilaf with     egance. It tastes good warm or cooled.
                        can have fun with vegetables. Summer                   Likewise, make use of new-crop red               ery onions.                                         toasted orzo and onions, similar to other        Just be sure to spoon some of the pan
                        supper can be simple, easy living.                  onions, the smaller the better, for the                For the most tender lamb kebabs,                 pilafs made with vermicelli. Use good            juices over, too.

SUMMER TOMATO SALAD BROILED PEACHES WITH WITH SUMAC ONIONS FETA AND PISTACHIOS

TIME: 15 MINUTES. TIME: 25 MINUTES YIELD: 4 TO 6 SERVINGS YIELD: 6 SERVINGS

  1 small red onion                                                                                                                                           ¥%   cup shelled pistachios
      Sea salt and black pepper                                                                                                                                6 medium      peaches or nectarines,
  2   pounds medium or large tomatoes                                                                                                                              preferably freestone
  1 pint cherry tomatoes                                                                                                                                      %    cup light brown sugar
      Extra-virgin olive oil                                                                                                                                  %    cup honey, plus more for serving
  2 tablespoons chopped dill                                                                                                                                   6 (%-inch-thick) slices feta (from an
  2 tablespoons chopped cilantro                                                                                                                                   8-ounce slab)
  1 tablespoon chopped mint
      Handful of small basil leaves                                                                                                                       1. Heat the broiler. On the stovetop, set a
  1 tablespoon ground sumac                                                                                                                               small pan over medium heat. Add the
                                                                                                                                                          pistachios. Toast nuts until fragrant,

1. Slice onion crosswise into %-inch rings stirring frequently, about 3 minutes. and place in a medium bowl. Sprinkle Remove from heat and cool. Chop roughly lightly with salt, then cover with ice water and set aside. and set aside. 2. Cut the peaches in half, removing the
2. Cut the medium or large tomatoes into stones. Place peach halves in a slices or wedges and halve the cherry 9-by-13-inch broiler-safe baking dish or inches away from the heat source, and 4. To serve, place 2 peach halves ona tomatoes. Place slices or wedges in one 4. Drizzle the tomatoes with extra-virgin rings and return them to the bow!. Dust skillet cut-side up. Sprinkle each half with broil until sugar is browned and blackened plate. Place a slice of feta on each plate layer on a wide platter and arrange cherry olive oil. Just before serving, sprinkle the generously with sumac and an extra pinch a scant tablespoon light brown sugar. here and there, and the peaches have and sprinkle everything with chopped tomatoes on top. dill, cilantro and mint over the tomatoes, of salt, and scatter over the salad. Drizzle each peach half with about 1 softened a bit, about 7 to 10 minutes, pistachios.
3. Season everything generously with sea then add the basil leaves. Sprinkle with more sumac to taste. teaspoon honey. turning the dish as necessary. Cool to 5. Drizzle with any juices remaining in the salt and black pepper. 5. Drain and blot onions dry. Separate the 3. Place dish under the broiler about 6 room temperature. pan or a little more honey if desired.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         \
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        NEW YORK TIMES. FOOD STYLIST:
   
                      LAMB KEBABS WITH ORZO PILAF                          For the Yogurt Sauce:                                    3 garlic cloves, minced                       3. While the lamb marinates, make the             all broth is absorbed. Remove from the
                                                                               ¥Y%   cup lemon juice (from 2 lemons)                2 cups chicken broth or water                 yogurt sauce: Put lemon    juice in a medium      heat and leave covered to rest and keep
                      TIME: ABOUT 1 HOUR
                      YIELD: 4 TO 6 SERVINGS
                                                                                3 tablespoons tahini                                3 tablespoons finely sliced scallion          bowl. Add tahini and garlic and whisk             warm.
                                                                                3 garlic cloves, grated or smashed                      greens (optional)                         briefly to dissolve. Whisk in yogurt, salt,       5. When   ready, prepare the grill or heat
                         1%      pounds boneless lamb shoulder,                      toa paste                                      1   small lemon (optional)                    cayenne and olive oil. Let rest, then taste       your broiler. Grill the skewers or set under
                                 cut into 1-inch cul                            2 cups plain whole-milk yogurt                                                                    and adjust seasoning. Refrigerate until           the broiler for 2 to 3 minutes per side,
                                 Sea salt and black pepper                           Large pinch of sea salt                   1. Put lamb cubes in a large bowl. Season          ready to use, at least 10 minutes. It tastes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    turning once, and aim for medium-rare.
                              1 teaspoon ground cumin                                Speck of ground cayenne                   well with salt and pepper, then add cumin,         best fresh, but will last 2 days.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    (You want them juicy but not rare.)
                              1 teaspoon ground coriander                       2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil           coriander, allspice, crushed red pepper            4. Prepare the orzo pilaf, if making: Melt        Arrange a bed of arugula on a large platter.
                              ¥ teaspoon allspice                                                                              and garlic. Drizzle with olive oil. Using your
                                                                           For the Orzo Pilaf:                                                                                    butter with oil in a medium   heavy-bottom        Set the grilled skewers on top and serve
                                 Pinch of crushed red pepper                                                                   hands, mix seasoning thoroughly into the
                                                                                3 tablespoons unsalted butter                                                                     saucepan over medium-high heat. Add the           with garlicky yogurt sauce and lavash or
                              4 garlic cloves, grated or smashed                                                               meat, coating well.
                                                                                   1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil                                                            onions and a little salt, and cook until          other flatbread.
                                                                                   1 cup finely diced yellow onion             2. Let marinate in the refrigerator for at         lightly browned, about 5 minutes. Add the
                                 Extra-virgin olive oil                                                                                                                                                                             6. Fluff the orzo, sprinkle with the scallion
                                                                                  Sea salt                                     least 30 minutes, up to several hours (or          orzo and let brown lightly, stirring, about 2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    greens and zest the lemon over the top
                                A few handfuls of arugula                                                                                                                         minutes. Add rice and stir to combine. Add
                                                                               ¥% cup orzo                                     even a day in advance). Thread the lamb                                                              before serving.
                                 Lemon wedges
                                                                              1%     cups long-grain rice, rinsed and          cubes onto short skewers without                   bay leaves and garlic, then the broth.
                                 Lavash or other flatbread, for                                                                                                                   Bring to a boil, then turn heat to low and
                                                                                     drained                                   crowding (about 5 to 6 ounces of meat per
                                 serving
                                                                                2 small bay leaves                             skewer).                                           put on the lid. Cook for 20 minutes, until
   

   FASCINATING

                Fleur de lotus Mystéricuse
                                       Clip
   

yancleelarpels.com

QA Report - NYT International - 28.07.2026.pdf

Pipeline

• Extraction route: ocrmypdf-pdftotext
• extraction_route=ocrmypdf-pdftotext
• Translation chunks: 68
• Extraction warnings:
• [OCR-ROUTE] Scanned PDF detected; routing directly to MistralOCR.
• [MistralOCR] Error: API error occurred: Status 400. Body: {"object":"error","message":"File 'ce0e8409-9053-4e41-b0a5-2c82c33a9391' could not

Non-model Checks

• WARNING: translated output has low semantic coherence score (0.03)
• WARNING: missing numeric tokens from source: 18.00, 2474, 30.51, 30660, 31, 36.00, 412, 4121113, 413, 516141
• WARNING: Missing proper nouns in translation: And Paolo Zampolli, Andrew In March, Another American, App Store As, Arab Emirates, Arial Narrow, Art History Museum, Associate Editor, At Dr, At Helshire
• WARNING: source dates, money, or percentage tokens may be missing

Model QA

PDF 翻译质量审核报告

审核状态： ❌ 存在严重缺陷 (Blocking Issues Found)

1. 核心缺陷 (Critical Defects)

❌ 严重幻觉与内容篡改 (Hallucinations & Fabrications)

• 政治人物死亡幻觉： 翻译件中出现“阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊...在本月美以袭击中丧生”。经核对原文，原文仅提到传单上有其面孔，完全没有提到他丧生。这是一个极其严重的政治事实幻觉。
• 虚构情节： 在“保时捷”章节后，翻译件突然出现了关于“埃普斯坦 (Epstein) 继承人”、“舒利亚克博士 (Dr. Shuliak)”以及“同性婚姻合法化”的超长段落。这些内容在提供的 Source Preview 中完全不存在，属于严重的文本幻觉或跨文档污染。
• 虚构情节（文学部分）： 在书评部分，翻译件出现了“在 10 岁时，杰西卡协助杀死了她的父亲...用一把斧头将 7 个表亲砍死”。经核对原文，原文仅提到一个关于兔子的残酷测试和对家庭成员的描述，并未出现砍杀父亲和表亲的血腥情节。

❌ 文本丢失与截断 (Omissions & Truncations)

• 关键段落丢失： 原文中关于 JD Vance 在格但斯克会议、美国进出口银行信贷额度、以及具体投资数字的讨论，在翻译件中被大量删减或以碎片化形式呈现。
• 指令性丢失： 译文在多处出现逻辑断层，例如“在 1900 年...第一辆电动汽车，传动组件...系列混合动力车”，句子结构破碎，丢失了核心解释逻辑。

❌ 关键错误 (Wrong Numbers & Terms)

• 数值错误：
  • 原文 "500 million 欧元" 被译为 "500 million 欧元" (虽正确但未统一单位)。
  • 原文 "€10 billion" 翻译件中虽有体现，但上下文逻辑混乱。
• 术语不统一： "Orzo" 在同一文档中被交替译为“欧佐米”、“米形面”、“炊饭”，缺乏专业一致性。

2. 格式与交付缺陷 (Delivery Defects)

• 残留英文块： 大量残留英文，如 SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY, VIA REUTERS CONNECT, SULIAK, FROM PAGE 7, FASCINATING, Fleur de lotus Mystéricuse 等。
• OCR 错误继承： 继承了原文的 OCR 错误（如 he New Dork Gim 译作 he New Dork Gim，未予修正）。
• 乱码/碎片化： 食谱部分的步骤与配料混合，排版完全崩溃，且出现了大量类似 ¥% 杯 的乱码符号（应为分数）。

3. 总结 (Summary)

维度	评分	备注
忠实度 (Faithfulness)	🔴 极差	出现严重的政治/事实幻觉，虚构大量原文没有的情节。
完整度 (Completeness)	🔴 极差	关键信息丢失，且混入了无关文档内容。
准确度 (Accuracy)	🔴 极差	数值符号乱码，术语不统一。
格式 (Formatting)	🔴 极差	食谱部分完全不可用，存在大量未译英文。

结论： 该译文不可交付。其不仅在技术层面（乱码、缺失）失败，更在内容层面产生了极其危险的幻觉（虚构国家领导人死亡及血腥犯罪情节），必须全盘重作。